原始体育文化起源的考古学研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔乐泉 《山东体育学院学报》2002,18(2):11-20

随着考古学的发展，从史前考古学角度对史前化遗迹、遗物的分析研究，日益成为探讨原始体育化起源的重要途径。而体育考古学这一新的理论体系与方法的出现，为利用史前的遗存、有关材料及人类的思维能力去推断并确定原始体育化起源与发展过程的基本脉络、特定条件以及主要特征，提供了一种实证性的探索途径。从原始体育化起；醺的生物学前提、集体传习活动的生成机制与原始体育化起源、原始体育化起源的物质前提和原始体育化起源的仪式化前提四个方面，对原始体育化起源的可能条件进行了考古分析。  相似文献   

The Future of the Past: Archaeology and Anthropology on the World Wide Web     

John W. Hoopes 《Archives and Museum Informatics》1997,11(2):87-105

In the final scene of Raiders of the Lost Ark, a crate containing the object of Indiana Jones' quest is wheeled into an immense warehouse for indefinite storage and questionable research access. Unfortunately, this fate is not all that far from reality. Collections of archaeological and ethnographic materials ranging from stone axes, broken potsherds, and carved monuments to baskets, ceremonial masks, and skin canoes have been held by museums collections since the Renaissance. However, their inestimable value and unique conservation and curatorial requirements often conspire to remove them from the reach of all but the most diligent scholars. The potential of the Web to enhance the quality of research on archaeological and ethnographic collections is enormous. This paper will examine ways that one can use the Web to enhance research and improve access to a variety of materials; while there are many other resources for archaeology available on the Web, this paper focusses on museum-related sites. It will also explore the potential of the Web for innovative research strategies. Digitization of catalogs, associated documents, and images to help one locate and study collections and specific artifacts are just one approach. Others include the connection of devices to the Web, such as cameras and microscopes, the creation of virtual reference collections, and the establishment of research networks that will enhance the identification and analysis of material culture. This paper will also consider the role the Web could play in issues of cultural property, contributing to and in many ways intensifying ongoing debates of ownership, curation, conservation, and repatriation of sensitive materials.  相似文献   

Investigation of an Egyptian Mummy board by Using Clinical Multi-slice Computed Tomography     

Sveva Longo  Enricomaria Mormina  Francesca Granata  Domenico Mallamace  Marcello Longo  Silvia Capuani 《文物保护研究》2018,63(7):383-390

A modern approach to the diagnosis of artistic heritage makes use of non-destructive techniques which avoid damage to artworks or signs of interaction with the analytical technique used. For this reason, today, the employment of X-rays to study artistic heritage is quite widespread. Computed tomography (CT) Imaging was first used as specialized medical diagnostic tool in the early 1970s. Today, CT scanners have become more common, and non-destructive three-dimensional imaging has found an increasing number of uses in different areas such as materials research, geology, archaeology, and museum conservation. In this work, a new generation of clinical CT (based on the Dual Energy and multi-slice acquisition principle) is used to investigate an Egyptian wooden mummy board with a total acquisition time of 93.23 seconds and a voxel size of 0.078?×?0.078?×?1.5?mm. The use of two distinct techniques of image post-processing, the two-dimensional multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) and the three-dimensional volume rendering technique (VRT) allowed us to: evaluate the state of conservation of the mummy board, determine how the wooden object was implemented, recognize a nineteenth-century intervention of consolidation, and advance the hypothesis that the wooden planks were reused. In particular, we highlight the use of the cardiovascular and pulmonary filter with VRT reconstruction, which allows a virtual elimination of different parts of the mummy board to investigate those areas otherwise accessible only by removing parts of the board and thus damaging the work.  相似文献   

“Enactment of Sámi Past in School Textbooks: Towards Multiple Pasts for Future Making”     

Torun Granstrøm Ekeland 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2017,61(3):319-332

The article examines the use of archaeological knowledge in elementary history textbooks used in Norwegian schools today. The aim is to determine whether we can find any traces of colonialism by reviewing how these narratives perform in interrelations within and between the Sámi and Norse pasts, and how the narratives allow for hybridity and heterogeneity. Postcolonial theory turns the narrative into an object of analysis. The findings show that the Sámi material remains are outside the system of cultural change and that the temporal and spatial distances produce binary and homogeneous cultures. New material perspectives can intervene in singular performativity. Learning to enact dynamic material heterogeneity may affect the future of pupils’ participation in cultural negotiations of pastsin present.  相似文献   

比较考古学续笔(四篇)     

李学勤 《山西师大学报(社会科学版)》2003,30(3):5-9

不同地区文化的比较研究，是考古学的一项重要方法。例如近期发表的鄂尔多斯出土的多圈直纹铜镜，与现藏瑞典的得于张北的镜相似，都与殷墟妇好墓的镜有密切关系，说明商文化和北方文化的关系。周至征集的铜人头像，同广汉三星堆的人头像类似，又不全同，是蜀文化传播的线索。鸟鲁木齐出土的铜鍑，类型同于俄罗斯南部以至中欧的鍑，可能与匈奴的迁徙有关。阿富汗席．巴尔甘发现的连弧纹铭文镜，属西汉晚期，更表明当时中外文化交流的畅通。  相似文献   

解读福柯：从“知识考古学”到“系谱学”   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张艳玲 《河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,27(6):27-31

福柯的知识考古学和系谱学就其含义、基本思想有所不同 :知识考古学重深层结构、重知识 ,系谱学重表面细节、重权力。但二者并无性质差别 ,它们都试图从微观的角度重新考察社会历史 ,都试图打断历史连续性的巨大链条 ,倡导非连续性或断续性 ,非连续性或断续性是福柯思想的核心内容  相似文献   

意识形态与政治性话语诉求的认识性装置——对1960年代历史小说的知识考古学分析     

刘成才  郭彩侠 《廊坊师范学院学报》2011,27(5):25-29

1960年代的历史小说表达了作家们在向历史诉求的过程中与小说中的历史人物彼此生死相知以及他们对现实的介入性言说,而这种面向历史的精神旨归和介入现实的话语呈现,又隐约地透露出作家在现实规训下的复杂心态。1960年代的历史小说也成了意识形态与政治话语诉求的认识性装置,从一个侧面显示了权力、制度、意识形态等对文学与人的规训以及这种规训的隐秘成规。  相似文献   

论福柯知识考古学及其意义     

张丽 《鸡西大学学报》2011,11(1):22-24

作为20世纪西方后现代主义文化思想的重要领军人物,福柯独创了一种研究人文科学的哲学方法：知识考古学。福柯的知识考古学认为,知识不是属于＂真理和思想自由＂的客观领域,而是与权力相互指涉、相互生产。所谓对知识的考古,就是考察知识形成的过程和原因。这种知识考古学在今天具有重要意义与启示,它瓦解了西方理性主体的先验地位,为现代性危机提供反思拯救的路径;揭露了西方宏观大写历史的虚伪性,让被总体性历史压抑的＂沉默他者＂发出自己的声音;展示了现代人文社会科学知识形成的复杂冲突机制,击破了西方文化中心论的神话。  相似文献   

中国田野考古行业人才紧缺的现状与反思     

陈天民  陈宁 《科教文汇》2022,(3)

2021年是中国共产党诞生100周年,也是中国现代考古学诞生100周年。在“双百”周年之际,国家提倡要建设中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的考古学。考古学一时风头正盛,迎来了重大的历史机遇。然而,机遇与挑战并存,中国的一线田野考古还处于人才紧缺的现状,同时存在由此引发的种种问题。该文通过获取最新的行业资讯,结合作者自身多年的求学和从业经验,分析中国田野考古行业人才紧缺的主要原因以及由此引发的不良后果,并从制度层面提出了应对的解决策略,以期能够有效促进田野考古人才在社会上的合理流动,改变行业人才紧缺、高校毕业生就业困难的现状。  相似文献   

福柯知识考古学方法论评析     

张之沧 《洛阳师范学院学报》2014,(6):1-7

福柯在反思前人的认识论和方法论的基础上,立足知识考古学、思想史、话语规律,利用语言分析法和后结构主义对人类文化史、知识史、科学史,及有关社会结构、话语背景、概念形成和权力性质进行了透彻分析;并从各个方面对长期统治人类历史的理性、主体性和现代性进行了激烈否定;将以理性和科学为根基的结构主义推到一个历史学和解释学层面,形成一种独到的批判理性主义、逻辑主义和当代仍占统治地位的意识形态的后结构主义;确立了一种具有颠覆性认识价值和多元论特质的知识考古学及其认识论和方法论。  相似文献