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1.
Measurement and analysis of soil nitrogen and organic matter content using near-infrared spectroscopy techniques 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Near infrared reflectance （N1R） spectroscopy is as a rapid, convenient and simple nondestructive technique useful for quantifying several soil properties. This method was used to estimate nitrogen （N） and organic matter （OM） content in a soil of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou County. A total of 125 soil samples were taken from the field. Ninety-five samples spectra were used during the calibration and cross validation stage. Thirty samples spectra were used to predict N and OM concentration. NIR spectra of these samples were correlated using partial least square regression. The regression coefficients between measured and predicted values of N and OM was 0.92 and 0.93, and SEP （standard error of prediction） were 3.28 and 0.06, respectively, which showed that NIR method had potential to accurately predict these constituents in this soil. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy could be a good tool for precision farming application. 相似文献
2.
基于近红外光谱结合化学模式识别中的偏最小二乘法研究了一种快速、简单和低成本检测STR基因型的方法．选择STR基因座D5S818中的总串数相差较大的10—10、11—11与13—13基因型作为研究对象,将这三个基因型样本进行标准的PCR扩增并采集PCR产物的近红外光谱,以每一基因型的任意三分之二样本作为校正集,剩余三分之一作为预测集样本,探索了基于近红外光谱进行基因分型的可能性,结果发现该三类模型能够得到正确的判别,没有误判,预测集预测率达到100％．成功实现了基于近红外光谱对STR基因型的快速、简单和低成本检测． 相似文献
3.
Application Fourier transform near infrared spectrometer in rapid estimation of soluble solids content of intact citrus fruits 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lu HS Xu HR Ying YB Fu XP Yu HY Tian HQ 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(10):794-799
INTRODUCTION Soluble solids content (SSC) is a major charac- teristic used for assessing citrus fruit quality. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used as a rapid and nondestructive technique for determining the soluble solids content of fruit. Kawano et al.(1992) measured sugar content of peaches in the wavelength region of 680~1235 nm. Their experiments indicated good correlation between the NIR spectra and the sugar content (r=0.97, SEP=0.05 °Brix). Slaughter (1995) devel… 相似文献
4.
INTRODUCTION Determination of fruit and vegetable quality is very important for both producers and processors. Watermelon as a delicious fruit has been widely ac-cepted in the world and its internal quality is impor-tant for consumers and merchants. The current fa-vorite way for checking a watermelon is to sense sound or vibration by slapping or rapping it. It is time consuming, tedious, and subject to error. Several studies on assessing the quality of watermelon based on its acoustic o… 相似文献
5.
The use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was proved to be a useful tool for quality analysis of fruits. A bifurcated fiber type NIR spectrometer, with a detection range of 800～2500 nm by lnGaAs detector, was used to evaluate the firmness of peaches. Anisotropy of NIR spectra and firmness of peaches in relation to detecting positions of different parts (including three latitudes and three longitudes) were investigated. Both spectra absorbency and firmness of peach were influenced by longitudes (i,ii, iii) and latitudes (A, B, C). For modeling, two thirds of the samples were used as the calibration set and the remaining one third were used as the validation or prediction set. Partial least square regression (PLSR) models for different longitude and latitude spectra and for the whole fruit show that collecting several NIR spectra from different longitudes and latitudes of a fruit for NIR calibration modeling can improve the modeling performance. In addition, proper spectra pretreatments like scattering correction or derivative also can enhance the modeling performance. The best results obtained in this study were from the holistic model with multiplicative scattering correction (MSC) pretreatment, with correlation coefficient of cross-validation rcv=0.864, root mean square error of cross-validation RMSECV=6.71 N, correlation coefficient of calibration r=0.948, root mean square error of cali-bration RMSEC=4.21 N and root mean square error of prediction RMSEP=5.42 N. The results of this study are useful for further research and application that when applying NIR spectroscopy for objectives with anisotropic differences, spectra and quality indices are necessarily measured from several parts of each object to improve the modeling performance. 相似文献
6.
To compare mid-infrared(MIR)and near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopies for the determination of the fat and protein contents in milk,the same sample sets with varying concentrations of fat and protein were measured in the MIR range of 3 200-700 cm-1 and NIR range of 9 000-4 000 cm-1.The spectral features in the two regions were analyzed.The MIR spectra of milk were characteristic due to the MIR inherent molecular specificity,whereas the NIR spectra were relatively characterless due to the NIR low selectivity.Partial least squares(PLS)regression models for fat and protein were developed by using both MIR and NIR spectra.MIR data with no pretreatment gave better results than NIR data.The square correlation coefficient(R2)and the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)were 0.98 and 0.10 g/dL for fat and 0.97 and 0.11 g/dL for protein.With NIR techniques,satisfactory results were not obtained with raw data.However,NIR data after pretreatment gave similarly good results to the ones using MIR method.This paper indicates that either of the MIR and NIR spectral methods is reliable for the determination of the fat and protein contents. 相似文献
7.
Xia-ping Fu Jian-ping Li Ying Zhou Yi-bin Ying Li-juan Xie Xiao-ying Niu Zhan-ke Yan Hai-yan Yu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(2):120-125
The near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique has been applied in many fields because of its advantages of simple preparation,fast response,and non-destructiveness.We investigated the potential of NIR spectroscopy in diffuse reflectance mode for determining the soluble solid content (SSC) and acidity (pH) of intact loquats.Two cultivars of loquats (Dahongpao and Jiajiaozhong) harvested from two orchards (Tangxi and Chun'an,Zhejiang,China) were used for the measurement of NIR spectra between 800 and 2500 nm.A total of 400 loquats (100 samples of each cultivar from each orchard) were used in this study.Relationships between NIR spectra and SSC and acidity of ioquats were evaluated using partial least square (PLS) method.Spectra preprocessing options included the first and second derivatives,multiple scatter correction (MSC),and the standard normal variate (SNV).Three separate spectral windows identified as full NIR (800-2500 nm),short NIR (800～1100 nm),and long NIR (1100～2500 nm) were studied in factorial combination with the preprocessing options.The models gave relatively good predictions of the SSC of loquats,with root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values of 1.21,1.00,0.965,and 1.16 °Brix for Tangxi-Dahongpao,Tangxi-Jiajiaozhong,Chun'an-Dahongpao,and Chun'an-Jiajiaozhong,respectively.The acidity prediction was not satisfactory,with the RMSEP of 0.382,0.194,0.388,and 0.361 for the above four loquats,respectively.The results indicate that NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can be used to predict the SSC and acidity of loquat fruit. 相似文献
8.
偏最小二乘法用于阿昔洛韦片的近红外漫反射快速、无损含量测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的:采用偏最小二乘法结合近红外漫反射光谱,建立阿昔洛韦片的快速无损含量测定模型.方法:以阿昔洛韦片为分析对象,用光纤探头测定近红外漫反射光谱.对光谱进行不同预处理方法建模并进行比较,多元校正模型为偏最小二乘法.结果:在11995.5～4246.7cm-1波长范围内采用一阶导数结合矢量归一化对光谱进行预处理,结果最优.定量模型的浓度范围为27%～53%.预示集平均回收率为98.69%,RSD为4.60%,RMSEP为0.0526.结论:近红外漫反射光谱法快速,简便,无损,能够用于阿昔洛韦片含量测定. 相似文献
9.
Wen-long Li Hai-fan Han Lu Zhang Yan Zhang Hai-bin Qu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(5):382-390
We have developed a set of chemometric methods to address two critical issues in quality control of a precious traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Dong’e Ejiao (DEEJ). Based on near infrared (NIR) spectra of multiple samples, the genuine manufacturer of DEEJ, e.g. Dong’e Ejiao Co., Ltd., was accurately identified among 21 suppliers by the fingerprint method using Hotelling T2, distance to Model X (DModX), and similarity match value (SMV) as discriminate criteria. Soft independent modeling of the class analogy algorithm led to a misjudgment ratio of 6.2%, suggesting that the fingerprint method is more suitable for manufacturer identification. For another important feature related to clinical efficacy of DEEJ, storage time, the partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method was applied with a satisfactory misjudgment ratio (15.6%) and individual prediction error around 1 year. Our results demonstrate that NIR spectra comprehensively reflect the essential quality information of DEEJ, and with the aid of proper chemometric algorithms, it is able to identify genuine manufacturer and determine accurate storage time. The overall results indicate the promising potential of NIR spectroscopy as an effective quality control tool for DEEJ and other precious TCM products. 相似文献
10.
Irradiated by infrared laser, the surface reducibility and adsorbability of Cu-Cr complex could be improved, owing to the interaction of photo-fragmentation and laser texturing. Analyzed by the binding energy spectra and the auger spectra, the valence states of chromium ion and copper ion were+3 and+1 after radiation respectively, which still had the reducibility to release electrons. In contrast with the near-infrared(NIR)1 064 nm and mid-infrared(MIR) 10 600 nm laser at the same average output power of 15 W, the reduced metal percentage in the Cu-Cr complex was obviously distinguished at the depth from nanometer to micron. After chemical plating, the average coating thickness and mean-square deviation of the NIR sample were 11.61 μm and 0.30 for copper layer, and 2.69 μm and 0.08 for nickel layer. The results were much better than those of the MIR sample. 相似文献
11.
Background correction in near-infrared spectra of plant extracts by orthogonal signal correction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In near-infrared （NIR） analysis of plant extracts, excessive background often exists in near-infrared spectra. The detection of active constituents is difficult because of excessive background, and correction of this problem remains difficult. In this work, the orthogonal signal correction （OSC） method was used to correct excessive background. The method was also compared with several classical background correction methods, such as offset correction, multiplicative scatter correction （MSC）, standard normal variate （SNV） transformation, de-trending （DT）, first derivative, second derivative and wavelet methods. A simulated dataset and a real NIR spectral dataset were used to test the efficiency of different background correction methods. The results showed that OSC is the only effective method for correcting excessive background. 相似文献
12.
以重楼根茎粉末为原料,加热回流提取粗皂苷后,用近红外在线检测AB-8大孔吸附树脂除杂和洗脱分离的全过程,并以近红外光谱判别变量为表征手段,将分离过程分为四个阶段。分别对每个阶段收集的洗脱液进行比色和水解,通过离线的紫外光谱和高效液相色谱分析,结果显示,用70%的乙醇对大孔吸附树脂中除杂以后的重楼总皂苷进行洗脱,基本能将重楼总皂苷分为几类有效组分群。 相似文献
13.
Li-juan XIE Xing-qian YE Dong-hong LIU Yi-bin YING 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(12):982-989
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics techniques was used to classify the pure bayberry juice and the one adulterated with 10% (w/w) and 20% (w/w) water. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to reduce the dimensions of spectral data, give information regarding a potential capability of separation of objects, and provide principal component (PC) scores for radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN). RBFNN was used to detect bayberry juice adulterant. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variate (SNV) transformation were used to preprocess spectra. The results demonstrate that PC-RBFNN with optimum parameters can separate pure bayberry juice samples from water-adulterated bayberry at a recognition rate of 97.62%, but cannot clearly detect water levels in the adulterated bayberry juice. We conclude that NIR technology can be successfully applied to detect water-adulterated bayberry juice. 相似文献
14.
本文利用线性高分子聚合物葡聚糖对大分子物质的筛分作用,通过改变大分子蛋白的电泳淌度,扩大迁移时间窗口,将无胶筛分毛细管电泳成功地运用于相互作用分析中,测定了伊贝沙坦与牛血清白蛋白之间的结合常数,建立了测定具有相似淌度的药物与蛋白之间结合常数的模型,进一步发展了毛细管电泳相互作用分析方法. 相似文献
15.
基于物理化学实验教材“最大气泡法测定液体的表面张力”实验中毛细管与液面相切难控制、毛细管鼓泡速率难控制的缺点提出了改进方案.由注射器代替滴管控制液体加入量,较容易使毛细管与液面刚好相切;采用带活塞的锥形瓶与注射器联用取代滴流瓶控制减压操作气泡形成的速率;用计算机取代人工处理实验数据和绘图.改进后的实验数据准确度和精密度均有所提高. 相似文献
16.
Corn steep liquor(CSL) is an important raw material that has high nutritional value and serves as a nitrogen source.Biotin in CSL is especially of great importance to fermentation.In order to develop a fast,versatile,cheap,and environmentally safe analytical method for quantifying vitamins B2(VB2),B3(VB3),B6(VB6) and B7(VB7) in CSL,the near-infrared spectroscopy(NIR) measurements of 66 samples(22 batches) of CSL were analyzed by partial least-square regression(PLSR).Multivariate models developed in the NIR regions showed good predictive abilities for VB2,VB3,VB6 and VB7.Results confirmed the probability of the multivariate spectroscopic approach as a replacement for expensive and time-consuming conventional chemical methods. 相似文献
17.
该文利用毛细管气相色谱法测定了三种塑料食品包装材料中邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的含量.该方法使用RTX-5为色谱柱,邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)为内标,FID为检测器,用内标标准曲线法定量.在优化的条件下,线性范围为0.035～0.560 mg/L,检出限为0.01 mg/L,相对标准偏差为0.14%～0.60%,加标回收率为99.8%～103.2%. 相似文献
18.
联合运用固相微萃取和加压毛细管电色谱(pCEC)方法测定水中痕量丙烯酰胺.以活性炭吸附富集样品中的丙烯酰胺,甲醇洗脱,萃取回收率稳定,平均为59.0%,萃取体积比可达到100倍,因此获得约60倍的富集效率.萃取洗脱液用配有紫外检测器的加压毛细管电色谱仪测定,标准曲线法定量.方法的线性下限浓度为5ng/ml,线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999. 相似文献
19.
奥扎格雷中DMF残留量的测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了直接进样毛细管气相色谱法测定奥扎格雷中DMF残留量的方法。色谱柱为HP-FFAP石英毛细管柱,采用程序升温,载气为氮气,检测器为FID,以DMSO为溶剂。在上述色谱条件下,DMF的线性范围为1.76~15.84 mg/L,平均加样回收率为95.14%。此方法可用于测定原料药中DMF的残留量。 相似文献