共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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运用实验法和数据统计法等,研究太极拳、健身气功及瑜伽这3大传统健身功法锻炼对老年人平衡能力的影响。结论:太极拳、健身气功和瑜伽对老年人平衡能力均有较好的改善作用,尤其以太极拳针对动态性平衡,而瑜伽针对静态性平衡的效果更为明显。建议:继续大力推广太极拳、健身气功和瑜伽之类的传统健身功法项目。同时,建立适合每位老年人自身需要的运动处方,并且酌情选择一至两项其它适宜的运动作为辅助项目来提高老年人的力量及协调性,以促进平衡能力的维持和改善。 相似文献
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对长期从事太极拳运动的老年人与普通老年人的心率、血压、肺活量、台阶试验指数、力量、柔韧、灵敏等各项生理指标和运动素质进行测试比较,研究结果显示：长期从事太极拳运动的老年人与普通老年人的身体机能和运动素质等大多数指标存在着明显的差异,表现为从事太极拳运动的老年人的身体机能与运动素质等指标优于普通老年人,这说明长期从事太极拳锻炼能够减少外周血管阻力,改善外周循环,降低安静心率与血压,提高肺活量和台阶指数以及力量、柔韧、灵敏等素质,对老年性外周循环障碍起到良好的保健作用,太极拳运动对减缓心、肺功能下降的速度,维持和提高老年群体身体素质具有积极的促进作用。 相似文献
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试析太极拳对老年人身心健康的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章运用文献资料法、调查分析法,对太极拳对老年人身心健康的影响进行了分析。结论认为:科学合理的太极拳锻炼不仅可以降低老年人体内脂肪的含量、改善体形、提高肺活量、降低血压、促进新陈代谢,全面提高老年人的力量、韧性、关节灵活性、平衡能力,而且对老年人在修身养性方面有着良好的效果。说明太极拳运动虽不能阻止老年人身心衰退的趋势,但在提高老年人的生命质量和延缓其衰退速度方面却有着显著的功效。 相似文献
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中老年高血压病患者太极拳运动处方的实验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以100名中老年临界性高血压、Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高血压病患者为对象,设计太极拳运动处方进行锻炼,拟对中老年高血压病患者经太极拳系统练习后的生理机能、身心状态进行科学的、系统的问卷调查和统计分析。实验结果表明,20周练习后,太极拳运动实验组感觉轻松自如、精力充沛、自觉症状改善,血压呈下降和稳定状态;Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高血压患者降压药用量减少或停止(偶尔用),表明太极拳运动具有效的降压作用。 相似文献
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太极拳对老年人心理健康影响的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用问卷调查法研究太极拳对老年人心理健康的影响。结果表明:太极拳能提高老年人的心理健康水平,特别对改善老年人焦躁神经症、躁郁症、神经质等症状效果显著;太极拳对老年人心理健康的影响存在性别差异,对改善女性躁郁症和男性神经质的效果非常显著;对心理健康总体情况的促进,女性较男性显著。 相似文献
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老年妇女从事杨式太极拳前后的某些心功能指标的变化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对２０名从事杨式太极拳练习１个月的老年妇女进行了心脏结构和功能等指标的测定，结果发现：杨式太极拳可提高老年妇女的心室厚度和收缩幅度，尤其是提高左室后壁厚度和收缩幅度，说明心室壁血波供应得到改善；可使受试者安静时的心率、血压均明显降低，每搏输出量和射血分数均明显升高，揭示老年人从事杨式太极拳练习可改善其心肌血液供应，提高心肌泵血功能。 相似文献
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通过在部分存在心理障碍的大学生中应用太极拳健心运动处方,对处方实施后的心理效果进行评价和探讨.实验结果表明:太极拳健心运动处方对大学生的心理健康水平具有明显改善效果,特别是对抑郁、焦虑症状具有很好的治疗效果. 相似文献
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运动处方干预对老年女性心理健康的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对66名老年女性施予为期7个月的以简化24式太极拳为主要内容的运动处方干预,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对老年女性太极拳锻炼前心理健康水平进行综合分析,研究结果表明,太极拳锻炼能提高老年女性的心理健康水平,症状自评量表(SCL-90)可以应用于对体育效果的客观评价;运动处方干预下老年女性心理因素的变化表现为2个月有良性的影响,4个月有明显改善,是改善心理疾病的见效期,7个月是心理健康水平达到最好的时期;运动处方的干预促进了老年女性的心理健康. 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献