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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。 相似文献
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朱新新 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(3):52-53,57
本文运用文献资料法,逻辑分析法,在遵循逻辑学、哲学、心理学原理的前提下,对竞技健美操技术的概念进行了界定,对竞技健美操技术进行了分类研究,在此基础上分析了竞技健美操技术的结构,为系统、科学的组织竞技健美操的教学和训练提供理论上的参考,为促进竞技健美操理论体系的完善和协调发展做出一定的贡献。 相似文献
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本文运用文献资料法、历史法、因素分析等方法,从体育考古学的角度对古滇国主要墓葬群出土文物进行深入研究.研究表明：古滇文化已具备体育文化构建因子,滇国在重大节日举行的斗牛、竞渡、磨秋、剽牛祭祀等民俗活动中已彰显出体育的特色,是古滇民族主要的民俗体育活动形式.古滇人民观念不羁、思想无垠,演绎了独具特色的古滇民俗体育文化,是我们中华民族灿烂辉煌的体育文化中的一支奇葩. 相似文献
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进入21世纪以来,我国经济进入经济转型期,内需拉动型经济成为我国经济发展的新方向。人口数量的激增,老龄化程度的加重成为了我国经济发展的又一障碍。重视老年人蕴藏的巨大社会价值,发展老年体育产业将成为我国增强内需的一条新思路。 相似文献
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M. Jordan E. J. Wright A. Purser A. Grundy E. Joyes N. Wright 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(7):756-769
Capoeira could be defined as a Brazilian martial art and game to be played. This research explored how capoeira play might be considered to facilitate connectedness amongst newly-recruited persons, plus any other ramifications of capoeira involvement. A beginners’ course of capoeira was provided to participants, free of charge, in an English city in the West Midlands—new capoeiristas in a new venue for capoeira. Researchers attended classes to collect/construct overt non-participant observation data. In addition, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with the new capoeiristas post-course. This article explores researchers’ observation fieldnotes and interviewees’ narratives. These qualitative data-driven debates include the concepts: self, identity, escapism, multiparty endeavour, community, temporality, enjoyment, and transcending boundaries. Capoeira is theorised in a fresh manner that highlights social benefits of capoeira—for example as an enjoyable and supportive group endeavour which includes elements of social play and community-building—plus benefits for self that can transcend the boundaries of the class. Findings highlight how capoeira can be considered an inherently multiparty endeavour whereby social actors form, and experience, a community in order to embrace capoeira play. Data suggest capoeira can facilitate group playfulness, joviality, and laughter. Further, capoeiristas can enact and experience—some mode of—escapism via capoeira, whereby new place and pursuit can facilitate hedonistic diversion from the mundane. Capoeira appears to provide adventure and liberation into a relatively unburdened part of, or place in, social life. Corporeal and discursive boundary-empowerment can also be experienced by capoeiristas, fostering positive identity work in the wider world. Capoeira can be argued to facilitate mutuality (e.g. community experience and group work) and egoism (e.g. an individual's identity work) concurrently. This research suggests that modified capoeira for beginners can be beneficial for both the new capoeiristas themselves and for positive community action during and beyond class. 相似文献
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我国高校高水平运动队建设亟须立法保障,在总结与分析高校高水平运动队立法建设问题的基础上,从经费管理、学训矛盾、竞赛体制、管理权限以及对运动员赔偿保障等几个方面探讨了高校高水平运动队立法建设的构想。应尽快制定《学校体育促进法》来规范高校竞技体育事业,使其健康可持续的发展。 相似文献
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我国少年女子排球运动员身体形态的现状分析与评价 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
立足于对我国少年女子排球运动员的身体形态所特有的内在规律进行研究,为我国排球运动的主管部门和各省、市运动队的教练员提供相关的信息和科学决策依据,为提高选材的质量和实施科学化训练而服务。 相似文献
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儒、道、释三家对中国武术的作用与影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文通过文献资料法,论述了儒、道、释三家对武术文化不同的渗透和影响。在中国武术史上,儒、道、释三家对中国武术都起着不同程度的推动作用,丰富了武术的内涵,加快了武术发展的速度。 相似文献
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王永立 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):37-38,47
CUBA是在特定的历史时期和历史条件下产生的,是中国篮球改革与中国高校体育教育结合的一项重大突破。CUBA联赛呈现出蓬勃发展的势头,其整体水平逐年提高,社会影响力和发展潜力也越来越被看好。所有这一切折射出高校体育社会化、产业化、职业化发展的广阔前景。结合CUBA现状,分析了我国大学生篮球联赛的发展历程和特点,探讨了CUBA的发展之路,促进中国篮球运动水平的提高。 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、录像观察法和数理统计法等,对2010年澳大利亚网球公开赛我国女子网球选手李娜、郑洁和冠军小威以及世界一流选手海宁各六场比赛进行比较分析。研究结果表明：李娜、郑洁在一发成功率、破发成功率指标上优于小威和海宁两位国外选手,在ACES球、双误、一发得分率、二发得分率、主动得分等指标上和国外两位选手有着明显的差异性。本文通过找出她们之间的差距,进而找出制约中国女子网球技战术发展的桎梏,透视中国女子网球运动员的发展,为中国女子网球运动员在以后的大满贯赛事中冲击金牌的可能性提供参考依据,对当前女子网球运动员存在的问题提出相应的对策。 相似文献
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本文运用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析等方法,通过对近年来全国学生体质数据研究分析,我国学生的体质与健康状况不容乐观,尤其是中学生体质健康状况令人担忧.为了提高我国学生体质健康水平的提升,树立＂健康第一＂的指导思想,我们必须从多层面提出行之有效的策略方针,为教育行政部门科学指导学校体育工作提供有利的理论依据,也为体育教师和家长提供参考. 相似文献
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李芳 《武汉体育学院学报》2002,36(1):145-146
钢琴伴奏是体操训练中不可缺少的重要训练手段，而钢琴伴奏在其中的重要性及伴奏本人所具备的心、神、气、化还未被人们所认识。对这4个方面进行初步论述，以引起人们对这4个方面的重视。 相似文献
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回顾了跳高技术的演变过程，探讨了当今跳高技术的主要特征：快速助跑，快速起跳，快速摆动肢体，最后提出训练的指导思想和原则。 相似文献