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1.
以普通男性大学生和体育运动学校男性学生为研究对象 ,以 V O2 max为心血管功能指标 ,以 12 min跑为有氧耐力指标 ,用所测得的 3种不同高度的台阶试验后即刻心率、恢复期 0～2 10 s中不同时段心率恢复速度 (斜率 )与 V O2 max、12 min跑和台阶试验指数进行相关性研究。结果显示 :心率恢复速度 (斜率 )与 12 m in跑、台阶指数相关程度较高 ;即刻心率与 V O2 m ax、12min跑、台阶试验指数均有高度相关 (P<0 .0 1)。提示 :心率下降斜率 ,特别是中、高台阶试验后早期下降斜率能很好地反映有氧耐力 ;台阶试验后心率反应程度能较好地反映心血管功能和有氧耐力 ;可以用运动后即刻心率、早期心率恢复速度取代或改良原来的计算方法进行台阶指数计算 ,提高测试效率和准确性 相似文献
2.
许良 《体育科技文献通报》2005,13(6)
本文通过对 1 985年、1 995年和 2 0 0 0年 3个时期 1 3～ 1 8岁青少年 5项身体素质发展水平的对比分析 ,揭示我国青少年身体素质发展变化的特点与规律 ,为提高学生的体质健康水平 ,全面贯彻落实《学校体育卫生工作条例》和《学生体质健康标准》 ,提供参考依据。5项素质指标 :男子为 5 0m跑、立定跳远、立位体前屈、斜身引体 (7～ 1 2岁 ) /引体向上 (1 3～ 1 8岁 )和 5 0m× 8往返跑 (7～ 1 2岁 ) / 1 0 0 0m跑 (1 3～ 1 8岁 ) ;女子为 5 0m跑、立定跳远、立位体前屈、1min仰卧起坐和 5 0m×往返跑 (7～ 1 2岁 ) / 80 0m跑(1 3～ 1 8岁 )。… 相似文献
3.
普通男大学生有氧能力监测指标研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文目的旨在筛选我国大学生体质有氧能力监测指标,为其健康测试指标体系提供理论依据。方法:将实验对象分为建模组和评估组,以VO2max和AT作为效标,将建模组1000m跑、12min跑、20m往返跑、台阶试验指数的测试结果与效标进行相关性分析,筛选指标;而后以筛选的指标为自变量,VO2max为因变量,建立预测VO2max的回归模型进行线性回归分析,再通过评估组对VO2max预测模型进行实效性评估,以确定指标的优良性。结果:(1)12min跑和20m往返跑不仅与VO2max之间呈高度相关性,而且与VT之间也表现出较高的相关性;1000m跑与VO2max和VT之间相关性很低;台阶试验指数与VO2max和VT之间均无相关性。(2)以12min跑、20m往返跑建立预测VO2max的回归模型拟合优度均较高,预测效果通过相关性检验和配对t检验显示实效性均较好。结论:(1)12min跑不仅是一项能有效评价大学生有氧能力的指标,而且还是一种科学的有氧健身方式;(2)20m往返跑也可以有效地反映大学生有氧能力水平;(3)1000m跑和台阶试验指数不适合作为评定大学生有氧能力的指标。 相似文献
4.
12min跑评定大学生耐力素质的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
1 问题的提出12 m in测验法 ,是 2 0世纪 70年代初由美国的库珀参照前人布·巴尔克定时间、测跑距的方法而倡始的。布·巴尔克最初发现了 15 m in跑程同 V O2 max的关系密切 ,倡导了15 min测验法。后来 ,巴尔克的学生库珀又做了进一步的研究。库珀在对 6～ 2 0 min不断改变时间的反复实践中发现 ,12 min跑程同 V O2 m ax的相关系数最大 ( n=115 ,r=0 .897) ,且 V O2 m ax水平的持续时间较长 ,能充分反映有氧代谢能力。1975年 ,日本学者浅见俊雄对 76名大学生进行了 12 min跑的实际调查 ,得出了与库珀十分接近的结果 ( n=76 ,r=0 .… 相似文献
5.
陈惠玉 《山东体育学院学报》2008,24(7)
为探索一种简便有效的评价人体心血管系统功能的定量运动负荷方法，采用3种不同负荷的蹲起试验方法对30名普通大学生的累积、即刻心功指数与他们的VO2max进行相关性研究，以相关系数的大小来判别各自的效度。发现60s60次蹲起测得的心功指数与VO2max的相关系数最高，45s45次蹲起的心功指数次之，30s30次最低，而3种不同负荷方法各自的即刻心功指数与VO2max的相关性均高于累积心功指数。认为60s60次蹲起试验测试心功能的方法（即刻心功指数）简单实用、评价效度高、易于实施与控制，有望成为简便有效的评价人体心血管系统功能的定量运动负荷方法。 相似文献
6.
目前,还未见有人对后退跑和走对人体心肺机能和能量代谢的影响进行较为详细研究的文章。为此,本文对这一问题进行探讨,其结果如下:受试者在跑台上进行6分钟的运动后,后退跑比相应向前跑速度均为160m·min~(-1)的NE、VO2、HR、血HL含量分别高出均113％、85％、49.5％、22.1％,并且具有非常显著性差异。而在每分钟增加2％的坡度运动至力竭时,向前跑(160m·min~(-1))比后退跑1(120m·min~(-1))的VE、VO2、HR、血HL要高,并且在显著性差异。这就提示我们要在机体康复期内,可用后退跑和走的练习来促进组织的修复,保持和提高心肺机能及部分肌肉的力量;而要最大限度提高心肺功能,挖掘体能的潜力时,还是以向前运动的训练为宜。 相似文献
7.
大学生心功能评价指标的效度研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用文献资料调研、体质测试、数理统计及逻辑分析等方法对当前测评大学生心血管功能指标的台阶试验、1000m(男)/800m(女)及3000m(男)/2400m(女)跑这3种方法的有效性及可操作性进行了探讨,并就台阶试验评价的两种计算方法即台阶指数与每搏功进行了比较研究,结果发现,1)台阶指数及其得分与1000m/800m及3000m/2400m跑成绩的相关性较低(P>0.05),1000m/800m得分与3000m/2400m跑得分、男生台阶指数、女生每搏功存在良好的相关关系(P<0.05);2)每搏功与台阶指数评价心肺功能的有效性均较低,每搏功的评价功能要优于台阶指数,但其存在明显的性别、地区等差异,有待进一步研究;3)12min跑或3000m/2400m跑测验是评价与提高学生心功能的有效手段,建议用其取代1000m/800m跑或台阶试验,以测评大学生心血管功能。 相似文献
8.
(V)O2 peak常用于评价不同人群有氧工作能力,是近年来国外运动医学文献中出现频度较高的一个专业术语.就(V)O2peak这一术语的解释、与(V)O2max的区别、应用范围以及再测信度进行了综述.尽管学者们对(V)O2peak有着不同的解释,但是,如(V)O2peak在研究对象、判断标准、运动负荷方法等方面与(V)O2max存在明显的差异.(V)O2peak常用于不同人群的流行病学研究,具有较高的实用性.许多研究表明,(V)O2peak有很高的再测信度,是一项稳定性较好的测试指标. 相似文献
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10.
通过文献资料法和实验法相结合,探讨了国外青少年有氧能力测量与评价的发展过程与现状,并应用有氧能力测评指标20m往返跑对上海市城区7-17岁在校学生进行测试,了解上海城区青少年有氧能力成绩现状,通过与国外报道数据的比较研究了解上海城区青少年有氧能力水平的差异,为我国青少年心肺耐力的测评研究提供参考。 相似文献
11.
A. St Clair Gibson S. Broomhead M.I. Lambert J.A. Hawley 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):331-335
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the multistage shuttle run test in predicting maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) in athletes trained in sports with different physical demands. Over a 14-day period, 10 male long-distance runners (continuous high-intensity exercise) and 10 male squash players (intermittent high-intensity exercise) performed, in random order, the multistage shuttle run test and a maximal treadmill protocol of increasing elevation which elicited VO 2 max. Compared with direct measurement of VO 2 max, the shuttle run test significantly underpredicted the VO 2 max of the group of runners (n=10; P<0.01) and of the athletes as a whole (n=20; P<0.01). The correlation (r) between VO 2 max determined by the shuttle run test and by the treadmill protocol was 0.61 (P<0.05) for the squash players, 0.71 (P<0.05) for the runners and 0.67 (P<0.01) for the athletes as a whole. As the subjects represented athletes trained specifically in sports with different physical demands, this may explain why the correlations between the shuttle run test and direct measurement of VO 2 max are less robust than those reported in previous studies. Furthermore, our results indicate that there are sport-specific differences when predicting VO 2 max from the multistage shuttle run test. 相似文献
12.
ABSTRACT The purpose was to examine the feasibility of the 20m shuttle run test with music and to test its concurrent validity with the original 20m shuttle run test. A total of 386 adolescents (14.5±1.6 years old, 48.9% boys) participated in our study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess student’s perception about the 20m shuttle run test with music and the original and to assess perceived exertion. Participants performed randomly the 20m shuttle run test with music and original two weeks apart. Average and maximum heart rate were monitored with heart rate monitors. The 20m shuttle run with music was a feasible test for measuring cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. The concurrent validity showed mean differences of 5.1±14.6 for shuttles, 0.3±0.8 km/h for speed, 0.5±4.1 for stages, and 1.5±4.1 for VO2max (all p<0.001) in favour of the 20m shuttle run with music vs. the original 20m shuttle run test. Mean difference for the rating of perceived exertion was 0.4±2.5 points (p=0.003). No significant difference was found between boys and girls. In conclusion, the 20mSRT-music is feasible and presents a good concurrent validity in adolescents, independently of the sex and it will be an alternative and good approach to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. 相似文献
13.
DAVID M. WILKINSON JOANNE L. FALLOWFIELD STEPHEN D. MYERS 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(5):413-419
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of subject drop-out on a multi-stage shuttle run test and a modified incremental shuttle run test in which speed was increased by 0.014m.s-1 every 20-m shuttle to avoid the need for verbal speed cues. Analysis of the multi-stage shuttle run test with 208 elite female netball players and 381 elite male lacrosse players found that 13 (+/-3) players stopped after the first shuttle of each new level, in comparison with 5 (+/-2) players on any other shuttle. No obvious drop-out pattern was observed on the incremental shuttle run test with 273 male and 79 female undergraduate students. The mean difference between a test-retest condition (n= 20) for peak shuttle running speed (-0.03+/- 0.01m.s-1) and maximal heart rate (0.4+/- 0.1 beats.min-1) on the incremental test showed no bias (P > 0.05). The 95% absolute confidence limits of agreement were 0.11m.s-1 for peak shuttle running speed and +/-5 beats.min-1 for maximal heart rate. The relationship (n= 27) between peak shuttle running speed on the incremental shuttle run test (4.22+/- 0.14m.s-1) and VO2max (59.0+/- 1.7ml.kg-1.min-1) was r=0.91 (P< 0.01), with a standard error of prediction of 2.6ml.kg-1.min-1. These results suggest verbal cues during the multi-stage shuttle run test may influence subject drop-out. The incremental shuttle run test shows no obvious drop-out patten and provides a valid estimate of VO2max. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of subject drop-out on a multi-stage shuttle run test and a modified incremental shuttle run test in which speed was increased by 0.014 m x s(-1) every 20-m shuttle to avoid the need for verbal speed cues. Analysis of the multi-stage shuttle run test with 208 elite female netball players and 381 elite male lacrosse players found that 13 (+/-3) players stopped after the first shuttle of each new level, in comparison with 5 (+/-2) players on any other shuttle. No obvious drop-out pattern was observed on the incremental shuttle run test with 273 male and 79 female undergraduate students. The mean difference between a test-retest condition (n = 20) for peak shuttle running speed (-0.03+/-0.01 m x s(-1)) and maximal heart rate (0.4+/-0.1 beats x min(-1)) on the incremental test showed no bias (P > 0.05). The 95% absolute confidence limits of agreement were+/-0.11 m x s(-1) for peak shuttle running speed and+/-5 beats min(-1) for maximal heart rate. The relationship (n = 27) between peak shuttle running speed on the incremental shuttle run test (4.22+/-0.14 m x s(-1)) and VO2max (59.0+/-1.7 ml kg(-1) x min(-1)) was r= 0.91 (P< 0.01), with a standard error of prediction of +/-2.6 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1). These results suggest verbal cues during the multi-stage shuttle run test may influence subject drop-out. The incremental shuttle run test shows no obvious drop-out patten and provides a valid estimate of VO2max. 相似文献
15.
Robert N. Singer A. Mark Williams Shane G. Frehlich Christopher M. Janelle Steven J. Radlo Douglas A. Barba 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):290-296
This study compares the motor skills and physical fitness of school-age children (6-12 years) with visual impairments (VI; n = 60) and sighted children (n = 60). The relationships between the performance parameters and the children's body composition are investigated as well as the role of the severity of the impairment. The degree of VI did not differentially affect the outcomes. Compared to their sighted peers, the children with VI scored lower on the locomotor and object control skills as assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, and the physical fitness (Eurofit) parameters of plate tapping, the standing broad jump, the modified 5 × 10-m shuttle run, and 20-m multistage shuttle run (20-MST). Their body mass and body fat indexes were inversely correlated with the standing broad jump and the 20-MST, but positively correlated with handgrip strength. Moreover, significant inverse correlations were found between their locomotor and object control skills on the one hand and plate tapping and the 5 × 10-m shuttle run on the other hand. Given the relatively high proportion (25%) of overweight/obese children within the VI sample, educators are recommended to promote health-related activities and help enhance motor skills in this population. 相似文献
16.
This study compares the motor skills and physical fitness of school-age children (6-12 years) with visual impairments (VI; n = 60) and sighted children (n = 60). The relationships between the performance parameters and the children's body composition are investigated as well as the role of the severity of the impairment. The degree of VI did not differentially affect the outcomes. Compared to their sighted peers, the children with VI scored lower on the locomotor and object control skills as assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, and the physical fitness (Eurofit) parameters of plate tapping, the standing broad jump, the modified 5 x 10-m shuttle run, and 20-m multistage shuttle run (20-MST). Their body mass and body fat indexes were inversely correlated with the standing broad jump and the 20-MST but positively correlated with handgrip strength. Moreover significant inverse correlations were found between their locomotor and object control skills on the one hand and plate tapping and the 5 x 10-m shuttle run on the other hand. Given the relatively high proportion (25%) of overweight/obese children within the VI sample, educators are recommended to promote health-related activities and help enhance motor skills in this population. 相似文献
17.
为确定小学生耐力锻炼安全有效的负荷强度,采用试验法、数理统计法,以50米×8往返跑过程中男女学生心率强度和变化规律为研究内容,抽取厦门市金尚小学五年级72名为观察对象,采用ON-rhythm 410 progress心率表,按照50米×8往返跑测试成绩合格、良好、优秀三个等级进行分组测试,结果显示;学生往返跑第三次时平均心率已经达到181次/分。心率在190~200次/分的强度下要持续1分30秒左右。研究认为小学生50米×8往返跑的练习应循序渐进的原则,最高心率维持时间不宜超过1分30秒的时间范围。 相似文献
18.
大学生健康体适能心肺耐力测试指标效度的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以最大耗氧量作为心肺耐力测试项目的效度检验指标,通过实验与比较观察方法,对我国大学生健康体适能的心肺耐力评价指标——台阶试验和耐力跑(男1000m,女800m)两项选测项目的测量效度进行了对比研究。结果显示:大学生台阶试验指数和耐力跑成绩之间无显著线性相关;最大耗氧量与台阶试验指数无明显的相关关系,而与耐力跑成绩呈现相关关系。笔者认为,在确定我国大学生健康体适能评价指标时,选择耐力跑项目作为测试指标能够更为客观、有效地反映心肺耐力的测试目标。 相似文献
19.
The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test was designed to determine the maximal aerobic power of schoolchildren, healthy adults attending fitness class and athletes performing in sports with frequent stops and starts (e.g. basketball, fencing and so on). Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the 20 m line; at the same time a sound signal is emitted from a prerecorded tape. Frequency of the sound signals is increased 0.5 km h-1 each minute from a starting speed of 8.5 km h-1. When the subject can no longer follow the pace, the last stage number announced is used to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (Y, ml kg-1 min-1) from the speed (X, km h-1) corresponding to that stage (speed = 8 + 0.5 stage no.) and age (A, year): Y = 31.025 + 3.238 X - 3.248A + 0.1536AX, r = 0.71 with 188 boys and girls aged 8-19 years. To obtain this regression, the test was performed individually. Right upon termination VO2 was measured with four 20 s samples and VO2max was estimated by retroextrapolating the O2 recovery curve at time zero of recovery. For adults, similar measurements indicated that the same equation could be used keeping age constant at 18 (r = 0.90, n = 77 men and women 18-50 years old). Test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.89 for children (139 boys and girls 6-16 years old) and 0.95 for adults (81 men and women, 20-45 years old).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
20.
Eero A. Haapala Juuso Väistö Niina Lintu Tuomo Tompuri Soren Brage Kate Westgate 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1699-1706
We investigated the associations of body fat percentage (BF%), objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and different types of physical activity assessed by a questionnaire with neuromuscular performance. The participants were 404 children aged 6–8 years. BF% was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and physical activity by combined heart rate and movement sensing and a questionnaire. The results of 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run, hand grip strength, standing long jump, sit-up, modified flamingo balance, box-and-block and sit-and-reach tests were used as measures of neuromuscular performance. Children who had a combination of higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity had the poorest performance in 50-m shuttle run, 15-m sprint run and standing long jump tests. Higher BF% was associated with slower 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times, shorter distance jumped in standing long jump test, fewer sit-ups, more errors in balance test and less cubes moved in box-and-block test. Higher levels of physical activity and particularly MVPA assessed objectively by combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor were related to shorter 50-m shuttle run and 15-m sprint times. In conclusion, higher BF% and lower levels of physical activity and particularly the combination of these two factors were associated with worse neuromuscular performance. 相似文献