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一、家长心理学校：创设家庭教育和谐心理环境的需要
家长和学生之间的关系是学生除了学校之外的最大人际关系场域。家长是儿童的第一任老师,甚至是学生的终身教师。而现在的实际情况却是,家长与学生之间没有达到理想的要求。教师在与家长进行沟通交流的时候,家长说的最多的一个词就是“忙”,一种抱怨之意无形中流露出来。 相似文献
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家长的儿童观,指家长对儿童及其发展的认识和信念。它包括家长对儿童的学习、成长与客观环境和教育之间关系的认以和信念。也包括家长对儿童本身作为家庭和社会的一员,他所处的地位及其与家长的关系的认识和信念。儿童的成长、发展与其所处的环境和教育,究竟存在什么样的关系?有的家长认为,孩子的发展全部取决于成人的教育和灌输。在他们看来,孩子就好像一只容器,你灌输什么,他就接受什么。所以这类家长就特別热衷于对孩子的强化教育,平时对孩子也易表现出过多的干预和控制,即“过度教育”。如有的家长对孩子在家的大小活动样样都要过问.——安排:每天从幼儿园回来 相似文献
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在班级教育实践中,许多班主任费尽苦心,累得精疲力竭,却没有收到好的效果。通过多年的班主任工作,我认为,要提高对学生教育的效果与效率,班主任必须协调好三方面关系,即教育者与被教育者的关系(师生关系、家长与学生关系)、教育者之间关系(教师之间关系、师长关系)、被教育者之间关系(同学之间关系)。教育实践证明,当教师与学生的关系、家长与孩子的关系融洽时,当学生喜欢自己的教师、孩子喜爱自己的家长时,他就会听从教育者(教师、家长)的教育,努力改正自身的缺点。反之,被教育者就会有抵触情绪,拒绝接受教育或对教育者的教育不当回事。因此,教师(包括班主任和所有科任教师)和家长,应当满腔热情地做学生的朋友,及时了 相似文献
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1.认为儿童是社会的一分子,是社会与文化的参与者,是他们自己文化的创造者,是主动的学习者。2.认为教师是幼儿的倾听者、观察者,环境的预备者,活动材料的提供者,幼儿活动的伙伴与向导,幼儿行为的记录者和研究者。3.注重优质的空间设计,努力使环境成为幼儿的“第三位老师”。4.注重幼儿与教师之间、幼儿园与家长之间、教师与教师集体之间关系的建立。5.强调儿童、教师及父母共同分享事物、经验的意义,设置“工作坊”,鼓励儿童用多种多样的方式表达自己对世界的认识。6.考虑到教育的边缘因素,即空间、环境、家长、社区的作用等,其中包含对幼儿… 相似文献
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国内外幼小衔接研究趋势的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近十年来幼小衔接对于儿童发展的重大影响已经受到了国内外研究者的重视,但国内外关于幼小衔接的研究存在诸多差异,国内相关研究与国外相比还存在一定差距.国外研究不仅关注了家长在儿童幼小衔接期中关注的问题,家长对儿童入学准备的认识,而且涉及了家长对幼小衔接的感受,参与幼小衔接的愿望等内容.国内研究主要只是关注了家长对幼小衔接的不正确认识,而且缺乏较大规模的相关调查.虽然国内外研究都涉及了教师对儿童入学准备的期望和对幼小衔接活动的看法,国外相关研究更为具体、深入,而且还比较了教师与家长在儿童入学准备认识上的差异,对幼小教师关于托幼机构与小学之间一致性与连续性的看法进行了考察.此外,国外研究还充分重视幼小衔接中最大利益相关者儿童的情感态度与认知、期望,相比之下国内尚未有这方面的研究,很值得在将来的研究中弥补这方面的空白.对各个利益相关者关于幼小衔接重要问题的认识与情感态度进行比较,尤其是对家长和教师、幼小教师、儿童与成人之间的观点进行比较,将有助于促进不同利益相关者之间的沟通与交流,改善幼小衔接实践,帮助儿童平稳、顺利地度过幼小衔接的关键时期. 相似文献
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亲师关系是家长与教师、家长群体与教师群体之间以青少年儿童为中介,通过社会互动建构的一种社会关系.教师与家长、教师群体与家长群体在互动过程中,由于双方背景、教养观念以及期望值不同而产生诸如合作、配合、冲突、对立等关系状态,影响青少年儿童的发展.同时,它是一个不断变化与发展的过程,不是一次性的讨论或决定,不仅随着时代变化而变化,也随着具体情境的变化而变化.[1]简言之,亲师关系,就是家长与教师之间的关系,其有合作与冲突之分.良好的亲师关系是指教师与家长之间相互合作、相互配合的关系. 相似文献
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家长投入在儿童发展早期阶段具有丰富内涵,包括在家庭、学校、社区合作的情境下家长对早期儿童教育所做的一切贡献。家长投入对儿童,特别是低收入家庭儿童发展的积极意义主要表现在缓冲贫困的消极影响、促进儿童学业成功、改善家庭系统等方面。但低收入家长的投入方式、特点通常与教师预期不一致,其投入教育的动机与信念较弱,缺乏投入子女教育的机会和资源等,都阻碍了低收入家长投入。为此,需要教师、学校与政府将低收入家长作为支持儿童发展的重要资源看待,增强对低收入家庭特点的敏感度,采取适宜的多样化支持策略,与低收入家长建立真正平等的合作关系,共同促进处境不利儿童早期发展。 相似文献
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新《纲要》指出:家庭是幼儿园重要的合作伙伴。应本着尊重、平等、合作的原则,争取家长的理解、支持和主动参与,并积极支持、帮助家长提高教育能力。在幼儿期,对儿童影响最大的是家庭,家园共育可以说是素质教育的立足点。教师要与家长建立平等合作的伙伴关系,共同生成适宜于促进每个幼儿最大限度发展的教育,也就是幼儿园和家长之间要有和谐的家园关系。 相似文献
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The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore how families negotiate their perspectives with US teachers regarding school. The cases of three Korean and two Chinese preschoolers were examined through semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews with parents and teachers. Observations of the families at home and the children and teachers at school were conducted to add additional context to the interviews. Findings illuminated feelings that conflicted within each participant. Parents were found to have conflicting views between desiring their child to learn the English language yet expressing concern over what they believe was too much acculturation due to English language acquisition. Teachers were found to value international parents, yet felt it was difficult to communicate with parents and unsure of how to welcome them into the classroom. Findings from this study broaden understandings of families from diverse cultures and promote efforts to establish cooperative partnerships between parents and teachers. 相似文献
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‘We are the professionals’: a study of teachers’ views on parental involvement in school 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Unn‐Doris Karlsen Bæck 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2010,31(3):323-335
The study examines teachers’ attitudes and experiences regarding home–school cooperation. Teachers constitute a powerful group in school compared with parents, and this relationship is interpreted through Bourdieu’s concept of social field, as a power relation. The empirical analyses are based on a mixed‐methods approach with survey and qualitative interviews among teachers in Norway. The results show that while teachers experience the interaction in a positive way, they try to limit parents’ influence through emphasising their own professionalism, thus leaving parents with the role as supporters. Teachers who relate to well‐educated parents are especially conscious of maintaining a distance towards the parents in order to keep them in their place. 相似文献
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《Ethnography and Education》2013,8(3):273-288
The present article explores home–school relations by analyzing how Swedish teachers and parents negotiate responsibility for children's education and rearing through school letters. It draws on participant observations using a video camera in families, interviews with parents, and analysis of school letters written by teachers to parents. The division of public and private responsibility for children is negotiated in terms of expertise. Teachers position themselves as ‘educational experts’, and are able to prescribe how parents are supposed to be involved in children's education. Teachers construct parents as ‘rearing experts’, and ask them to take responsibility for their children's behavior in school by disciplining them at home. The prescribed parental subject is adopted by parents, particularly mothers, as they position themselves as involved parents. 相似文献
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家庭作业是连接家校的重要桥梁,也是引发家校冲突的重要因素。本文以家庭作业检查为切入口,分析冲突中教师的行为与动机,查探教师实施家校合作活动的能力和态度,并以此提升家校共育实效。通过对我国东部某S市820位义务教育阶段教师进行调查后发现:(1)教师应对家校冲突问题的行为表现总体较好,主张对话化解冲突。(2)教师对待家长个人意见态度矛盾,徘徊于"服务提供商"和"专业人员"身份定位之间。(3)教师认可作业检查的本质在育人,但部分教师动机水平较低。(4)教师关注学生自主能力培养,赞同家长灵活参与作业检查。对此,学校需要建立机制,提供有效支持与指导;教师需要与家长有效对话,积极承担教育职责;家长需要信任教师,有效发挥监督功能。 相似文献
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Young children may experience stress from changes in their lives. These changes may be developmental, critical, or catastrophic.
Early childhood educators need to establish partnerships with parents to help families cope with all three types of changes.
Teachers can facilitate children's emotional expressions, build understanding through the use of dramatic play, provide a
stable routine, monitor post-traumatic play, and discuss events that affect individual children, the entire class, or the
community. Teachers can also serve as a resource to families by providing books for parents and children, and building a referal
file of agencies and helping professionals. 相似文献
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Karen Rattenborg Aimée Kleisner Walker Jan Miller-Heyl 《Early education and development》2019,30(3):315-336
Research Findings: This study examined correlates of parents’ reported school engagement in an ethnically diverse, rural sample (N = 346) of parents and teachers in kindergarten through Grade 2. Of particular interest were role expectations and family–school relationships in American Indian families, who historically have been marginalized by schools. In terms of role expectations, parents and teachers agreed that they should support each other’s roles, parents should have more responsibility than schools for teaching social skills, and families and schools should have shared responsibility for children’s academic success. Teachers had higher expectations than parents for parent engagement, which in turn was greater when parent–teacher communication was more frequent and the school climate was more welcoming. American Indian parents more strongly endorsed a separation of family and school roles and felt less welcomed at school; ethnicity moderated correlates of reported parent engagement. Practice or Policy: These findings have practical promise given that parent–teacher communication, school climate, and role expectations are more easily altered than are structural barriers that also may hinder parents’ involvement in supporting their children’s early education. 相似文献
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刘士文 《江西教育学院学报》2014,(4):81-84
每个人都自觉或不自觉地在社会中进行比较,这种比较产生了个人行为动力。普遍存在的比较竞争动力应用在教学中能有效提高学生的学习成效。教师在引导学生之间的比较竞争时应使两个比较竞争学生之间的差距适度。差距太大将使学生放弃努力,差距太小则学生不努力。教师还应引导学生渐进提高、多元化比较、学会合作,以取得全面进步。比较竞争能普遍运用于素质教育的各个方面,并能应用于家长和教师的激励以及教学管理。 相似文献
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论虚拟社区中的青少年行为与心理 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
何小明 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,39(4):146-151
虚拟社区是一个供人们围绕某种兴趣或需求集中进行交流的地方。它通过网络，以在线的方式让参与该社区的会员彼此之间进行交流、沟通和分享信息。虚拟社区使人们的社会互动超越时空的限制，会员之间获得较大的自由空间，容易导致部分青少年的行为偏差和心理障碍。因此，应教会青少年处理好多元化的人际关系，帮助他们明确生活目标，搞好学习规划。教师和家长对青少年上网也要加强引导，做好适度的规范与约束。各级组织也要加强网络设施的管理，全力为青少年提供健康、完善的上网环境。 相似文献
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Jennifer V. Rotigel 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2003,30(4):209-214
Young children who are gifted or talented share special characteristics that impact on the way they learn and develop. Teachers and parents need to consider the unique needs of each child as they plan ways to nurture and educate these youngsters. Concerns such as uneven development, the need for acceleration and/or enrichment, appropriate socialization and peer interactions, and modification of the curriculum are some of the topics discussed. Suggestions for teachers and parents are included along with a variety of resources. 相似文献