共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
比较线粒体转录因子基因多态性位点在优秀耐力运动员与对照组的分布频率差异,筛选预测优秀耐力运动员的基因型.研究方法:应用Case-Control实验设计,采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术对线粒体转录因子A、B1和B2编码基因的全部标签单核苷酸多态性位点进行分型,双荧光素酶报告基因的方法分析其生物学功能.研究结果:1)rs2306604 T等位基因在男运动员组的分布频率显著高于男对照组.rs10802426 T等位基因在男运动员组的分布频率显著高于男对照组,在女运动员组显著低于女对照组.2)rs2306604下调相对荧光素酶活性,在运动员组频率高的基因型有显著高的相对荧光素酶活性.rs10802426上调基因表达,但两个纯合子之间没有达到显著性差异.结论:rs2306604是预测男耐力运动员的分子标记,并且调控基因转录;rs10802426需要进一步的研究. 相似文献
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新疆维吾尔族运动员ACE基因Ⅰ/D多态与有氧运动能力关联研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的对新疆维吾尔族16名优秀耐力运动员和153名普通人ACE基因Ⅰ/D多态性和血清ACE活性与有氧运动能力进行关联研究.方法聚合酶链反应(PCR)和分光光度计法.结果1)新疆维吾尔族耐力运动员ACE基因3种基因型和等位基因分布频率与普通人组比较,存在显著差异(P<0.05),与南方汉族优秀中长跑运动员、北方汉族优秀耐力运动员和Caucasians优秀耐力运动员均未见显著差异(P>0.05),其中Ⅱ基因型和Ⅰ等位基因出现频率最高.2)新疆维吾尔族普通人群与南方和北方汉族普通人群3种基因型和等位基因分布频率比较,均存在显著差异(P<0.05),与Caucasians普通人群相比,不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).3)新疆维吾尔族耐力运动员与对照人群ACE活性不存在显著差异(P>0.05),ACE活性Ⅱ>ID>DD.结论拥有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的维吾尔族运动员,可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体;维吾尔族虽然是一个融合民族,依据本研究推断其遗传背景更接近Caueasians人;维吾尔族拥有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的人血清ACE活性低,这表明运动能力与ACE活性呈负相关,其机制有待进一步研究. 相似文献
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目的:探讨钙调神经磷酸酶的5个编码基因(PPP3CA、PPP3CB、PPP3CC、PPP3R1和PPP3R2)的55个单核苷酸多态性与心脏功能表型的初始值及耐力训练效果的关联性.方法:102名无训练史的青年健康男子完成18周有氧耐力训练,测试训练前后的安静、次最大负荷(50W、100W和150W)下及恢复期的心脏结构及功能指标,采用PCR-RFLP和MALDI-TOF MS对多态性进行分型,所有的统计学分析均进行多重比较的修正.结果:1)rs3763679(PPP3CA)与安静时的心率初始值关联; 2)rs1879793、rs1075534、rs7430、rs2461483和 rs10108011(PPP3CC) 与恢复期的每搏量或/和心输出量的训练敏感性关联;3) rs1407877(PPP3R2) 与次最大负荷(50W)下的射血分数的训练敏感性关联.结论:钙调神经磷酸酶基因多态性可能部分解释心脏功能指标的个体差异性. 相似文献
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目的：研究我国优秀冬季项目运动员ACE基因I/D多态分布及其与优秀耐力能力的关联性。方法：应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术测定120名我国北方汉族健康大学生及50名我国优秀冬季项目运动员ACE基因I/D位点的基因型和等位基因的频率分布。结果：对照组等位基因频率为I=59%,D=41%,基因型频率为I/I=36%,I/D=46%,D/D=18%;冬季项目运动员等位基因频率为I=58%,D=42%,基因型频率为I/I=34%,I/D=48%,D/D=18%;其中25名耐力项目运动员等位基因频率为I=64%,D=36%,基因型频率为I/I=39%,I/D=48%,D/D=12%,符合H-W平衡,对照组与运动员组的基因型频率和等位基因频率无显著性别差异,基因型频率和等位基因频率在对照组与耐力运动员组间也无显著差异。结论：我国耐力型冬季项目运动员的优秀耐力素质与ACE基因I/D多态性无关,该位点不能作为其耐力素质选材的遗传学标记。 相似文献
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ACE基因I/D多态性与耐力素质的关联性研究:Meta分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
目的:采用Meta分析综合定量评价血管紧张素I转化酶(ACE)基因插入(I)/缺失(D)多态性与耐力素质的相关性.方法:以耐力运动员组和健康对照组的II/(ID+DD) OR、DD/(II+ID) OR和I/D OR值为统计量,全面检索截止至2010年1月的相关文献,制定文献筛选标准,对纳入研究进行异质性检验、数据合并、回归分析和发表偏倚检验.结果:共纳入研究23例,包含2 936例优秀耐力运动员和8 485例健康对照组.耐力运动员组和健康对照组II/(ID+DD) OR=1.29(95% CI=1.15～1.45,P<0.01),无显著异质性;I/D OR=1.17(95% CI=1.03～1.33,P<0.05),具有显著异质性但与样本量和区域无关.亚组分析欧洲人群中耐力运动员组与健康对照组II/(ID+DD) OR=1.29(95% CI=1.11～1.50,P<0.01),无显著异质性.Egger's检验和Begg's检验均未发现显著发表偏倚.结论:ACE基因I/D多态性与耐力素质相关且存在种族差异,II基因型和I等位基因是优秀耐力素质的保护因素.欧洲人群中ACE基因II型纯合子与优秀耐力素质关联显著.中国人群中虽未发现显著关联,但有待于补充研究进一步分析. 相似文献
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目的:探讨汉族优秀游泳、赛艇运动员和普通人mtDNA高变区Ⅰ SNPs在本群体中的频率分布高于10%位点的分布特点,并对两项目运动员mtDNA高变区Ⅰ SNPs与有氧工作能力进行关联分析;方法:分别以54、55和71名汉族优秀游泳、赛艇运动员和普通人为研究对象,采用PCR产物纯化后直接测序和breath by breath方法,进行mtDNA高变区Ⅰ SNPs和有氧工作能力的检测;结果:1)54名游泳和55赛艇运动员mtDNA高变区Ⅰ SNPs频率大于10%的位点分别为15和10个,其中,SNPs频率大于20%的位点有6个(两个项目位点完全相同),除位点C16167A外,其他均为常见SNPs;汉族普通人SNPs频率大于10%位点共有13个,大于20%位点有7个,其中,位点C16168A为普通人所独有;2)赛艇运动员住点C16167A的多态性频率高达92.7%,游泳运动员也达64.8%,明显高于普通人和我国优秀皮划艇运动员(P<0.05～0.001);3)游泳运动员有3个SNPs位点(T16362C、T16304C、C16167A)、赛艇运动员有2个SNPs位点(T16362C、T16223C),非剑桥序列组运动员的VO2max/BW、VEmax、O2-pluesmax、Pmax或Tmax等指标显著高于剑桥序列组运动员(P<0.05～0.01);结论:1)位点C16167A可能成为汉族游泳和赛艇运动员运动能力相关的基因标记,但还需要进一步与运动员不同身体素质和运动能力表型进行关联研究后才能做出更为确定的结论;2)位点T16362C、T16304C和C16167A与汉族优秀游泳运动员的有氧工作能力存在关联,位点T16362C、T16223C与汉族优秀赛艇运动员氧工作能力存在关联,提示以上位点,可作为对运动训练有高敏感性的遗传标记,但不同项目间存在一定差异.这一研究结果对人类有氧能力和不同个体有氧能力以及运动能力的预测、评定、及其在选材中的应用均有重要意义. 相似文献
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ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点作为举重运动员选材用分子标记的可行性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
目的:选取ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点进行解析,筛选中国举重运动员选材用分子标记.方法:提取94名中国北方汉族优秀举重运动员全血DNA,应用PCR-RFLP方法解析C1747T多态位点,通过X2检验与206名普通对照组进行分析.结果:94名中国北方汉族优秀举重运动员的C1747T多态位点的基因型分布经f检验符合H-W平衡(X2=2.04;df=2;P0. 05).优秀举重运动员组与普通时照组ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的基因型分布具有显著性差异(P=0.031,P<0.05),等位基因分布也具有显著性差异(P=0.022,P<0. 05),与普通对照组(CC基因型:31%;C等位基因:56%)相比,举重运动员组CC基因型(47%)以及C等位基因(66%)的出现频率较高.结论:我国北方汉族人群ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的CC基因型和C等位基因与优秀的力量素质显著相关.可以将ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的CC基因型作为中国北方汉族举重运动员的选材用分子标记. 相似文献
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周文婷 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(6):66-71
目的：研究优秀技巧类滑雪运动员中4个有氧能力关联多态基因ACE、GLUT4、ADRB2和PPARGC1A的分布频率，及基于4个优势等位基因的基因型总分（TGS），探索上述多态基因与TGS作为我国优秀技巧类滑雪运动员跨项选材分子标记的可行性。方法：应用基质辅助激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱检测技术，对68名中国北方汉族优秀技巧类滑雪运动员与138名中国北方汉族普通大学生ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点和PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点进行解析。计算并比较运动员与对照组在上述4个位点的TGS。结果：在上述4个多态位点，运动员与对照组间的基因型和等位基因频率无显著性差异（P>0.05）；两组人在携带的优势等位基因数量、TGS分值范围、平均TGS分值及TGS分值的分布频率上也均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：ACE基因rs4340位点、GLUT4基因rs5418位点、ADRB2基因rs1042713位点、PPARGC1A基因rs8192678位点多态性和基于上述4个位点的TGS均无法作为中国北方汉族技巧类滑雪运动员的有氧能力跨项分子选材标记。 相似文献
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目的时新疆维吾尔族16名优秀耐力运动员和153名普通人ACE基因I／D多态性和血清ACE活性与有氧运动能力进行关联研究。方法聚合酶链反应（PCR）和分光光度计法。结果1）新疆维吾尔族耐力运动员ACE基因3种基因型和等位基因分布频率与普通人组比较，存在显著差异（P〈0．05），与南方汉族优秀中长跑运动员、北方汉族优秀耐力运动员和Caucasians优秀耐力运动员均未见显著差异（P〉0．05），其中Ⅱ基因型和Ⅰ等位基因出现频率最高。2）新疆维吾尔族普通人群与南方和北方汉族普通人群3种基因型和等位基因分布频率比较，均存在显著差异（P〈0．05），与Caucasians普通人群相比，不存在显著性差异（P〉0．05）。3）新疆维吾尔族耐力运动员与对照人群ACE活性不存在显著差异（P〉0．05），ACE活性Ⅱ〉ID〉DD。结论拥有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的维吾尔族运动员，可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体；维吾尔族虽然是一个融合民族，依据本研究推断其遗传背景更接近Caucasiam人；维吾尔族拥有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的人血清ACE活性低，这表明运动能力与ACE活性呈负相关，其机制有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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目的：研究黑龙江汉族速滑运动员优秀耐力能力与肌型肌酸激酶基因（CKMM）A/G多态的关联性。方法：应用PCR-RFLP法测定120名黑龙江籍汉族健康大学生及25名黑龙江汉族耐力型速滑运动员CKMM基因A/G位点的基因型和等位基因的频率分布。结果：大学生等位基因频率为A=87%,G=13%,基因型频率为A/A=76%,A/G=22%,G/G=2%;速滑运动员等位基因频率为A=84%,G=16%,基因型频率为A/A=68%,A/G=32%,经卡方检验符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律,两组的基因型频率和等位基因频率在男女间无显著性差异,与欧美人群相比有显著性差异,与我国北方汉族人及韩国人相比差异不具有显著性。两组间基因型频率和等位基因频率无显著性差异。结论：黑龙江汉族耐力型速滑运动员的优秀耐力素质与CKMM基因N coⅠ多态性无关,该位点不能作为其耐力素质选材的遗传学标记。 相似文献
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Silva DA Benedetti TR Ferrari EP Meurer ST Antes DL Silva AM Santos DA Matias CN Sardinha LB Vieira F Petroski EL 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(5):479-484
The objective of this study was to describe the anthropometric profiles of elite older triathletes participating in the 2009 Ironman Brazil and to compare their somatotype, anthropometric and body composition characteristics with those of elite young triathletes and older non-athletes. The sample consisted of 64 males, divided into three groups: (1) older triathletes (n = 17), (2) young triathletes (n = 24), and (3) older non-athletes (n = 23). Somatotype was analysed according to the Carter and Heath ( 1990 ) method. Body mass index, sum of four skinfolds, percentage body fat, body fat mass, and fat-free mass were also estimated. Older non-athletes had higher endomorphy, sum of four skinfolds, fat percentage, and body fat mass than the athletes. Older athletes who participated in the Ironman and elite young triathletes had higher fat-free mass than older non-athletes. Older triathletes and older non-athletes were considered mainly endomorphic mesomorphs and young triathletes mainly ectomorphic mesomorphs. The findings that characterize the anthropometric profile of athletes in this sports modality could be used as a reference. 相似文献
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朱健民 《天津体育学院学报》2005,20(4):52-54
采用日本运动心理学会会长德永斡雄先生研制的竞技特质焦虑(TAIS)量表,对高水平女足运动员进行问卷调查。检验表明,TAIS量表的信度、区分效度具有高度显著性意义,对高水平女足选手竞技特质焦虑水平的评价显著可靠。分析显示,高水平女足运动员竞技特质焦虑有明显的年龄、运动年限、比赛经验及文化程度的差异。 相似文献
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周文婷 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2014,(4):10-16
运动能力间的个体差异,一定程度上由遗传因素决定.运动能力关联基因的多态研究迄今为止已产生大量有益的结果,近年来却进展缓慢、内容单一,缺乏对新基因和新位点的探索.文章在查阅整理文献的基础上,从功能、调节机制和多态性研究方面对甲状腺激素路径基因能否作为优秀耐力素质潜在相关基因进行了综述,以期为研究者提供新的研究方向和操作的可行性依据. 相似文献
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Naoki Kikuchi Eri Miyamoto-Mikami Haruka Murakami Tomohiro Nakamura Seok-Ki Min Masuhiko Mizuno 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):694-701
Aim: Recent meta-analyses of the literature confirmed the association between the RR+RX genotype of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and elite sprint/power athletic status in Europeans but not in Asians and Africans, while the association between the R577X genotype and elite endurance athlete status is less convincing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and elite athlete status in a large Asian (Japanese) cohort of track and field athletes. Methods: One-thousand fifty-seven Japanese track and field athletes (627 sprint/power athletes and 430 endurance athletes) and 810 Japanese controls were genotyped for the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) by using the TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay. Results: Elite sprint/power athletes had a higher frequency of the RR+RX genotype than the controls (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.16–2.18; P?=?.003). A significant linear correlation was found between the RR?+?RX genotype and athlete status (i.e. regional?P?=?.001 for trend) and long-distance runners (regional: 65%, national: 72%, international: 82%; P?=?.030 for trend). Conclusions: The data obtained for this large Asian (Japanese) cohort of track and field athletes served to confirm the association between the RR?+?RX genotype of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and elite sprint/power athlete status and also the association between the ACTN3 RR?+?RX genotype and long-distance running athletic status. 相似文献
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Comparison of anthropometry to dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: a new prediction equation for women
The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of three recommended anthropometric equations for women and then develop an updated prediction equation using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The percentage of body fat (%BF) by anthropometry was significantly correlated (r = .896-.929; p < .01) with DXA, but each equation underestimated %BF (3.2-5.6 %BF; p < .01). The following DXA criterion (DC) equation was created: %BF= -6.40665 + 0.41946(S3SF) - 0.00126(S3SF)2 + 0.12515(hip) + 0.06473 (age); (S3SF = sum of triceps, suprailiac, thigh; hip = circumference in cm; age = years). The predicted residual sum of squares (PRESS) R2 was high (0.86), and the PRESS standard error of estimate (SEE) was low (2.5 %BF) for our sample of 150 women. The DC equation was further crosschecked on a separate sample of women (n = 25) and again showed excellent agreement. The DC equation appears to be a more accurate estimation of %BF in women. 相似文献
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The requirements for soccer play are multifactorial and distinguishing characteristics of elite players can be investigated using multivariate analysis. The aim of the present study was to apply a comprehensive test battery to young players with a view to distinguishing between elite and sub-elite groups on the basis of performance on test items. Thirty-one (16 elite, 15 sub-elite) young players matched for chronological age (15-16 years) and body size were studied. Test items included anthropometric ( n = 15), physiological ( n = 8), psychological ( n = 3) and soccer-specific skills ( n = 2) tests. Variables were split into separate groups according to somatotype, body composition, body size, speed, endurance, performance measures, technical skill, anticipation, anxiety and task and ego orientation for purposes of univariate and multivariate analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant function analysis.The most discriminating of the measures were agility, sprint time, ego orientation and anticipation skill. The elite players were also significantly leaner, possessed more aerobic power (9.0 - 1.7 vs 55.5 - 3.8 ml·kg -1 ·min -1 ) and were more tolerant of fatigue ( P ? 0.05). They were also better at dribbling the ball, but not shooting. We conclude that the test battery used may be useful in establishing baseline reference data for young players being selected onto specialized development programmes. 相似文献
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Reliability and validity of two tests of soccer skill 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Ali A Williams C Hulse M Strudwick A Reddin J Howarth L Eldred J Hirst M McGregor S 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(13):1461-1470
Twenty-four players from the 1st/2nd (elite) and 24 players from the 3rd/4th (non-elite) university football teams were recruited to evaluate the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT) and Loughborough Soccer Shooting Test (LSST) as tools to assess soccer skill. The LSPT requires players to complete 16 passes as quickly as possible. The LSST requires players to pass, control, and shoot the ball to targets on a full-sized goal. Participants completed two main trials each separated by at least one day. During both trials, the participants were given practice efforts before recording the mean of the next two (LSPT) or 10 (LSST) attempts as the performance score. For the LSPT, the mean time taken, added penalty time, and overall performance time were less in the elite players (elite: 43.6 s, s = 3.8; non-elite: 52.5 s, s= 7.4; P= 0.0001). For the LSST, there was no difference in the mean points scored per shot between groups (elite: 1.34, s = 0.46; non-elite: 1.28, s = 0.53). However, the elite players had higher mean shot speed (elite: 80 km h(-1), s = 4.5; non-elite: 74 km h(-1), s = 4.2; P < 0.0001) and performed each shot sequence faster (elite: 7.87 s, s= 0.29; non-elite: 8.07 s, s= 0.35; P= 0.037) than the non-elite players. Performance on both tests was more repeatable in elite players. In conclusion, the LSPT and LSST are valid and reliable protocols to assess differences in soccer skill performance. 相似文献
19.
A multidisciplinary approach to talent identification in soccer 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1
The requirements for soccer play are multifactorial and distinguishing characteristics of elite players can be investigated using multivariate analysis. The aim of the present study was to apply a comprehensive test battery to young players with a view to distinguishing between elite and sub-elite groups on the basis of performance on test items. Thirty-one (16 elite, 15 sub-elite) young players matched for chronological age (15-16 years) and body size were studied. Test items included anthropometric (n = 15), physiological (n = 8), psychological (n = 3) and soccer-specific skills (n = 2) tests. Variables were split into separate groups according to somatotype, body composition, body size, speed, endurance, performance measures, technical skill, anticipation, anxiety and task and ego orientation for purposes of univariate and multivariate analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant function analysis. The most discriminating of the measures were agility, sprint time, ego orientation and anticipation skill. The elite players were also significantly leaner, possessed more aerobic power (9.0 +/- 1.7 vs 55.5 +/- 3.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and were more tolerant of fatigue (P < 0.05). They were also better at dribbling the ball, but not shooting. We conclude that the test battery used may be useful in establishing baseline reference data for young players being selected onto specialized development programmes. 相似文献