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Personal information management behaviors appear differently by sources and by context. This study investigates personal information spaces from a quantitative approach and factors specific information behaviors and sources into information contexts. Using the information source horizon theory as a theoretical framework, college students' information behaviors to specific information sources were investigated in three personal information contexts (academic, health, and personal history contexts). In the college setting, students' personal information horizons echo the findings of previous studies that information contexts determine information horizons in general. In addition, specific information behaviors (collect, organize, and utilize) in this study are an important factor to influence personal information horizons. Certain information activities are observed in similar patterns regardless of contexts. The study suggests that the Information Horizon theory could be expanded to include information behaviors as an important determinant. From the data, radar charts visually present the relationships between information sources and activities, and they served as a collective form of information horizon maps. 相似文献
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Lynn Sillipigni ConnawayAuthor Vitae Timothy J. DickeyAuthor VitaeMarie L. RadfordAuthor Vitae 《Library & information science research》2011,33(3):179-190
In today's fast-paced world, anecdotal evidence suggests that information tends to inundate people, and users of information systems want to find information quickly and conveniently. Empirical evidence for convenience as a critical factor is explored in the data from two multi-year, user study projects funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The theoretical framework for this understanding is founded in the concepts of bounded rationality and rational choice theory, with Savolainen's (2006) concept of time as a context in information seeking, as well as gratification theory, informing the emphasis on the seekers' time horizons. Convenience is a situational criterion in peoples' choices and actions during all stages of the information-seeking process. The concept of convenience can include their choice of an information source, their satisfaction with the source and its ease of use, and their time horizon in information seeking. The centrality of convenience is especially prevalent among the younger subjects (“millennials”) in both studies, but also holds across all demographic categories—age, gender, academic role, or user or non-user of virtual reference services. These two studies further indicate that convenience is a factor for making choices in a variety of situations, including both academic information seeking and everyday-life information seeking, although it plays different roles in different situations. 相似文献
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Placing the Internet in information source horizons. A study of information seeking by Internet users in the context of self-development 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The ways in which people perceive the relative value of the Internet when seeking information for self-development purposes were investigated. The concept of information source horizon was introduced, and it is a construct that enables one to put various information sources and channels in an order of preference to meet the requirements of information seeking. The horizon is based on one's conceptions of the characteristics of information sources, particularly their accessibility and quality. The study draws on interviews with eighteen Internet users who positioned various information sources in three zones of relevance. In their information source horizons, human sources such as friends and colleagues were preferred, followed by print media such as newspapers and books: networked sources were ranked third among six source types. Networked sources were favored for easy accessibility and opportunities to save time. The issue of “facilitating everyday life” was emphasized in this context. Also currency, broad repertoire of networked information, and the potential of the Internet to complement other services were valued highly. Critical stands on the Internet were mainly affected by the negative experiences of encountering low quality material. 相似文献
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后知识服务时代:理念、视域与转型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]知识服务进入一个新时代，各种技术环境和社会环境综合影响，知识服务面临着新的机遇与挑战。研究知识服务的发展过程，探讨新时代知识服务的理念、视域以及如何实现转型，以促进知识服务理论与实践的发展。[方法/过程]将知识服务分为前知识服务和后知识服务两个阶段，通过比较，揭示每个阶段的不同环境和特征。面向未来，从理念、视域和转型三个角度对后知识服务时代提出发展思路和要求。[结果/结论]前知识服务时代是信息服务转型的结果，呈现出技术化、信息化、数字化三大方向。后知识服务时代要求更新理念，拓展视域，从技术与人文的结合、多学科交叉、智慧化等方面促进知识服务的转型。 相似文献
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In our work, we are interested in facilitating the exploration by scholars of the geography of texts: in particular, historical narrative texts describing routes. Semantic annotation constitutes the first step to enrich such text with the necessary information for producing analytical maps. The present article focuses on the disambiguation of spatial named entities (SNE) by the attribution of an identifier of the ever-growing Web of Data. This giant knowledge base (KB) provides qualitative spatial information about geographic entities, in particular spatial relations such as (:Paris :southOf :Lille), (:Paris :country :France). We thus propose a graph-matching algorithm relying on the A* algorithm and graph-edit distances for choosing the best referent in the KB for the SNE. We performed preliminary experiments and noted the clear gain in performance. We propose some examples of maps that are built semi-automatically. Finally, we draw conclusions and describe our plans of future work. 相似文献
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文章在分析三种不同研究视域特点的基础上,梳理了近年来我国政府信息资源管理在三个视域中的主要研究进展。根据政府转型要求,提出我国政府信息资源管理研究在三个不同视域上应分别重点关注以下主题:政府信息资产运营管理;政府在线信息开放与开发服务的对策设计;政府网络舆情监测、分析、导控与应对。 相似文献
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以图书情报领域的学术信息为研究对象,选择有代表性的传统网络数据库、网络学术博客、网络学术论坛等信息平台为数据来源,采用共现分析方法构建基于不同信息源的知识图谱,包括单源、无权多源聚合、含权多源聚合、限定作者群的多源聚合等,通过对各种知识图谱进行比较分析探讨如何利用多源数据优化知识图谱的方法.研究表明,基于多源学术信息聚合的知识图谱能更好地反映知识类别的界限,知识构成更为紧密. 相似文献
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信息可视化与内容描述 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
林夏 《现代图书情报技术》2004,20(10):3-13
为了方便地对大量的数字化信息进行搜索，需要新的内容描述方法。本文介绍了几个例子和原型系统，它们指明了信息可视化技术如何被应用于内容描述。信息可视化技术使可视化内容地图可以自动生成。这些地图抽取和定义信息模型、种类和作者、概念以及其它信息实体之间的关系。这些地图还支持多种多样的交互功能，用于用户探索概念关系和隐含的信息。本文还提出了关于内容测度、内容结构和内容与内容结构的可视化显示的许多问题。我们相信，理解这些问题对于信息访问语义地图是一个显著的进步。 相似文献
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《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2013,9(1):37-66
Abstract Users of geographic data may not be able to afford to purchase and implement a dataset that does not finally meet their needs. Therefore, metadata has a very important role in the information supply environment of geographic data. The development of national/local spatial data infrastructures recognizes the importance of metadata, as do the digital libraries providing spatial data. The new ISO 19115:2003 standard of metadata for geographic information is introduced briefly. In particular, geographic information can be made available as digital maps (or images) that are meant for visual use, or as datasets meant for computational use. Metadata for digital maps is closely related to the metadata elements for conventional maps and can be enhanced by providing a sample map with the data. The case of computational use of geographic data is more complex. There are several details that may appear crucial when determining the fitness of data for an intended use. Understanding the importance of the crucial factors in each use case requires professional skills from the users of metadata. 相似文献
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基于主题图的旅游文献组织方法研究* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李清茂 《现代图书情报技术》2009,25(4):82-87
课题选取四川省阿坝州旅游文献信息资源作为研究个案,按照主题图（Topic Maps）的标准,分析旅游文献组织过程中主题及类型选取原则,定义旅游文献各种主题类型之间的关联关系,结合主题图工具软件提出旅游文献主题图构建方法,并展示旅游文献主题图的组织效果。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 目前,非物质文化遗产信息资源的组织以网站为载体,多采用传统树状或星状链接进行导航,且以地域分割,无法全面展示非物质文化遗产特色,弱化了其价值。采用新技术合理组织非物质文献遗产信息资源对非物质文献遗产的宣传与保护有重要意义。[方法/过程] 基于主题图理论和方法,建立非物质文化遗产信息资源主题图模型,并以作为世界非物质文化遗产的京剧、昆曲为例,辅以Ontopia主题图开发工具,展示非物质文化遗产信息资源主题图的生成及组织效果。[结果/结论] 主题图不仅能够合理、全面地组织非物质文化遗产信息资源,还能够以可视化的方式直观展示非物质文化遗产的历史渊源、传承脉络、流派发展等特殊属性,具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
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Even in a digitally advanced society, much of our daily lives is based in place, but information behavior research has largely ignored place as theoretically relevant to information behavior. This study explores the implications of a place-based approach to studying information practices, and examines factors that influence information seeking and sharing in place-based communities among parents of individuals with disabilities. Based on qualitative data gathered from 35 parents of individuals with disabilities, it proposes a spatial model of information source preferences based on the theory of information horizons, and discusses implications of the model for future research related to information seeking and places. It also presents substantive place-related findings about local information needs, including discussion of the local parent network as an information seeking system. 相似文献
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Comparison of oil and egg tempera paint systems using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
Zachary E. Voras Kristin deGhetaldi Brian Baade Eric Gordon Glenn Gates Thomas P. Beebe 《文物保护研究》2016,61(4):222-235
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is quickly becoming a critical tool in the field of art conservation. This technique provides high-resolution spatial maps of both inorganic and organic components located within cross-sectional samples collected from works of art. With recent advances in surface analysis, ToF-SIMS can now be used to identify specific amino acids present in protein-containing materials as well as fatty acids in drying oils. For example, the detection of the ion fragment associated with the amino acid hydroxyproline can be used to confirm the use of animal glue in a paint sample. As an analytical technique, ToF-SIMS avoids the need for derivatization/silylation reagents, with no interference by the presence of pigments. Furthermore, the layered systems that are often encountered in historical paint samples remain intact throughout the analytical procedure. This allows for the co-localization of organic and inorganic species in specific layers (e.g. egg yolk paint atop a glue ground). Because of this ability to localize the analytical signal to approximately 6?µm or less, the mass spectral information can be used to produce mass-resolved and spatially-resolve images which can be correlated to previous studies of the same samples. In this study, ToF-SIMS was used to analyze a paint cross section obtained from a painting attributed to Raphael, and another from a painting by the Sienese artist Matteo di Giovanni. 相似文献
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共链分析是网络计量学中的一种有效分析方法,但其容易受到网络搜索引擎的限制。之前有研究表明,网络博客关键词分析在多个行业领域中可以有效替代共链分析。基于此,继续探索网络博客共词法与专利计量学中申请人合作分析、共引分析方法之间的关系。通过Derwent专利数据库检索燃料电池技术的专利文献,从中分别选择专利数量和引证数量最多的30家公司,分别构建专利申请人合作矩阵和共引矩阵,并以这些公司名为关键词,在Google博客中两两检索,构建相对应的网络共词矩阵。对两组矩阵数据进行多维尺度分析,发现不同技术领域的公司所产生的集群分布有着相似性。最后,总结网络博客共词方法相对于专利计量学合作和共引分析方法中的一些特点,认为该方法也可作为专利计量学研究中不同技术领域公司聚类的替代方法,在实际行业分析中应用。 相似文献
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《Microprocessing and Microprogramming》1994,40(9):627-650
The existing conventional access methods are not suitable to many complex applications such as geographic information systems, computer-aided design, and computer vision. Therefore, it is important to use a highly efficient access method for complex applications. In this paper, we propose a new dynamic access method, called Binary divided Region (BR) tree, for spatial data and then implement search, insertion, deletion, and splitting algorithms used for the BR tree. The proposed access method is compared with the two representative spatial access methods, R-tree and R+-tree, through performance results from analytical study and simulation approach for a VLSI data.For search, when the size of a user-specified rectangular region, called query window, is relatively small, BR tree produces the best performance with respect to the number of disk accesses since it generates the smallest number of nodes and avoids overlapping of rectangles. For insertion, BR tree achieves up to 20 percent saving in the amount of storage over R-tree and R+-tree since it does not need the values of coordinates in representing a region. Also, BR tree achieves up to 60 percent saving in insertion time over R-tree and R+-tree since it does not require the reorganization of tree. 相似文献
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在科学素养导航图的启发下提出信息素质导航图的概念,分析信息素质导航图的组成、功能以及研究基础。抽取、划分、关联知识单元是信息素质导航图的研究基础;分析用户典型工作任务是绘制信息素质导航图的基础条件。信息素质导航图可以成为人们提高信息素质的有力工具。 相似文献