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1.
模拟海拔2000m和3000m高原训练的不同时程对大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质代谢的影响 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
用低压氧舱模拟海拔2 000 m、3 000 m高原低氧环境对大鼠进行耐力训练,探讨不同海拔高原训练1周及返回平原训练1～2周对大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质代谢及肌糖原和血清睾酮含量的影响.研究发现:海拔2 000 m、3 000 m高原耐力训练导致大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质分解代谢显著加强,肌糖原含量显著提高,并有随高度增加而加强的趋势,但血清睾酮含量无明显变化;返回平原后骨骼肌蛋白质代谢第1周迅速恢复到正常状态,第2周保持稳定,肌糖原含量第1周下降,第2周显著回升,而血清睾酮含量均无明显变化;实验支持高原训练的高度应选择在2 000 m～3 000 m之间、回平原参赛时间应选择在2周左右的观点. 相似文献
2.
补脾活血中药对小鼠运动时物质代谢机能的影响 总被引：24，自引：2，他引：22
利用补脾活血中药灌服小白鼠结合游泳训练，实验结果表明，6周游泳训练对小鼠的血清睾酮水平没有显著影响，训练结合补脾及补脾活血中药的灌眼，可显著提高小鼠血清睾酮水平；服药组可显著提高小鼠肌糖原含量，加速肌糖原的恢复；服药组使小鼠血清β－脂蛋白、总胆固醇、游离胆固醇含量显著低于训练及安静组。揭示服药可明显改善机体脂蛋白和脂代谢能力；眼药组可使血液脂肪酸（FFA）含量及FFA／白蛋白比值显著低于训练及安静组；服药组可显著降低血清胆红素、谷草转氨酶（GOT）活性，揭示服用中药可明显改善肝脏物质代谢能力，加速肝功能的恢复；在所有服药组中，补脾活血组效果较单独补脾和活血组为好。 相似文献
3.
补糖对不同时间运动后小鼠酮体代谢的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将昆明种4~6周龄雄性小白鼠随机分为补糖和补水对照组。每组均设安静组、定量运动组和力竭运动组。补糖采用浓度为5%葡萄糖与7%低聚糖的混合溶液。定量运动组做一次性静水负重游泳运动,持续时间为1h。力竭组与定量组运动形式相同,运动时间至力竭。分别测定血液、肝脏、骨骼肌和脑中的酮体(Ketone Body,KB),肝、骨骼肌糖原以及血糖、脑糖、血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)等指标。结果显示:与补糖组相比,1h游泳运动后补水组血清FFA有升高趋势,但无显著性差异,补水组小鼠血酮体浓度显著升高(P<0.05);力竭运动后补水组骨骼肌、肝脏中酮体含量显著高于补糖组(P<0.05)。提示:小鼠机体糖状况直接影响运动中的酮体代谢,运动性酮体代谢与体内糖储备以及脂肪分解状况有关。 相似文献
4.
冯立 《沈阳体育学院学报》2011,30(3):64-67
目的:研究运动训练对SHR心肌细胞中HSP-72、Bcl-2和蛋白激酶β(PKB)、Bax、糖原合成激酶-3(GSK-3)的影响,以探讨其对运动引起心肌细胞凋亡的作用。方法:以SHR大鼠中等强度训练为实验模型,采用Western bloting技术检测了大鼠心肌细胞中调控蛋白HSP-72、Bcl-2和蛋白激酶β(PKB)、Bax、糖原合成激酶-3(GSK-3)的表达。结果:长期中等强度训练可以提高心肌细胞中抑凋亡蛋白HSP-72、Bcl-2和蛋白激酶β(PKB)的表达,凋亡蛋白Bax、糖原合成激酶-3(GSK-3)表达显著降低,Bcl-2/Bax的表达没有显著变化,从而抑制心肌细胞的凋亡。结论:心肌细胞中HSP-72、Bcl-2和蛋白激酶β(PKB)、Bax、糖原合成激酶-3(GSK-3),Bcl-2/Bax在运动后的不同表达对心肌细胞凋亡的发生有明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
5.
探讨补充磷脂对小鼠运动耐力和肝脏、骨骼肌组织自由基代谢、糖原水平的影响。结论：补充磷脂有利于提高机体抗氧化酶的活性,促进自由基的清除以及糖原的合成,具有一定的抗氧化、抗疲劳作用。 相似文献
6.
目的：通过观察复方中药制剂和运动训练对大鼠股四头肌运动能力的影响,探讨复方中药提取物对提高机体糖代谢和运动能力的作用,为更好的指导运动训练、增强运动能力提供科学依据,为有效提高能量代谢中成药的开发奠定理论基础。结果：（1）力竭时间,D组大鼠力竭时间相比其它3组极显著延长（P〈0.01）;C组显著长于A组（P〈0.05）;B组极显著长于C组（P〈0.01）。（2）大鼠股四头肌肌糖原含量安静状态下,D组极显著高于A组、B组和C组,C组和B组显著高于A组;定量负荷,D组极显著高于A组和B组,B组极显著高于A组;力竭即刻,D组极显著高于A组和显著高于B组,B组和C组都显著高于A组;力竭恢复12h,D组极显著高于A组和显著高于B组、C组,A组极显著低于B组和C组;力竭恢复24h,D、C组极显著高于A组,B组显著高于A组。结论：（1）运动训练可以提高大鼠股四头肌肌糖原的含量和促进恢复过程中肌糖原的合成,提高运动能力;（2）单纯饮用复方中药制剂可以提高大鼠股四头肌肌糖原的含量和促进恢复过程中肌糖原的合成;（3）运动训练结合饮用复方中药制剂在增加大鼠股四头肌肌糖原的含量,减缓运动过程中肌糖原较少,促进恢复过程中肌糖原的合成效果最明显,提示复方中药制剂能够促进机体糖代谢能力,更好提高运动能力。 相似文献
7.
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increased availability of blood‐borne glucose would improve endurance after carbohydrate loading. A single‐leg exercise model was employed, taking advantage of the fact that supercompensation of muscle glycogen occurs only in a previously exercised limb. Endurance time to exhaustion at 70% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined for 11 males and three females who were then allocated to a control group or a high‐carbohydrate (CHO) group. For 3 days following Test 1 the control group maintained a prescribed normal diet whilst the CHO group increased the proportion of energy derived from carbohydrate (62.1 ± 4.3% cf. 43.9 ± 2.0%, P < 0.01). The endurance test was then repeated using the leg that was inactive during Test 1. Endurance time was increased on Test 2 (123.7 ± 43.2 min cf. 98.5 ± 21.9 min, P <0.05 one‐tailed test) for the CHO group but not for the control group (101.8 ± 21.7 min cf. 107.5 ± 9.1 min, NS). There was no indication of enhanced carbohydrate metabolism during Test 2 for the CHO group but mean heart rate was lower during Test 2 than during Test 1 (145 ± 14 beat min ‐1 cf. 152 ± 12 beat min ‐1, P<0.05). These results suggest that the prior consumption of a high‐carbohydrate diet improves endurance during high‐intensity cycling with a limb with normal muscle glycogen concentration. 相似文献
8.
Jonas K. Enqvist Patrik H. Johansson Thibault Brink-Elfegoun Linda Bakkman Björn T. Ekblom 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):947-955
Abstract Energy turnover was assessed in two conditions of mixed ultra-endurance exercise. In Study 1, energy expenditure and intake were measured in nine males in a laboratory over 24 h. In Study 2, energy expenditure was assessed in six males during an 800-km Adventure race (mean race time 152.5 h). Individual correlations between heart rate and oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2) were established during pre-tests when kayaking, cycling, and running. During exercise, energy expenditure was estimated from continuous heart rate recordings. Heart rate and [Vdot]O2 were measured regularly during fixed cycling work rates to correct energy expenditure for drift in oxygen pulse. Mean energy expenditure was 18,050 ± 2,390 kcal (750 ± 100 kcal · h?1) and 80,000 ± 18,000 kcal (500 ± 100 kcal · h?1) in Study 1 and Study 2 respectively, which is higher than previously reported. Energy intake in Study 1 was 8,450 ± 1,160 kcal, resulting in an energy deficit of 9,590 ± 770 kcal. Body mass decreased in Study 1 (?2.3 ± 0.8 kg) but was unchanged in Study 2. Fat mass decreased in Study 2 (?2.3 ± 1.5 kg). In Study 1, muscle glycogen content decreased by only 60%. Adventure racing requires a high energy expenditure, with large inter-individual variation. A large energy deficit is caused by inadequate energy intake, possibly due to suppressed appetite and gastrointestinal problems. The oxygen pulse, comparing start to 12 h of exercise and beyond, increased by 10% and 5% in Study 1 and Study 2 respectively. Hence, estimations of energy expenditure from heart rate recordings should be corrected according to this drift. 相似文献
9.
Abstract Hydration status is not easily measured, but acute changes in hydration status are often estimated from body mass change. Changes in body mass are also often used as a proxy measure for sweat losses. There are, however, several sources of error that may give rise to misleading results, and our aim in this paper is to quantify these potential errors. Respiratory water losses can be substantial during hard work in dry environments. Mass loss also results from substrate oxidation, but this generates water of oxidation which is added to the body water pool, thus dissociating changes in body mass and hydration status: fat oxidation actually results in a net gain in body mass as the mass of carbon dioxide generated is less than the mass of oxygen consumed. Water stored with muscle glycogen is presumed to be made available as endogenous carbohydrate stores are oxidized. Fluid ingestion and sweat loss complicate the picture by altering body water distribution. Loss of hypotonic sweat results in increased osmolality of body fluids. Urine and faecal losses can be measured easily, but changes in the water content of the bladder and the gastrointestinal tract cannot. Body mass change is not always a reliable measure of changes in hydration status and substantial loss of mass may occur without an effective net negative fluid balance. 相似文献
10.
香菇多糖抗疲劳的实验研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究了香菇多糖的抗疲劳作用．用离体实验测定香菇多糖对肌肉收缩时间的影响，在体实验测定肌糖原含量．通过差异与对照组相比较时，发现香菇多糖的抗疲劳作用并无显统计学意义． 相似文献