少年中长跑运动员跑的经济性与运动成绩关系研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

蔡秋  卢亮球 《广州体育学院学报》2004,24(6):66-68,76

以体校男女各13名少年运动员为研究对象,采用跑台逐级递增负荷运动试验测试最大吸氧量,并以24m·min-1的恒定跑台速度测试跑的经济性RE,呼出气体通过JaegerEOS心肺功能测试仪,用开放式气体测试法分析。文中运动员成绩均为竞赛成绩。实验结果表明,跑的经济性RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)无显著性性别差异(P>0.05),但个体间存在较大的差异。RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)与1500m、400m跑运动成绩无显著性相关,RE(％V2max)与10km跑成绩呈显著相关。提示RE在较长距离跑中起重要作用。运动员想提高耐力水平,可以通过提高最大有氧能力或改善技术以提高经济性这两种方法实现。  相似文献   

跳远助跑速度利用率的探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

汪海燕 《首都体育学院学报》2004,16(2):63-65

跳远是我国田径运动项目中运动水平较高的项目之一,近来关于助跑速度利用率的问题引起了讨论,本文认为高助跑速度利用率并没有达到预期的效果,它对起跳技术的影响直接降低了运动成绩,多年来在高助跑速度利用率条件下改进起跳技术未见明显成效,并提出采用较低的助跑速度利用率的可能性和考虑国外优秀运动员经验的建议。  相似文献   

大学生耐力跑项目改革实验之研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘桂海  任海平  倪进  杨光 《四川体育科学》2002,(3):28-29

对现有的大学生耐力跑项目教学测试进行剖析，分析其不合理性，同时提出建立较为科学的耐力跑标准和练习方法，通过实验得以实证。  相似文献   

高校图书馆文献资产流失现状及管理对策研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

韩淑红  郭健民 《图书馆建设》2006,(1):69-71

本文对高校图书馆文献型国有资产的现状和流失现象进行分析,在此基础上重点探讨高校图书馆文献国有资产的管理,提出控制对策以供商榷。  相似文献   

Neuro-mechanical adjustments to shod versus barefoot treadmill runs in the acute and delayed stretch-shortening cycle recovery phases     

Cedric Morio  Violaine Sevrez  Pascale Chavet  Eric Berton  Caroline Nicol 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(8):738-745

In habitually shod recreational runners, we studied the combined influence of footwear and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) fatigue on treadmill running pattern, paying special attention to neuro-mechanical adjustments in the acute and 2-day delayed recovery periods. The SSC exercise consisted of a series of 25 sub-maximal rebounds on a sledge apparatus repeated until exhaustion. The acute and delayed functional fatigue effects were quantified in a maximal drop jump test. The neuro-mechanical adjustments to fatigue were examined during two submaximal treadmill run tests of 3 min performed either barefoot or with shoes on. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activities, tibial accelerations and kinematics of the right lower limb were recorded during the first and last 15 s of each run. The main result was that neuro-mechanical differences between the shod and barefoot running patterns, classically reported in the absence of fatigue, persisted in the fatigued state. However, in the delayed recovery phase, rearfoot eversion was found to significantly increase in the shod condition. This specific footwear effect is considered as a potential risk factor of overuse injuries in longer runs. Therefore, specific care should be addressed in the delayed recovery phase of SSC fatigue and the use of motion control shoes could be of interest.  相似文献   

Reliability and validity of the Myotest® for measuring running stride kinematics     

Cyrille Gindre  Kim Hebert-Losier  Jean-Benoit Morin 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(7):664-670

Accelerometer-based systems are often used to quantify human movement. This study’s aim was to assess the reliability and validity of the Myotest® accelerometer-based system for measuring running stride kinematics. Twenty habitual runners ran two 60 m trials at 12, 15, 18 and 21 km·h^?1. Contact time, aerial time and step frequency parameters from six consecutive running steps of each trial were extracted using Myotest® data. Between-trial reproducibility of measures was determined by comparing kinematic parameters from the two runs performed at the same speed. Myotest® measures were compared against photocell-based (Optojump Next®) and high-frequency video data to establish concurrent validity. The Myotest®-derived parameters were highly reproducible between trials at all running speeds (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.886 to 0.974). Compared to the photo-cell and high-speed video-based measures, the mean contact times from the Myotest® were 34% shorter and aerial times were 64% longer. Only step frequency was comparable between systems and demonstrated high between-system correlation (ICC ≥ 0.857). The Myotest® is a practical portable device that is reliable for measuring contact time, aerial time and step frequency during running. In terms of validity, it provides accurate step frequency measures but underestimates contact time and overestimates aerial time compared to photocell- and optical-based systems.  相似文献   

带钢的"跑偏"及纠正   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谢忠亮 《辽宁科技学院学报》2003,5(2):14-16,19

针对带钢在运送过程中，受各种因素影响而出现的“跑偏”情况加以说明、分析。并提出采用控制辊系统纠偏方式，并对其纠偏方式进行分析、探讨。  相似文献   

中外合作办学教学质量内部监控及其体系构建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙泽文  叶敏  刘俊平 《成都教育学院学报》2011,25(1):64-68

中外合作办学教学质量日益成为社会关注的焦点,必须建立和完善其教学质量的内部监控体系与运行机制。不能把国内的一套体系和程序简单地移植过来,而应针对当前教学质量存在的问题,坚持教学质量监控的基本原则,借鉴国外教学质量管理经验,构建适合中外合作办学的教学质量内部监控体系。并在这个体系的框架下,积极寻求质量保障的路径与对策,形成高效的运行机制,打造出自己的质量品牌和特色。  相似文献   

The biomechanical characteristics of high-performance endurance running     

Stephen J. Preece  Christopher Bramah  Duncan Mason 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(6):784-792

The biomechanical profile of high-level endurance runners may represent a useful model that could be used for developing training programmes designed to improve running style. This study, therefore, sought to compare the biomechanical characteristics of high-performance and recreational runners. Kinematic and kinetic measurements were taken during overground running from a cohort of 14 high-performance (8 male) and 14 recreational (8 male) runners, at four speeds ranging from 3.3 to 5.6?m?s^?1. Two-way ANOVA analysis was then used to explore group and speed effects and principal component analysis used to explore the interdependence of the tested variables. The data showed the high-performance runners to have a gait style characterised by an increased vertical velocity of the centre of mass and a flight time that was 11% longer than the recreational group. The high-performance group were also observed to adopt a forefoot strike pattern, to contact the ground with their foot closer to their body and to have a larger ankle moment. Importantly, although observed group differences were mostly independent of speed, the tested variables showed a high degree of interdependence suggesting an underlying unitary phenomenon. This is the first study to compare high-performance and recreational runners across a full range of kinematic and kinetic variables. The results suggest that high-performance runners maintain stride length with a prolonged aerial phase, rather than by landing with a more extended knee. These findings motivate future intervention studies that should investigate whether recreational runners could benefit from instruction to decrease shank inclination at foot contact.  相似文献   

Leg amputation side determines performance in curve sprinting: a case study on a Paralympic medalist     

Johannes Funken  Kai Heinrich  Steffen Willwacher  Ralf Müller  Jonas Böcker  Hiroaki Hobara 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(1):75-87

The lower limb kinetics of curve sprinting in amputees are not well described in the literature, particularly with respect to the effect of the side of amputation. This is an issue due to the importance of the knowledge for prosthetic design and classification of athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of side of amputation on curve sprinting performance in athletes with a unilateral leg amputation. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (Vicon), four force plates (Kistler) and a modified mathematical human model (ALASKA) were used to compare clockwise and counter clockwise curve sprinting lower limb kinematics and kinetics of a Paralympic medalist with a left-sided knee exarticular amputation. Results reveal that vertical ground reaction force application and total vertical impulse were lower when the affected limb was at the inside of the curve. The unaffected limb showed joint mechanics different to those established for non-amputee athletes and might contribute better to propulsion when being the inside limb. Curve sprinting biomechanics and the ability to attain high radial velocities are directly dependent on the side of amputation relative to the curve direction in a unilateral amputee athlete of highest performance level.  相似文献