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1.
《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2001,12(1):139-165
This paper develops four categories of knowledge management strategies used by multinational corporations (MNCs). Codification strategies involve the transformation of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge in order to facilitate flows of organizational knowledge. Tacitness strategies keep organizational knowledge tacit in order to prevent flows of knowledge to competitors. Focused knowledge management strategies regulate knowledge flows by controlling the degree to which knowledge is encoded in forms that match the information intensity and ambiguity of their knowledge. Unfocused knowledge management strategies attempt to regulate knowledge flows by controlling the overall level of codification of knowledge without special consideration of the capabilities of specific forms of codification. Empirical analyses of the effects of these strategies on subunit performance in a sample of US and Danish subsidiaries suggest that the focused strategies are superior to the other strategies. Our results also indicate that different kinds of organizational knowledge require matching forms of codification in order to increase performance. The results give rise to a nested contingency model of knowledge management. 相似文献
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非正式隐性知识转移（ITKT）是组织内隐性知识转移的主要方式,直接关系到组织核心竞争能力和技术创新能力的形成和发展。本文依据知识特性和转移具体方式两个维度,将知识转移划分为正式显性知识转移、非正式显性知识转移、正式隐性知识转移和非正式隐性知识转移4种类型,比较了它们的特征。分别从个体间、个体与团队间、个体与组织间、团队间、团队与组织间5个视角,分真隐性知识和伪隐性知识两种情况,考察了组织内非正式隐性知识转移的过程机理,建立了过程模型,提出了组织内非正式隐性知识转移的实现条件。 相似文献
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新创企业的先天学习是指将创业者的先天知识进行知识转移与知识转化的过程,不仅决定新创企业创新搜索成本,同时影响新创企业的创新绩效。基于知识管理与组织学习视角,构建了知识默会性-先天学习-新创企业绩效的理论模型,并通过对142家高科技新创企业的问卷调查,验证了理论假设。研究发现:新创企业先天学习对新创企业的创新绩效有正向影响,组织知识默会性对新创企业的创新绩效有正向影响,但组织知识默会性与先天学习存在替代效应。对研究结论和意义进行了分析与讨论。 相似文献
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This study examines the organizational knowledge creation processes in two highly virtual teams involved in new product development projects in the automotive industry. Using Nonaka's model of knowledge creation, we explore how the virtualization of knowledge-based processes, i.e. the intensive exploitation of information and communication technologies (ICTs), has led to new forms of knowledge creation at both the individual and organizational levels. In contrast to previous studies that identify knowledge codification as the main contribution of ICTs, this study provides detailed micro-level evidence about the ability of virtual technologies to support the transfer and the creation of new knowledge – both explicit and tacit – and offers some implications for scholars and practitioners. 相似文献
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高校教师隐性知识的结构与转化因素分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
高校教师是知识的拥有者、传播者和创新者。知识分为显性知识和隐性知识，而且隐性知识比显性知识更能创造价值是知识管理的一个重要观点。在分析高校教师隐性知识的结构和表现形式的基础上，运用组织生态学、管理学、教育学等理论，从隐性知识栽体的视角对高校教师隐性知识转化因素进行了探讨。 相似文献
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破坏事件作为组织负效应的研究分支被组织创新领域学者广泛关注,近期基于创新理论与非契约治理中的组织惯例研究意识到,组织内外基于颠覆性创新的不同类型破坏事件有可能对组织惯例的非契约治理结果存在不同影响。基于此,本文结合双元创新理论与社会网络理论,以组织适应性作为因变量,探究不同阶段破坏事件发生的情况下双元惯例的治理选择问题。实证结果表明,在一阶破坏水平高而二阶破坏水平低的情况下利用式惯例与探索式惯例对组织适应性同样有效;在一阶破坏水平低而二阶破坏水平高的情况下探索式惯例对组织适应性存在正向促进作用而利用式惯例对组织适应性存在负向抑制作用。研究结论有利于理解破坏事件通过惯例促进组织适应性与组织绩效原因,并为企业如何利用组织双元惯例在组织变革中存活与提升组织适应性提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Yong Sauk Hau Byoungsoo Kim Heeseok Lee Young-Gul Kim 《International Journal of Information Management》2013
Due to the importance of knowledge in today's competitive world, an understanding of how to enhance employee knowledge sharing has become critical. This study develops an integrated model to understand key factors of employee knowledge sharing intentions through constructs prescribed by two established knowledge management research streams, namely, those concerning individual motivations and social capital. This study classifies employee knowledge sharing intentions as either tacit or explicit and investigates whether the level of the determinants and their influences differ between the two. The research model is tested with survey data collected from 2010 employees in multiple industries. Analysis results show that the proposed model significantly explains the variance of employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. This finding indicates that the model's unified perspective enhances our knowledge of how to improve employee knowledge sharing. The new findings reveal that organizational rewards have a negative effect on employees’ tacit knowledge sharing intentions but a positive influence on their explicit knowledge sharing intentions. The analysis results confirm that reciprocity, enjoyment, and social capital contribute significantly to enhancing employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. Additionally, these factors have more positive effects on tacit than on explicit knowledge intentions. The implications of the new findings are discussed. 相似文献
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大数据环境下知识新特征给图书馆数据质量、技术要求、信息获取和服务以及隐性知识保护等方面带来的挑战和新机遇.从自组织的内涵出发,阐释了大数据环境下知识的自组织机制的内在价值与现实意义,在自组织跨边界重叠关系下,构建一种自组织知识转移机制框架,研究契机为实现图书馆知识组织工作在既有优势和成果基础上,积极参与到大数据环境下跨边界的知识自组织研究和发展中去.在图书馆工作实践的激励政策、重组知识、跨组织边界与自组织知识转移之间的关系过程,能最大提高内部和外部嵌入式知识的有效性,促进图书馆跨组织边界合作、知识交流、学习和创新. 相似文献
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结合绩效评价理论、动机理论、社会交换理论和社会焦虑理论，通过对535名企业研发人员的问卷调查，实证检验了不同类型的同事评价对员工知识共享的影响机理。研究发现：（1）同事正面和负面评价对研发人员知识共享分别产生显著促进和削弱作用；（2）结果和过程导向的评价对知识共享均产生促进作用，其中，过程导向的评价对显性知识共享的促进作用更显著，结果导向的评价则对推动隐性知识共享更有效；（3）结果导向的评价弱化正面评价对显性知识共享的积极作用，过程导向的评价强化负面评价对隐性知识共享的消极作用；（4）在群体关注较高时，结果评价对显性知识共享的促进作用变强，对隐性知识共享的促进作用变得不显著。 相似文献
10.
知识转化灰箱模型与企业知识管理策略的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文基于知识管理理论和认知学理论,对隐性和显性知识转化过程进行了深度剖析,提出了“假隐性知识”、“假显性知识”的概念和知识转化过程的灰箱模型,并阐述了该模型在制定企业知识管理策略中的应用。 相似文献
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基于本体的隐性知识转化模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在知识经济时代，知识发挥着越来越重要的作用，实践证明隐性知识更是一种重要的知识资源。如何将隐性知识转化为可以共享的显性知识，为企业和个人服务，是当前研究的热点。本文提出了一种基于本体的隐性知识转化模型，给出了一个“手机设计原理的本体知识库”，实验证明本方法可以提高隐性知识转换速度，具有潜在的市场价值。 相似文献
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本文以控制理论、资源交换理论以及组织学习理论为基础，研究了非正式控制对企业技术创新能力的影响，探讨了知识转移在其中的中介作用和组织学习能力的调节作用。采用问卷调查的方法，收集了174家IJVs的有效问卷。通过逐步层次回归法、验证性因素分析和被调节的中介模型等方法，验证了本文提出的模型。研究表明，非正式控制对隐性知识转移以及企业技术创新具有显著的正向作用；隐性知识转移在非正式控制和企业技术创新之间起到了完全中介作用；组织学习能力在非正式控制与隐性知识转移以及隐性知识转移与企业技术创新之间起到了调节作用。 相似文献
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应用实证研究方法,通过对326份知识员工的调查问卷进行分析,探究正式控制和组织支持感对显性和隐性知识共享的影响.研究结果显示,正式控制对显性知识共享的正向影响强于其对隐性知识共享的影响;组织支持感对隐性知识共享的正向影响强于其对显性知识共享的影响.此外,正式控制和组织支持感对知识共享的联合影响强于这两个变量对知识共享的单独影响.研究结果表明有效的知识共享是多因素综合作用结果. 相似文献
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虚拟社区知识资产包括文本、图片等显性知识和成员的隐性知识。基于形式概念分析(FCA)和社会网络分析(SNA),提出了一种同时兼顾二者的知识组织模型——虚拟社区成员知识本体。首先阐明虚拟社区成员知识本体内涵,分析FCA和本体间的关系,提出采用FCA构建虚拟社区成员本体具有可行性和适用性。然后指出该过程的局限性,提出可以采用SNA发现"意见领袖"突破其局限性。最后,提出了基于FCA和SNA的虚拟社区成员知识本体构建的流程。 相似文献
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This study introduces the concept of outsourcing appropriation based on adaptive structuration theory (AST) to explore how organizations attain IT-dependent organizational agility through outsourcing appropriation. It examines the mediating role of IT alignment and the moderating roles of the adoption of cloud computing and knowledge transfer. The proposed model was tested using survey data from a sample of 170 IT executives. Our results indicate that the consensus of appropriation (COA) and faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) are positively associated with IT-dependent organizational agility, and the relationships are partially mediated by IT alignment. When adoption of cloud computing is high, the positive relationship between IT alignment and IT-dependent organizational agility becomes stronger than when it is low. Interestingly, results also show that the moderating roles of the transfer of explicit knowledge and transfer of tacit knowledge in the relationship between outsourcing appropriation and IT-dependent organizational agility vary significantly. The transfer of explicit knowledge negatively moderates the relationship between COA and agility. The transfer of tacit knowledge positively moderates the relationship between FOA and agility. These findings deepen our understanding of how organizations gain IT-dependent organizational agility in the context of IT outsourcing. 相似文献
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知识管理策略与组织知识水平关系研究——探索式与利用式学习的视角 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文从探索式学习和利用式学习的角度出发,运用计算机仿真模型,研究组织知识编码和个性化知识管理策略在不同内外环境下对组织知识水平的影响。研究表明,在组织内外环境稳定的情境下,组织知识编码策略能够快速提高组织知识水平,个性化策略则能提高组织长期知识水平;当组织有人员流动时,采用知识编码策略可以使组织知识水平与人员流动率的关系呈倒U型结构,而组织实施个性化知识管理策略时,组织知识水平负相关于人员流动率;在外部环境变动情况下,个性化策略比编码策略保持更好的组织知识水平。 相似文献
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Knowledge as a valuable asset of organizations is increasingly incorporated into thinking about strategy. Studies of knowledge management (KM) suggest that executives engaged in decision making often have a slender understanding of the strategic significance of knowledge. When addressing the challenge of explicating and designing a knowledge strategy, logics of codification and personalization have been differentiated and commended. The paper draws upon evidence from four case studies to identify factors that shape the evolving contexts of knowledge strategies. It is in these contexts that the challenge of continuously reviewing and revising the mix of codifying and personalizing aspects of strategic KM is practically accomplished. The cases are analysed with reference to external competition, leadership, organizational politics, culture and technology as a basis for advancing a more dynamic framework for the analysis of knowledge strategies. 相似文献