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《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2014,15(4):448-457
Many deterioration processes are linked to unsuitable microclimatic condition in cultural buildings. One of the most diffused processes is soluble salts crystallization that can be accelerated in masonry structures within specific microclimatic values for different chemical compounds. In this paper, microclimate and efflorescence diffusion were monitored over a one-year period in the Crypt of the Cathedral of Lecce (South Italy). This allowed to relate the microclimate with the efflorescence variation over time. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was then developed to detail the thermo-hygrometric parameters and airflow patterns responsible for salts crystallization and artworks deterioration. Two main conditions were reproduced; one to simulate the current microclimate, which simulations showed to be inadequate for conservation, and the other to search for a more appropriate solution. In both cases, summer and winter conditions were simulated and compared to find a microclimate able to ensure more suitable thermo-hygrometric intervals required by the constituting artworks materials. The results helped to suggest actions to improve maintenance of the Crypt. 相似文献
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Lucyna Samek Anna De Maeyer-Worobiec Zoya Spolnik Lszl Bencs Velichka Kontozova &#x;ukasz Bratasz Roman Koz&#x;owski Ren Van Grieken 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2007,8(4):361-369
The impact of electric overhead radiant heaters on the microclimate, air flows, transport and deposition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) was monitored between March 2004 and March 2005 in the historic churches of Saint Michael Archangel in Szalowa and Saint Catherine in Cracow (Poland). The measurements show that although irradiation at the floor level increases temperature and reduces relative humidity in the interior of the church, the effect out of the heated zone and for the surfaces sheltered from irradiation is very limited, i.e. their extent is comparable with natural fluctuations inherent to the local climate of the church. The radiant heaters proved to generate little convectional flow of the air. Therefore, the heating system was not found to increase the concentration of SPM indoors; in particular, no re-suspension of particles already present in the church was observed. This work has demonstrated that the overhead radiant heaters are capable of providing localised heat to the areas where people congregate without adversely affecting painted walls and the works of arts displayed in churches. Care, however, should be taken that sensitive works of art are not exposed to the direct infrared radiation. 相似文献
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Terje Grøntoft David Thickett Paul Lankester Stephen Hackney Joyce H. Townsend Kristin Ramsholt 《文物保护研究》2016,61(1):70-82
Air pollution is one of the environmental influences that degrade cultural heritage objects situated indoors. Other essential influences, such as temperature, relative humidity, and light are often well monitored. The presence of air pollutants is less often measured or included in risk assessment. The MEMORI® technology presented in this paper was developed as a tool for easy measurement and assessment of the general risk of degradation of heritage objects situated indoors due to indoor exposure to air pollutants. MEMORI dosimetry was performed in locations belonging to English Heritage and Tate (both located in London) and the National Archives of Norway in Oslo, to assess air quality. The related damage risk for collection objects and the protection offered by display and storage designs was assessed. A high level of acidic effect was observed inside a number of showcases, and a high level of oxidizing effect was observed in some room locations. Relatively simple mitigation measures, such as constructing tightly sealed showcases using low emitting materials, installing active carbon absorbing media inside a ‘microclimate’ frame, and using cardboard storage boxes for paper, significantly improved air quality. Overall, implementation of such measures is likely to improve the preservation of objects and reduce conservation costs. 相似文献
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Francesca Becherini Adriana Bernardi Elisa Frassoldati 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(4):46-476
The microclimatic analysis of the Petrarca's tomb in Arquà Petrarca, Padua (Italy) was performed to assess the suitability of a closed environment located outdoors respect to the conservation requirements of heritage materials. Results showed that the thermo-hygrometric conditions inside the tomb were not suitable for the conservation of organic materials, like bones and wood. The orientation (north or south) was the main responsible for the different damage features of the two sides of the wooden case housing the human remains inside the tomb. Technical solutions were finally implemented to improve the conservation conditions, thus avoiding further damage. 相似文献
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建筑与气候的关系本来应是个不言自明的“话题”。从生态建筑学的角度看,作为人“第三层皮肤”的建筑从产生之初就是为了庇护各种气候下的人流,但是这种自然的关系却往往受到人们的思想观念和滥用技术的影响而被忽视,“顺天应人”的良性循环被破坏,人本身也遭遇不幸,各种城市病、室内病便是应证。文章主要解释了微气候建筑设计的基本概念和设计方法,简要介绍了夏热冬暖地区的微气候建筑设计的设计原则。 相似文献
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低温冻害是柑桔发展的重要限制因子，我国亚热带地域广阔，地形复杂，由于地形、水体、自然小气候的存在和共同作用及受人工栽培的影响，某一定范围能有相对暖和的冬季和相对较高的最低气温，从总体上降低了可能对柑桔经济栽培构成威胁的各级低温的出现频率，因而扩大了亚热带柑桔栽培的分布范围。 相似文献
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Dario Camuffo Emanuela Pagan Adriana Bernardi Francesca Becherini 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2004,5(4):409-416
The impact of lighting, heating and people in re-using historical buildings are discussed for the case study concerning the ceremony room (i.e. the Giant Hall) of a mediaeval palace in Padova. The Hall has substantially four major problems for conservation: (i) the impact of heating, lighting and people when the room is used; (ii) many cracks on the oak panels of the coffered ceiling; (iii) the soiling by dust and soot particles deposited on the frescoes; (iv) the stained glass windows. A microclimate study was performed to know the impact of the environmental variables, and the use of the room, on the artworks preserved inside. The study has proved the impact of the lamps (both incandescence and compact fluorescent lamps) on the ceiling, the penetration of external air in the room, the heat and the moisture released by people, the impact of sunshine through windows and the scatter diagram of the daily cycles in temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). During winter concerts, the strips of lead which are wrapped round the edge of the cut glass pieces in stained glass windows easily drop below the dew point and form condensation, starting corrosion. A discussion concerns the allowed variability, which should not exceed risk thresholds. A safe interval can be established within the area determined by the most frequent T and RH natural cycles. In fact, both of the cycles were compatible with the artefacts, or the artefacts were already damaged to allow the exceeding dimensional changes. Attention should be paid in the variability external to this area, especially approaching or exceeding a limit equal to twice the mode of the natural variability. 相似文献
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温室小气候调控及CO2施肥技术的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在获得大量田间观测资料的基础上,重点分析了温室小气候对蔬菜采收量的影响及ＣＯ２施肥的生态效应和效益,通过动态回归微机学习系统,求解出温室蔬菜栽培的小气候调控及ＣＯ２施一的适宜指标,为人工控制温室小气候提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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Terje Grntoft Marianne Odlyha Peter Mottner Elin Dahlin Susana Lopez-Aparicio Slawomir Jakiela Mikkel Scharff Guillermo Andrade Michal Obarzanowski Morten Ryhl-Svendsen David Thickett Stephen Hackney Jrgen Wadum 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(4):81-419
Pollutants and their potential degradation of paintings have been measured for the first time in microclimate frames (mc-frames), which are used to protect paintings. The pollutants that were measured include both inorganic pollutants, which originate mainly from external sources, and organic pollutants from mainly internal sources. Those originating from the outdoors enter rooms and subsequently mc-frames at a rate depending on the ventilation rates (air exchange rates) of the mc-frames. The concentration of gaseous pollutants emitted within the mc-frames will depend on net emission rates of the materials used to make the mc-frames, their design, and their ventilation rates. In the EU PROPAINT project measurements of gaseous air pollutants and climatic conditions were performed at various locations both inside and outside different state-of-the-art mc-frames. Diffusive passive pollution gas samplers were used together with different types of dosimeters. Results show that the dosimeters respond to either the photo-oxidizing conditions or the level of volatile organic acids in the environments both in the museums and within the mc-frames. Two dosimeters, the Early Warning Organic (EWO) made from a synthetic polymer and the Resin Mastic coated Piezo electric Quartz Crystals (RM-PQC) respond to photo-oxidation and showed higher values outside than inside the mc-frames. Two other dosimeters, the Glass Slide Dosimeter (GSD) and the Lead coated Piezo electric Quartz Crystals (L-PQC) respond to volatile organic acids and yielded higher values inside than outside the mc-frames. This study emphasizes the need for further work to determine environmental damage functions for paintings, in particular for the effects of organic acids. Such information is essential for the evaluation of the protective effects of mc-frames for paintings. The use of mc-frames is increasing and it is very important to know that this protective measure does not introduce new risks. 相似文献
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