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本文旨在探讨汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语言加工技能缺陷及其对汉语阅读的影响.以58对汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童和正常对照组儿童为被试,进行语音意识、语素意识、命名速度和汉语阅读技能测试.结果发现:(1)汉语发展性阅读障碍组各项语言加工技能指标均低于对照组;(2)各项语言加工技能与汉语识字及阅读理解均有中等程度相关,可 在一定程度上预测汉语阅读水平,但总预测率低于50％;(3)识字水平在各项语言加工技能与阅读理解之间均起完全中介作用.研究结果显示:语言加工缺陷是汉语发展性阅读障碍 的重要发生机制,它通过影响识字水平进而影响阅读理解水平. 相似文献
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发展性阅读障碍是高职英语教学中常见的学习障碍,语音障碍、视觉注意困难和快速命名障碍等都能导致阅读障碍。为解决学生的阅读障碍问题,教师应训练学生的语音意识、词素意识和阅读策略。 相似文献
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比较汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童和阅读正常儿童完成同音语素分辨任务和语素构词任务的情况,测查汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语素分辨及运用能力。研究一考察了语素分辨能力,结果发现:与阅读正常儿童相比,阅读障碍儿童完成语素分辨任务的反应时更长、准确率更低。研究二考察了语素运用能力,结果发现:与阅读正常儿童相比,阅读障碍儿童完成语素运用相关任务的反应时更长、正确率更低。两个研究的结果提示我们,汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童存在语素意识缺陷,从语素分辨能力到语素运用能力的落后,说明语素意识缺陷是造成汉语发展性阅读障碍的重要原因,汉语的语素意识在儿童阅读中起着至关重要的作用。 相似文献
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本研究基于听写障碍儿童存在视觉辨别、形音联结缺陷的研究结果,对听写障碍儿童进行有针对性的认知干预训练,并进行实验比较.研究表明:视觉辨别、形音联结的干预能相应地提高听写障碍儿童的视觉辨别能力和形音联结能力;对于汉字学习来说,形音联结、视觉辨别相结合的综合干预训练比单一的视觉辨别、形音联结干预训练效果好.视觉辨别与形音联结相结合的综合认知干预方案更能提高听写障碍儿童相应的认知能力,促进听写障碍儿童的汉字学习质量. 相似文献
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发展性阅读障碍一直是教育学和心理学关注的热点,但阅读作为一种逐步习得的技能,很少有研究者从学习能力的视角出发,探索技能随着时间和练习而发展变化的历程.文章在回顾了阅读障碍研究的理论框架之后,从学习的角度,阐述了配对联想学习能力与阅读之间的关系,分析了语言特异性学习能力缺陷及其与语音缺陷之间的关系,介绍了汉语阅读障碍的学习能力研究现状,为今后的理论研究和训练矫治提供了一个新视角. 相似文献
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翁晓倩 《Journal of Zhangzhou Technical Institute》2012,14(2):56-59
通过对近年来汉字形音转换方面的研究回顾,讨论和总结了影响汉字形音转换快慢的因素一形声字的规则性和一致性。研究者发现：规则性高的形声字比规则性低的形声字命名速度快,一致性高的形声字比一致性低的形声字命名快。研究者们确定了汉字整字发音时部件为念字提供线索的事实。但与拼音文字相比,这样的研究成果却不足以建立起汉字形音转换的可靠模式,而且这些结果中也鲜有研究涉及独体字。应当在部件提供线索的基础上,进一步探索不透明汉字的形音转换的可靠模式,理清汉字通达的心理过程,为进-一步探究儿童阅读发展建立基础。 相似文献
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Thirty 8–11‐year‐old children were administered tests of rapid naming (RAN letters and digits) and reading‐related skills. Consistent with the hypothesis that RAN predicts reading because it assesses the ability to establish arbitrary mappings between visual symbols and verbal labels, RAN accounted for independent variance in exception word reading when phonological skills were controlled. Response timing analysis of different components of RAN digits and letters revealed that neither average item duration nor average pause duration were unique predictors of reading skill. However, the number of pauses on digit naming predicted unique variance in exception word reading. Moreover, better readers paused more strategically than poorer readers (e.g. more often at the ends of lines). We suggest that rapid automatised naming may in part reflect differences in strategic control that are a result of differences in reading practice and experience. 相似文献
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The simple view of reading (SVR) proposes that reading comprehension is the product of two constructs, namely decoding and linguistic comprehension. The present study examined the adequacy of an extended SVR in Chinese. Participants were 190 pairs of Chinese twin children of Grades 1–3 recruited in Hong Kong. The children were given Chinese measures of decoding (character reading, word reading, and 1-min word reading), linguistic comprehension (morphological awareness, vocabulary, morphosyntactic skills, and discourse skills), rapid naming (Chinese digits, English digits, and English letters), and passage reading comprehension (with multiple-choice and open-ended questions). Results of structural equation modeling showed that the direct paths from decoding and linguistic comprehension to reading comprehension were significant, but that from rapid naming was not. For the role of rapid naming in reading comprehension, the best fitting model showed that the contribution of rapid naming to reading comprehension was fully mediated by decoding. The model explained a total of 83% of the variance in reading comprehension. Therefore, the present findings support the SVR in a Chinese writing system; rapid naming may reflect some basic visual-verbal learning ability which is important for acquiring word recognition skills. 相似文献
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Rapid serial naming tasks are frequently used to explain variance in reading skill. However, the construct being measured
by rapid naming is yet undetermined. The Phonological Processing theory suggests that rapid naming relates to reading because
of similar demands of access to long-term stored phonological representations of visual stimuli. Some researchers have argued
that isolated or discrete-trial naming is a more precise measure of lexical access than serial naming, thus it is likely that
any shared variance between these two formats can be attributed to similar lexical access demands. The present study examined
whether there remained any variance in reading ability that could be uniquely explained by the rapid naming task while controlling
for isolated naming. Structural equation modeling was used to examine these relations within the context of the phonological
processing model. Results indicated that serial naming uniquely predicted reading, and the relation was stronger with isolated
naming controlled for, suggesting that isolated naming functioned as a suppressor variable in the relation of serial naming
with reading. 相似文献
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We investigated influences of non‐alphanumeric rapid naming on decoding skill growth for regularly and irregularly spelled English words. In a longitudinal study, 52 at‐risk and 69 not‐at‐risk readers were tracked from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Non‐alphanumeric rapid naming ability measured in Grade 1 accounted for unique variance in irregular word decoding in early Grade 2 – strong rapid naming was associated with strong irregular word decoding. An interaction between reading risk status and Grade 1 rapid naming indicated that the influence of Grade 1 rapid naming ability on growth in irregular word decoding was different for at‐risk than not‐at‐risk readers. Non‐alphanumeric rapid naming can have predictive validity as a marker for identifying specific difficulties in learning to read irregular words in at‐risk readers. Results indicate that rapid naming plays a general role in irregular word reading and a specific role in at‐risk readers' growth in irregular word decoding. 相似文献
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Reading ability is comprised of several component processes. In particular, the connection between the visual and verbal systems has been demonstrated to play an important role in the reading process. The present study provides a review of the existing literature on the visual verbal connection as measured by two tasks, rapid serial naming and isolated (or discrete-trial) naming speed, as they relate to reading ability. For each identified study, a secondary data analysis was conducted using the provided correlations between serial naming, isolated naming, and reading. The same analysis was repeated for average population-level correlations among these constructs using meta-analytic weighting techniques. Results suggested that isolated naming acts as a suppressor variable in the relation of serial naming with reading, indicating that there exists at least one cognitive component of the serial naming task that is predictive of reading but is not shared with isolated naming speed. The effect has several implications for understanding the underlying cognitive components reading ability, which are discussed. 相似文献
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This study examined the relation between the performance in a visual search task and reading ability in 92 third-grade Hong Kong Chinese children. The visual search task, which is considered a measure of visual-spatial attention, accounted for unique variance in Chinese character reading after controlling for age, nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, morphological awareness, phonological awareness, orthographic knowledge, and rapid automatized naming. Visual search skill also explained unique variance in reading comprehension after further controlling for Chinese character reading. The findings of the present study underscore the importance of visual-spatial attention for Chinese reading, at both the character and text levels. 相似文献
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Kevin K. H. Chung Jason C. M. Lo Connie S.-H. Ho Xiaoyun Xiao David W. Chan 《Annals of dyslexia》2014,64(3):222-247
This study aims to investigate the relation of syntactic and discourse skills to morphological skills, rapid naming, and working memory in Chinese adolescent readers with dyslexia and to examine their cognitive–linguistic profiles. Fifty-two dyslexic readers (mean age, 13;42) from grade 7 to 9 in Hong Kong high schools were compared with 52 typically developing readers of the same chronological age (mean age, 13;30) in the measures of word reading, 1-min word reading, reading comprehension, morpheme discrimination, morpheme production, morphosyntactic knowledge, sentence order knowledge, digit rapid naming, letter rapid naming, backward digit span, and non-word repetition. Results showed that dyslexic readers performed significantly worse than their peers on all the cognitive-linguistic tasks. Analyses of individual performance also revealed that over half of the dyslexic readers exhibited deficits in syntactic and discourse skills. Moreover, syntactic skills, morphological skills, and rapid naming best distinguished dyslexic from non-dyslexic readers. Findings underscore the significance of syntactic and discourse skills for understanding reading impairment in Chinese adolescent readers. 相似文献
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Abstract. In this study, we investigated the relationships between rapid naming of letters, digits and colours, and reading ability and executive function. We gave fifty-six grade three and four children rapid automatised naming tasks using letters and digits as stimuli, executive function measures including the Stroop task, a working memory task and the Trailmaking B task. The latter three tasks were used as measures of executive function. We also administered tests of verbal ability, reading and a behaviour checklist. The rapid naming of letters and digits was significantly correlated with reading, but not with executive function or behaviour ratings. The rapid naming of colours (from the Stroop task) was significantly correlated with the executive function tasks and the behaviour ratings but not with reading. We discuss the implications of this double dissociation for further studies of RAN. 相似文献