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运动损伤的心理反应与康复 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
1 引言 人们已越来越清楚地认识到,受伤运动员的健康恢复应包括对运动员身心两方面创伤的系统治疗。运动医学的发展已使许多受伤运动员的身体康复时间大为缩短,而运动员的心理康复往往远远落后于身体健康。本文拟就运动员受伤后的心理反应与心理康复策略初步探索。 相似文献
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目的是通过分析当前康复心理学的研究态势,了解康复心理在体育领域中的应用情况,为康复心理学在体育领域的发展提供适当的渠道和方向。结合前人的相关研究基础,提出未来我国运动康复心理研究可以从以下四个方面着手:一是疼痛的研究;二是有关持续同一种运动损伤重返赛场的心理研究;三是对同质的受伤运动员进行群体研究;四是研究对象可以是残疾运动员的心理康复。 相似文献
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杨三军 《沈阳体育学院学报》2015,(2):92-98
研究背景:在运动员的损伤康复过程中用心理综合问卷测量疼痛等级、与康复锻炼活动的关系。研究对象:通过分析1 034名田径运动员前交叉韧带手术后疼痛的波动情况,讨论了疼痛与运动损伤的心理反应有关的个人及环境变量之间的关系。研究方法:主要采用分层线性模型针对运动损伤康复时间对运动员损伤疼痛的影响、所从事的康复活动对运动员损伤疼痛的影响、个人特征对运动损伤疼痛的影响及其运动员个人特征、每日活动及疼痛的关系等问题进行探讨。结果:表明分层线性模型在分析运动员损伤手术后的康复过程中疼痛预测因子方面有着积极作用,为康复专家更科学地指导运动员恢复提供了理论依据和数据支持。 相似文献
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运动损伤对女子排球运动员训练、比赛心理的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对优秀女子排球运动员进行调查 ,研究运动员受伤后的心理变化 ,使教练员能正确对待运动员的伤病 ,并在康复后正确地引导她们完成训练和比赛任务。 相似文献
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许多冬季项目都具有比较高的损伤风险,如单板滑雪、高山滑雪和自由式滑雪等。如何帮助这些高风险项目的运动员应对运动损伤的挫折和康复治疗的挑战,是备战北京冬奥会面临的重要课题。研究介绍了心理保障团队如何帮助一位中国自由式滑雪空中技巧受伤运动员LGZ应对康复困难并重返国际比赛的心理康复历程。基于中国运动员心理建设系统,为LGZ的心理康复训练制订了三重目标:1)减少运动损伤的心理应激,积极参与康复治疗,尽早回归正常的训练和比赛;2)提高自我控制能力,形成良好的行为习惯,以平稳的心态参加训练和比赛;3)提升文化素养和精神境界,不断完善自我,促进终生发展。从2017年2月—2018年2月,在历时1年的心理训练中,共对其进行了5种心理干预:提供心理支持、实施表象训练、开展心理讲座、制订比赛预案和提供心理咨询;还通过心理测试来监控运动员的心理状态,并采用运动员个人评价、主管教练评价和竞技比赛表现来评估心理训练的效果。在为期1年的心理训练结束时,这名运动员逐渐克服了运动损伤所带来的焦虑,建立了伤后康复的自信,提高了自我控制的能力,并在平昌冬奥会上取得了她个人的最佳成绩,获得了冬奥会奖牌。这一案例提示我们“术道兼修”的心理训练具有一定成效,也带给我们许多反思。 相似文献
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运动损伤不仅影响运动员的身体、心理、训练、竞技和生活质量,甚至会导致他们提前结束职业生涯。传统的运动损伤康复方式主要侧重于生理过程,而将心理和社会过程与生物性疾病分隔开,很少从多个方面对运动员的健康进行考虑,尤其是在心理康复方面,往往被低估和忽视。为了帮助受伤运动员更好地预防、管理和康复运动损伤,本研究对运动康复的综合模型和生物心理社会模型进行对比研究。研究结果显示,两种主流的理论模型——综合模型和生物心理社会模型,虽然在某些方面存在差异,但它们都为研究运动损伤康复的多维因素提供了有力的理论支持,表明运动损伤康复不仅仅是生理功能的恢复,更关乎心理和社会的康复。这两种模型自提出以来已有20多年,对于现在的研究发现,在某些方面它们还存在不足,尚未明确解释生物、心理和社会三者之间的相互作用路径。未来有必要将这两个模型整合,形成一个更为全面的理论框架,进一步完善和调整,并结合定量与定性的研究方法深入探讨它们在运动损伤康复中的核心机制和路径,以更好地支持实践。 相似文献
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李山 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2007,25(3)
回顾运动损伤心理学研究历程,利用相关心理学理论与模型,对运动损伤中的心理因素进行过程化分析。研究表明。通过心理调试与训练可积极预防运动损伤,运动员运动损伤后康复过程中施加心理治疗与干预措施,有助于运动损伤后的心理康复。 相似文献
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运动损伤是各项体育运动中都需直面的难题之一,它的出现给运动员带来了巨大的生理及心理上的挑战,如何正确对待和处理运动损伤,使在运动员身心两方面得到最快的健康恢复,已经越来越受到广大体育工作者的重视。文章主要运用文献资料法、观察法、访谈法针对运动损伤后的心理变化进行分析,并在此基础上提出了相应的康复措施,旨在为运动员伤后快速恢复提供参考。 相似文献
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Maria Claudia Pinheiro Nuno Pimenta Rui Resende Dominic Malcolm 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(4):435-450
The growing competitiveness of modern sport means that children, from very early ages, are increasingly submitted to intensive training programmes. These programmes are problematic for young athletes not only because their developing bodies are particularly susceptible to different kinds of injuries, but because athletes are also particularly vulnerable to experiences of different kinds of abuses. Using data collected through semi-structured interviews this study examines the various kinds of abuse that former Portuguese female gymnasts underwent during their sporting careers. Interviewees were asked to reflect on their past experiences and discuss aspects of the gymnastics subculture. Weight control, training/competing with injuries and corporal punishment emerged as key themes. The study therefore shows that the physical and psychological abuse of young athletes occurs even beyond the confines of elite professional sport, and thus that a broader spectrum of athletes learn to consider these forms of exploitation and abuse as normal. 相似文献
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文章主要运用运动训练学、运动生理学、运动创伤学、运动心理学等多学科理论,结合网球运动的特点,对我国优秀男子网球运动员运动损伤的现状进行调查研究,着重分析运动损伤发生的原因、规律以及预后效果等,以为实现我国男子网球运动训练的科学化,提高我国男子网球运动员的运动水平,延长运动寿命,提供相应的科学指导。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):274-282
Abstract Injuries are common among athletes, and are sometimes so severe that they affect an athlete's career in sport. As studies on sport career termination are few, we conducted a study to investigate the role of injuries as a reason for ending a sport career. The study group consisted of 574 male and female top-level cross-country skiers, swimmers, long-distance runners and soccer players who responded to a retrospective postal questionnaire in 2006. Twenty-seven athletes (4.9%, 27/548) reported ending their sport career because of injury. A follow-up interview was conducted by telephone in 2007 (n=20 volunteered to be interviewed) to confirm sport career termination and the reasons for this. Fifteen of the interviewed athletes terminated and five continued their sport on the same level as earlier. Female athletes (12/15) terminated their sport career more frequently than male athletes (3/15). Athletes who reported terminating their sport career because of injury were on average two and a half years older (24.1 years vs. 21.6 years, P=0.006) than athletes who continued the sport. All the swimmers (n=5) who were interviewed terminated their career because of a shoulder injury. All the soccer players who ended their career (n=4) were female and had a severe knee injury, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury. Most of the athletes who terminated their sport career (70.4%, 19/27) reported that the injury caused them mild or moderate permanent disability. We found that sports injuries play a significant role in terminating a career in sport, and in some sports events injuries may commonly be the main reason for sport career termination. Injury prevention and adequate treatment and rehabilitation of injuries are thus essential to avoid the long-term consequences of severe sport injuries. 相似文献
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Kristina Fagher Anna Forsberg Jenny Jacobsson Toomas Timpka Örjan Dahlström Jan Lexell 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1240-1249
Our knowledge of sports-related injuries in para-sport is limited and there are no data on how Paralympic athletes themselves perceive an injury. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore Paralympic athletes’ perceptions of their experiences of sports-related injuries, risk factors and preventive possibilities. Eighteen Swedish Paralympic athletes with vision impairment, intellectual impairment, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele, dysplasia and neuromuscular disorder, representing 10 different para-sports, were interviewed. The qualitative phenomenographic method was used to interpret the data. The analysis revealed nine categories of perceptions of experiences. The athletes perceived that their impairments were involved in the cause and consequential chains associated with a sports-related injury. Other categories that denoted and described these injuries were: sport overuse, risk behaviour, functional limitations, psychological stressors, the normalised pain, health hazards, individual possibilities to prevent sports-related injuries and unequal prerequisites. This qualitative study revealed that Paralympic athletes’ perceptions of their experiences of sports-related injuries are complex and multifactorial, and in several ways differ from able-bodied athletes. This needs to be considered in the sports health and safety work within the Paralympic Movement as well as in the design of future injury surveillance systems and preventive programmes. 相似文献
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高水平运动队是代表各个省、市、乃至一个国家的精神风貌和民族荣誉,它的健康成长是我国体育可持续的基本的要求。对优秀运动员来说,竞技心理素质是保证。随着现代体育竞赛的日趋激烈,一方面,优秀运动员的竞技心理对运动成绩的影响越来越凸显,另一方面,优秀运动员的竞技心理障碍更频繁产生。本文通过采用文献综述的形式对国内外运动心理学的一个研究现状及其在高水平运动员领域中的应用进行简单描述,希望能找出国内外运动心理学领域的一个差距,以更好地运用到实际的高水平运动训练和比赛中。 相似文献
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随着武术散打技术和战术的发展,散打运动员的心理训练也在不断提高,在各种比赛中,赛前心理训练占有非常重要的地位。武术散打运动是人体直接接触的对抗性项目,就是在攻击和防守的训练过程中来锻炼运动员的身体和意志。实践证明,运动技术的不断提高,运动水平相互接近,相互间争夺的更加激烈,被称为第二技术的心理训练已是不可缺少的组成部分,它直接影响运动员的运动生命和参赛的胜负,心理训练已成为提高运动员成绩的重要途径之一,也是摆在教练工作中的重要的任务。因此,教练员应提高重视,加强比赛前的心理训练。 相似文献
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Leonard M. Ridini 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):674-683
Abstract Junior high school boys (N=181) took part in this study. There were 91 athletes and 90 nonathletes who took five psychological function tests2 and eight sport skill tests to determine (a) whether differences existed in selected psychological functions and selected sport skills between junior high school boy athletes and nonathletes, (b) the degree of relationship between psychological functions and sport skills, (c) the implementation of a six-multiple variation equation in predicting probable individual sport skill scores, and (d) the degree of relationship between a long and short form psychological functions test and a long and short form sport skills test. The Stoelting visual reaction timer apparatus was used to test for simple reaction time. The Howard-Dolman apparatus was used to test for depth perception. The McClure perimeter was used to test for peripheral vision left eye, right eye, and total angle. The sport skill tests used were soccer combination skills and volley; basketball dribble shoot and volley; volleyball volley and serve; and baseball volley and repeat throws. Significant differences existed on all psychological function tests and sport skill tests between athletes and nonathletes, in favor of athletes. The psychological function tests were independent of each other except for peripheral vision total angle with right eye and left eye. There was a low to moderate relationship between the psychological functions and the sport skills. The six-variable multiple R regression equation had a 70 percent predictive accuracy on individual scores for each sport skill test. The short form psychological functions test and the short form sport skills test could replace their respective long forms. The short form psychological functions test could moderately predict sport skill performance in the sport skill areas selected. 相似文献