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运动与促红细胞生成素 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
介绍促红细胞生成素(EPO)的来源及生物学活性,综述近年来国内外有关运动与EPO的研究成果:分析急性运动及长期耐力运动对血浆EPO的影响;高原训练后EPO的变化情况;提出EPO可作为耐力运动训练的评价预测指标;最后就rhEPO作为兴奋剂的使用、危害及检测作了介绍。 相似文献
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Martina Gugglberger 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(4):597-613
This article investigates the conditions and circumstances that led to the emergence of Nepalese women's mountaineering. It draws a comparison and shows parallels with the development of Western female mountaineering. The special focus here is on so-called ‘women's expeditions’ in the Himalayas. In the last 20 years, these expeditions have played an important role for Nepalese women in gaining access to high-altitude climbing. An overview of the historical developments from the 1950s to the present illustrates the transnational and global involvement of high-altitude mountaineering in Nepal, as well as the impact of political and social programmes to foster gender equality and diversity. 相似文献
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Yi-Hung Liao Toby Mündel Yan-Ting Yang Chen-Chan Wei Shiow-Chwen Tsai 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1805-1815
The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO2max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO2 = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO2 = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO2 = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO2, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude. 相似文献
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高原训练对游泳运动员促红细胞生成素的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文研究了高原训练对游泳运动员血液成分促红细胞生成素EPO及血红蛋白(Hb)的影响。结果表明:EPO在高原缺氧,运动强度及环境迅速改变刺激下均可升高,但维持时间较短,一般不超过一周。通过EPO的变化规律,可以指导高原训练负荷的安排。 相似文献
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1600m高原训练对我国优秀中长跑运动员血液等指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以7名国家优秀中长跑运动员(21～29岁)为研究对象,主要探讨了1600m高原训练运对动员生理生化指标、主观指标的影响。根据血液指标的变化趋势,可将整个过程分为升高期、最高效应期、恢复期三个阶段。1600m高原训练,高原反应达到最大效应时间为16～20天。在此高度训练,脉压稳定未出现脉压分离现象。主观指标与训练情况关系密切,与训练量大小呈反比,与HGB、HCT呈正比。建议比赛前的21～23天开始高原训练,下高原后立即参加比赛。 相似文献
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黄伟庆 《北京工业职业技术学院学报》2020,(1):119-121,131
近年来,由高空抛物引发的刑事案件频繁出现,已经严重地威胁着人民群众的人身及财产安全。然而,在司法实践中,由于高空抛物案件的特殊性,往往难以准确认定具体个案的刑事责任主体及构成犯罪的主客观要件。因此,如何准确厘清高空抛物案件中的刑事责任,确认刑事责任主体和构成犯罪的主客观要件,是实现合理量刑、罚当其罪的关键问题。 相似文献
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沈雪蓓 《贵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2008,(3)
高空掷物侵权作为民法中的特殊侵权行为,由于在司法实践中其行为主体的难确定性,导致对该侵权行为的责任主体和责任形态的认定存在较大的争议。通过对侵权责任形态的构成要件以及事实行为与法律行为的界定,认为在该侵权行为的责任认定上,应当适用公平原则,由建筑物的相关使用人共同承担侵权损害赔偿责任,责任形态为分担责任。 相似文献
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Lian Deng Chao Zhang Kai Yuan Yang Gao Yuwen Pan Xueling Ge Yaoxi He Yuan Yuan Yan Lu Xiaoxi Zhang Hao Chen Haiyi Lou Xiaoji Wang Dongsheng Lu Jiaojiao Liu Lei Tian Qidi Feng Asifullah Khan Yajun Yang Zi-Bing Jin Jian Yang Fan Lu Jia Qu Longli Kang Bing Su Shuhua Xu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(6):1201
Human genetic adaptation to high altitudes (>2500 m) has been extensively studied over the last few years, but few functional adaptive genetic variants have been identified, largely owing to the lack of deep-genome sequencing data available to previous studies. Here, we build a list of putative adaptive variants, including 63 missense, 7 loss-of-function, 1,298 evolutionarily conserved variants and 509 expression quantitative traits loci. Notably, the top signal of selection is located in TMEM247, a transmembrane protein-coding gene. The Tibetan version of TMEM247 harbors one high-frequency (76.3%) missense variant, rs116983452 (c.248C > T; p.Ala83Val), with the T allele derived from archaic ancestry and carried by >94% of Tibetans but absent or in low frequencies (<3%) in non-Tibetan populations. The rs116983452-T is strongly and positively correlated with altitude and significantly associated with reduced hemoglobin concentration (p = 5.78 × 10−5), red blood cell count (p = 5.72 × 10−7) and hematocrit (p = 2.57 × 10−6). In particular, TMEM247-rs116983452 shows greater effect size and better predicts the phenotypic outcome than any EPAS1 variants in association with adaptive traits in Tibetans. Modeling the interaction between TMEM247-rs116983452 and EPAS1 variants indicates weak but statistically significant epistatic effects. Our results support that multiple variants may jointly deliver the fitness of the Tibetans on the plateau, where a complex model is needed to elucidate the adaptive evolution mechanism. 相似文献
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