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1.
The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the n-butanol extract of Rubus parvifolius L. (RPL), a widely used medicinal plant, were evaluated. Results demonstrated that RPL extract possessed pronounced hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in mice, which was at least partially attributed to its strong antioxidant capacity. Treatment with RPL extract markedly attenuated the increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels caused by CCl4 intoxication. It also significantly prevented the decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content of liver tissue. Meanwhile, histopathological changes of hepatic damage were also remarkably ameliorated. Phytochemical analysis based on high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) revealed the presence of various phenolic compounds, including caffeic acid conjugates, ellagic acid glycosides, and flavonol glycosides, which might be responsible for the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of RPL.  相似文献   

2.
Objective： The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has markedly increased. Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This study was aimed at observing the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD, and evaluating the role of pioglitazone （PGZ） acting as insulin-sensitizing agents in the prevention and treatment of rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding. Methods： The rats were separated randomly into 6 groups： model group Ⅰ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks, PGZ prevention group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） simultaneously, while control group Ⅰ were fed normal food for 8 weeks; model group Ⅱ were fed high fat diet for 16 weeks, PGZ treatment group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） orally simultaneous with high fat diet for 8 weeks after high fat feeding for 8 weeks, control group Ⅱ were fed normal food for 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively. Liver weight, body weight, serum activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting plasma insulin （FINS）, HOMA （homeostasis model assessment） insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR）, and the liver histology of rats of all groups were assayed. Results： After 8 weeks, the liver in model group Ⅰ showed typical steatosis, accompanied with mild to moderate lobular inflammatory cell infiltration, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.05） compared with control group Ⅰ. Whereas, the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in PGZ prevention group, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, ALP were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） compared with model group Ⅰ. After 16 weeks, notable steatosis, and lobular inflammation were observed in model group Ⅱ rat liver, while the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in the PGZ treatment group. Liver index, serum levels ofALT, AST, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly increased （P〈0.05） in model group Ⅱ compared with control group Ⅱ. Whereas, in PGZ treatment group, serum levels of AST and FINS showed decreasing tendency, liver indexes, serum levels of ALT, ALP, TNF-α and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased compared with model group Ⅱ. Conclusion： Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in rats. Pioglitazone can attenuate insulin resistance and biochemical and histological injury in high fat-induced fatty liver in rats.  相似文献   

3.
Blueberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which are associated with health benefits contributing to a reduced risk for many diseases. The present study identified the functional Gardenblue blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) anthocyanin extracts (GBBAEs) and evaluated their capacity and underlying mechanisms in protecting murine RAW 264.7 cells from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation in vitro. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit results showed that GBBAEs significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and interferon-γ (INF-γ). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis indicated that the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) were suppressed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the relative protein expression levels of COX-2 and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κBp65). All these results suggested the potential use of GBBAEs as a functional food for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.  相似文献   

4.
The signaling pathway for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and its receptors is up-regulated during extracorporeal circulation (ECC), and recruits blood neutrophil into the lung tissue, which results in acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we evaluated the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) in ECC-induced ALI by blocking TNF-α binding to TNFR1 with CAY10500. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated intravenously with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or vehicle (0.3 ml ethanol IV) or CAY10500, and then underwent ECC for 2 h. The oxygenation index (OI) and pulmonary inflammation were assessed after ECC. OI was significantly decreased, while TNF-α and neutrophil in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma TNF-α increased after ECC. Pretreatment of CAY10500 decreased plasma TNF-α level, but did not decrease TNF-α levels and neutrophil counts in BALF or improve OI. Lung histopathology showed significant alveolar congestion, infiltration of the leukocytes in the airspace, and increased thickness of the alveolar wall in all ECC-treated groups. CAY10500 pretreatment slightly reduced leukocyte infiltration in lungs, but did not change the wet/dry ratio in the lung tissue. Blocking TNF-α binding to TNFR1 by CAY10500 intravenously slightly mitigates pulmonary inflammation, but cannot improve the pulmonary function, indicating the limited role of TNFR1 pathway in circulating inflammatory cell in ECC-induced ALI.  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察脂肪肝大鼠在生化、病理、脂肪代谢、细胞因子、胰岛素及瘦素各方面指标的变化.方法:雄性Wistar大鼠22只,按体重层次随机分为2组,对照组(A)11只,脂肪肝组(B)11只.对照组饲以普通鼠饲料,脂肪肝组饲以高脂饲料.8周后,全部处死,取血及肝组织,测定血中AIT、AST、TG、CHO、INS、FBS、FFA、Ieptin、II-6、TNF.肝组织匀浆测定肝组织TC,TG,SOD、MDA,观察肝脏组织学变化.结果:脂肪肝大鼠存在明显脂肪代谢紊乱,肝功能异常,胰岛素抵抗及瘦素表达增高;细胞因子升高.结论:实验性高脂饮食脂肪肝大鼠存在瘦素抵抗及胰岛素抵抗.  相似文献   

6.
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7.
A total of 50 does were used to determine selected hematological and biochemical parameters with special references to oxidative stress markers,acute phase protein profiles,and proinflammatory cytokines in healthy and gangrenous mastitis affected does.Animals were divided into two equal groups represented as clinically healthy(control) and diseased groups,respectively.The bacteriological examination of milk samples from diseased does revealed many types of bacterial infection.The isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus(N=23/25),Escherichia coli(N=11/25),and Clostridium perfringens(N=4/25).There was a significant increase in the levels of β-hydroxybutyrate,non-esterified free fatty acids,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase,and alanine aminotransferase and a significant reduction in the levels of glucose,cholesterol,and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) in does with gangrenous mastitis compared to healthy does.Moreover,there was a significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and uric acid with a significant decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione,super oxide dismutase,and catalase in does with gangrenous mastitis compared to healthy does.In addition,there was a significant increase in the haptoglobin,serum amyloid A,fibrinogen,interleukin 6(IL-6),IL-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in does with gangrenous mastitis compared to healthy ones.Conclusively,oxidative stress biomarkers,acute phase proteins,and proinflammatory cytokines play an essential task as biomarkers for gangrenous mastitis in does.Mastitis may be considered as one of the ketotic stressors in does after parturition.  相似文献   

8.
Li  Jun  Luo  Limin  Zhang  Yonggang  Dong  Xiao  Dang  Shuyi  Guo  Xiaogang  Ding  Wenhui 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2022,23(12):1014-1027
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B - In this study, we explored how adiponectin mediated urotensin II (UII)-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and α-smooth muscle actin...  相似文献   

9.

Objective

Bovine endometritis is one of the most common reproductive disorders in cattle. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammation potential of punicalagin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) and to uncover the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

bEECs were stimulated with different concentrations (1, 10, 30, 50, and 100 μg/ml) of LPS for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 h. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability and to identify the conditions for inflammatory injury and effective concentrations of punicalagin. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to assess gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Western blotting was used to assess levels of inflammation-related proteins.

Results

Treatment of bEECs with 30 μg/ml LPS for 12 h induced cell injury and reduced cell viability. Punicalagin (5, 10, or 20 μg/ml) pretreatment significantly decreased LPS-induced productions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in bEECs. Molecular research showed that punicalagin inhibited the activation of the upstream mediator nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by suppressing the production of inhibitor κBα (IκBα) and phosphorylation of p65. Results also indicated that punicalagin can suppress the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK).

Conclusions

Punicalagin may attenuate LPS-induced inflammatory injury and provide a potential option for the treatment of dairy cows with Escherichia coli endometritis.
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10.
目的 研究氟对人胎肝细胞脂质过氧化的影响。方法 体外培养的人胎肝细胞接触不同浓度的氟化钠24小时后,检测人胎肝细胞脂质过氧化物(LPO)水平、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及培养液中LPO、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)的活性。结果 各氟染毒组培养液中LDH和AST活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);细胞内和培养液中LPO水平升高(P<0.01),细胞内GSH含量则明显下降(P<0.01)。结论 氟可使人胎肝细胞脂质过氧化水平升高和CSH含量下降,并且二者均呈现明显的剂量-效应关系。  相似文献   

11.
目的探讨血浆总同型半胱氨酸（tHCY）含量在肝硬化疾病的临床价值。方法测定并分析47例肝硬化患者及55例健康者血浆tHCY含量,以及肝硬化患者血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、总胆红素（TBIL）、胆碱酯酶（CHE）、白蛋白（ALB）、前白蛋白（PALB）、葡萄糖（GLU）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）含量、血浆中20种氨基酸水平。结果肝硬化患者血浆tHCY水平（12.98±3.73μmol/L）与正常对照组（10.29±1.96）μmol/L相比有所升高,差异有统计学意义,肝硬化Child-pugh C级患者中HCY水平明显升高（14.96±4.74μmol/L）,与对照组、肝硬化Child-pugh A级患者、肝硬化Child-pugh B级患者相比差异具有统计学意义。tHCY变化与血清ALT、AST、ALB、TBIL、PALB、BUN、Cr、BCAA/AAA无相关性,而与氨基酸分析中蛋氨酸（MET）成正相关,且具有统计学意义。结论 HCY可作为评价肝硬化病情严重程度的一项新的生化指标。  相似文献   

12.
目的：探讨大鼠类风湿性关节炎（RA）动物模型的制备、病理组织学观察及血清细胞因子IL-1、TNF-α检测。方法：以实验大鼠为对象,Ⅱ型胶原（CII）和完全弗氏佐剂（Complete Freund＇s Adjuvant,CFA）混合注射,不同时间点实验组大鼠（O、7、14、28、42d）所获得血样用于做IL-1、TNF-α检测,膝关节标本进行组织病理学研究。结果：模型组血清IL-1、TNF-α在急性期增高明显,与对照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。模型组关节组织标本观察到滑膜组织增生,其局部骨吸收破坏明显,软骨表层胶原纤维溶解、软骨细胞变性坏死,软骨表面凹凸不平。结论：采用异种CII与CFA制备的RA模型,可以用于RA组织病理学、发病机理及治疗方面的研究。  相似文献   

13.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the degree of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with morbid obesity exposed to a three-week low-calorie diet and balneotherapy.

Methods

The study included 33 patients (25 females and 8 males; mean age 46 years) with body mass index (BMI) values of >40 kg/m2. Evaluations of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, lipid profile, HOMA-IR, and fasting glucose were carried out before (baseline data) and three weeks after the treatment. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers (15 females and 5 males) with a mean age of 39 years and BMI values of ≤24.9 kg/m2.

Results

In the blood of patients with morbid obesity we found significantly elevated levels of CRP, TNF-α, triglycerides, HOMA-IR and fasting glucose, but a decreased level of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, compared with the healthy individuals. The treatment resulted in about a 9.4% reduction in body weight from 122.5 to 111.0 kg and a significant decrease in the concentration of CRP, but no change in TNF-α or IL-6. HOMA-IR was significantly reduced.

Conclusion

The decrease in CRP level without changes in TNF-α or IL-6 concentrations after the low-calorie diet and balneological treatment, suggests that an essential amount of adipose tissue must be removed before proper adipocyte function is restored. The decrease in HOMA-IR indicates an improvement in insulin sensitivity, which is beneficial in obese patients.
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14.
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic compound, is abundant in fruits, dietary vegetables, and some medicinal herbs. This study investigated the prevention of CGA against acetaminophen (AP)-induced hepatotoxicity and its engaged mechanisms. CGA reversed the decreased cell viability induced by AP in L-02 cells in vitro. In addition, CGA reduced the AP-induced increased serum levels of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) in vivo. The effect of CGA on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymatic (CYP2E1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4) activities showed that CGA caused very little inhibition on CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 enzymatic activities, but not CYP3A4. The measurement of liver malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione (GSH) levels showed that CGA prevented AP-induced liver oxidative stress injury. Further, CGA increased the AP-induced decreased mRNA expression of peroxiredoxin (Prx) 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, epoxide hydrolase (Ephx) 2, and polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide K (Polr2k), and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In summary, CGA ameliorates the AP-induced liver injury probably by slightly inhibiting CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 enzymatic properties. In addition, cellular important antioxidant signals such as Prx1, 2, 3, 5, 6, Ephx2, Polr2k, and Nrf2 also contributed to the protection of CGA against AP-induced oxidative stress injury.  相似文献   

15.
目的为进一步探讨细胞因子在类风湿关节炎中的作用．方法５０只ＳＤ大鼠以完全弗氏佐剂（ＦＣＡ）形成ＡＡ动物模型．随机分为Ⅰ组（２周）、Ⅱ组（３周）、Ⅲ组（４周）、Ⅳ组（８周）以及Ⅴ组（正常对照）．分别对各组大鼠血清前炎症细胞因子ＴＮＦ－α、ＩＬ－６以及抑制性细胞因子 ＩＬ－４、 ＩＬ－ １０水平进行测定（ＥＬＩＳＡ法）．同时检查炎症指标血沉（ＥＳＲ）、关节肿胀度、病理切片，所有结果进行对比并做动态分析．结果ＡＡ大鼠Ⅰ－Ⅲ组ＥＳＲ水平及关节肿胀度与对照组均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＴＮＦ－α组水平各组均高于正常（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＩＬ－６水平Ⅱ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）、Ⅲ组高于正常；ＩＬ－４水平Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组低于正常组，Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组高于正常组，但均无显著性意义；与正常组比较，ＩＬ－１０水平Ⅰ组（Ｐ＜０．００１）、Ⅱ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）、Ⅲ组均低于正常，Ⅳ组高于正常组并有非常显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）；细胞因子动态观察结果，ＴＮＦ－α、ＩＬ－ ６水平随急性期（第２周）开始而升高，高峰水平随急性期过去（第８周）而下降．而调节性因子ＩＬ－４、ＩＬ－１０高峰时间滞后于炎症因子，并随慢性期延长而升高．结论ＡＡ大?  相似文献   

16.
探索了将较为成熟的科研成果"文蛤酶解产物防醉解酒"的科研实验设计转化成药理学综合教学实验。以工艺成熟的文蛤酶解产物为评价对象,采用白酒灌胃的方式建立小鼠中剂量饮酒模型,疲劳转棒仪评价文蛤酶解产物对饮酒造成的小鼠平衡失调的缓减作用;建立高剂量饮酒模型,以翻正实验观察文蛤酶解产物的防醉解酒效果,同时测定血液及肝组织相关生化指标,光学显微镜下观察小鼠肝脏组织病理学变化。该实验可帮助学生巩固实验动物的捉、拿、固定、灌胃等基本操作,掌握醉酒模型评价实验的一般思路与方法,促进学生掌握生化分析、病理学切片等综合实验技能,提高分析数据及团队协作能力,符合国家对创新性人才的培养需求。  相似文献   

17.
对购买的永川秀芽进行SD大鼠胃损伤预防效果评价．通过建立动物模型,研究永川秀芽对胃损伤预防效果．结果表明：高浓度的永川秀芽比低浓度茶降低了血清中IL-6和TNF—α炎症细胞因子水平;永川秀芽处理组大鼠胃黏膜组织的SOD和GSH—Px活力高于对照组,接近正常组;用1000mg／kg永川秀芽灌胃后表现出最强的胃损伤抑制效果．综合分析表明,一定质量分数的永川秀芽具有较好的胃损伤预防效果．  相似文献   

18.
肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）是由激活的单核/巨噬细胞和细胞毒T淋巴细胞等分泌产生的一种多效性细胞因子,在炎症反应、细胞凋亡和细胞坏死等过程中起重要的调控作用。研究表明,高分泌水平的TNF-α参与了机体造血的负向调控,并对骨髓造血干/祖细胞的破坏起重要作用。本文重点就TNF-α介导的细胞死亡对机体造血的影响以及TNF-α在再障发病方面的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

19.
Objective:High body mass index (BMI) is considered as the most important risk factor for elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration. This study examined an array of factors, including waist circumference (WC) and folate deficiency, which may mediate the association of BMI with serum ALT concentration in Chinese hypertensive adults without known hepatic diseases. Methods:A multicenter, cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 378 patients with mild or moderate hypertension and without known hepatic diseases were recruited from five hospitals in Harbin, Shanghai, Beijing, Xi’an, and Nanjing. Results:Of the 360 hypertensive patients with complete data in our final analysis, 13.6% had high ALT concentrations (>40 IU/L). Factors including BMI, WC, triglyceride level, and folate concentration were associated with ALT concentration in univariate analysis. Consistently higher prevalence rates of elevated ALT were observed in subjects with lower folate concentrations (≥12 vs. <12 nmol/L, 9.9% vs. 17.8%, P=0.03), with higher BMI (≥28 vs. <28 kg/m2, 21.5% vs. 11.4%, P=0.02) or higher WC (≥90 vs. <90 cm, 18.5% vs. 10.0%, P=0.02). However, in multivariate analysis, the association between BMI and ALT concentration disappeared (P=0.802 in males and 0.369 in females), while WC in females (P<0.001) and folate concentration (P=0.036 in males and 0.044 in females) remained as significant predictors for ALT concentration. Conclusions:This multicenter study demonstrated that WC and low folate concentration were important factors underlying the association between BMI and ALT concentrations in Chinese hypertensive adults without known hepatic diseases.  相似文献   

20.
Background and objective:Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome(HSOS) is characterized by painful hepatomegaly,ascites,increased body weight,and jaundice.Gynura segetum(Compositae),a plant widely used in Chinese traditional medicine,often leads to the development of HSOS.However,the mechanism is unclear.The aim was to study the role of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the onset of HSOS induced by Gynura segetum.Methods:Twenty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.Twenty were exposed to 600 mg/kg daily Gynura segetum extract solution for three weeks;five control rats were exposed to tap water alone.Liver sections were evaluated by light microscopy with a modified scoring system.Routine transmission electron microscopy(TEM) methods were used to evaluate the ultrastructual features of fixed liver tissue,and blood samples were collected to determine liver enzyme concentrations.MMP-9 expression was assessed by both immunohistochemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) methods.Results:A stable and reproducible rat model of HSOS was achieved by long-term exposure to Gynura segetum extract.The treated rats presented clinical symptoms and the histopathological manifestation of HSOS,including abnormal liver enzyme concentrations(alanine aminotransferase(ALT):(84.8±13.62) vs.(167.0±72.63) U/L,P<0.05;aspartate aminotransferase(AST):(27.6±6.31) vs.(232.8±108.58) U/L,P<0.05).Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining and TEM together revealed deposition of red blood cells,the damage and destruction of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells,collapse of hepatic sinusoids,hemorrhage of subendothelial cells,atrophy and destruction of hepatocytes,etc.Compared with controls,the expression of MMP-9 in the blood sample,the lung and liver tissues of HSOS rats was increased.Conclusions:MMP-9 may have an important role in early pathological changes of HSOS,and thus the onset of the disease.  相似文献   

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