共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 390 毫秒
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再生练习是对肌肉、韧带、痛点、扳机点和淋巴系统进行按摩的有效方法,它不仅可以加快炎症的消除,而且还对及早发现潜在运动损伤具有十分重要的预警作用。本文着重对软组织按摩、小腿后群肌肉按摩、大腿肌群按摩、臀部肌肉按摩、肩部肌肉按摩、腰部肌肉按摩、背部肌肉按摩等方法进行详细阐述,帮助读者科学地做好再生练习。 相似文献
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胰岛素样生长因子- I 对骨骼肌生长和修复研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生长激素（GH）／胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）轴是肌肉生长的重要调节因子之一。虽然许多组织都能表达IGF-I，但它们各自的功能不同。骨骼肌是IGF—I的靶器官，同时也分泌IGF—I。骨骼肌组织表达的IGF—I对骨骼肌损伤后的再生、修复非常重要，也是通过适当干预保持肌肉质量的重要调节因素。主要讨论GH／IGF—I在促进骨骼肌再生和修复中的作用，并讨论其在运动康复中的应用前景。 相似文献
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胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对骨骼肌生长和修复研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
生长激素(GH)/胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)轴是肌肉生长的重要调节因子之一.虽然许多组织都能表达IGF-Ⅰ,但它们各自的功能不同.骨骼肌是IGF-Ⅰ的靶器官,同时也分泌IGF-Ⅰ.骨骼肌组织表达的IGF-Ⅰ对骨骼肌损伤后的再生、修复非常重要,也是通过适当干预保持肌肉质量的重要调节因素.主要讨论GH/IGF-Ⅰ在促进骨骼肌再生和修复中的作用,并讨论其在运动康复中的应用前景. 相似文献
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近几十年来对肌肉生理学的研究进展改变了过去的一些观点。与早期的观点形成鲜明对照的是,肌肉组织具有极强的再生能力,其中损伤周围细胞起重要作用,达到理想再生能力的先决条件是充分的血供,完整无缺的组织层次和神经分布未受干扰。骨骼肌具有明显的可塑性,使其能随机能变化的需要而作相应调节,已经发现肌纤维末端肌小节的增减可调整肌纤维的长度。调节肌小节的数量以 相似文献
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美国科学家经过二十年的研究,如今终于完成了一项重要的动物试验;将肌肉变成活的骨组织,并获得成功。这项新的科学成果的深远意义在于能为先天性骨缺陷者再造新骨;为后天严重骨折者再生骨骼;取代因其他疾患引起骨病变的骨关节及研制软骨等。 相似文献
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李骁君 《天津体育学院学报》2011,26(1):34-36
利用纳米磁性颗粒将bFGF定位于大鼠骨骼肌钝挫伤部位,考察该方法对大鼠急性骨骼肌钝挫伤恢复过程中收缩应力及MHC-Ⅱb表达影响。研究结果表明,bFGF对大鼠腓肠肌钝挫伤后第17、24天的收缩力有明显提高。损伤后第2～10天,bFGF包裹组与其余各组之间的MHC-ⅡbmRNA表达差异显著(P<0.05)。因此,磁纳米化的bFGF能明显改善大鼠急性骨骼肌钝挫伤后的收缩应力衰减,显著促进损伤肌肉MHC-ⅡbmRNA的表达,改善损伤肌肉再生和结构修复。 相似文献
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依据运动时肌肉收缩的直接能源ATP再生途径的差异，运动生理学将人体的运动区分为耗氧再生ATP的有氧性运动和不耗氧再生ATP的无氧性运动。就某一具体的运动而言，如何了解其代谢实质，这便需要我们有一种客观的度量方法和判别标准。起初，世界著名的健身专家、美国德克萨斯州达拉斯有氧运动中心的库四（K，H．CooPer）博士曾以运动时的心率达到个人最大心率的50—85％（视健康水平而定）作为确保机体处于有氧代谢状态和取得良好有氧练习效果的基本条件，该标准后来被广泛地运用于健康体育、医疗体育乃至竞技体育中最佳有氧习强度的控… 相似文献
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1、排球运动所需要的身体素质 1.1肌肉力量任何一个动作都是由肌肉收缩完成的,肌肉收缩的能力就是肌肉力量。肌肉力量是所有运动发生的原动力。根据肌肉收缩的速度和持续的时间,肌肉力量可分为肌肉爆发力和肌肉耐久力两种。爆发力是指肌肉瞬间发生的收缩能力,象扣球这种最受肌肉力量影响的技术,主要靠爆发 相似文献
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完善裁判员执裁督察工作的对策研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:观察不同频率电针对再生过程中神经组织形态学以及失神经支配的腓肠肌肌细胞形态计量学的影响。方法:构建坐骨神经截断后神经再生室,以5Hz和100Hz电针刺激患侧环跳、足三里和三阴交穴,每次治疗10min,隔日一次,每周治疗3次,设对照组。各组治疗时间为14周。神经组织HE染色、神经纤维银染、髓鞘砂罗铬花青染色以及超微结构的观察电针治疗组和对照组的再生组织形态学变化;取腓肠肌组织HE染色,应用PixeraProPlus专业图像分析系统(美国产),测量肌细胞直径、截面积,取其平均值。结果:电针刺激能明显促进坐骨神经损伤后神经组织形态及失神经支配腓肠肌肌细胞的恢复,其中以5Hz电针组治疗效果最佳,从而说明电针是促进周围神经损伤再生的重要手段。 相似文献
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低功率激光对急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞增殖活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
目的：观察低功率激光照射对急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞增殖活性的影响。方法：将采用打击装置造成后下肢肌群顿挫伤的60只大鼠随机分为激光治疗组（30只）和自然愈合组（30只）。激光治疗组采用美国Erchonia EML（ML2）型低功率激光器对损伤局部进行照射，自然愈合组不进行治疗。通过HE染色光镜、透射电镜观察方法分析低功率激光照射对大鼠急性骨骼肌顿挫伤组织学愈合进程的影响；并通过免疫组织化学方法检测增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen，PCNA）分析低功率激光照射对肌卫星细胞增殖活性的影响。结果：低功率激光照射能加速骨骼肌的再生，促进损伤修复；低功率激光照射对急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞有较强的促增殖作用。结论：低功率激光能增强急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞增殖活性，从而加速骨骼肌的再生，促进损伤修复。 相似文献
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《运动与健康科学(英文)》2023,12(5):557-567
This review highlights some established and some more contemporary mechanisms responsible for heart failure (HF)-induced skeletal muscle wasting and weakness. We first describe the effects of HF on the relationship between protein synthesis and degradation rates, which determine muscle mass, the involvement of the satellite cells for continual muscle regeneration, and changes in myofiber calcium homeostasis linked to contractile dysfunction. We then highlight key mechanistic effects of both aerobic and resistance exercise training on skeletal muscle in HF and outline its application as a beneficial treatment. Overall, HF causes multiple impairments related to autophagy, anabolic-catabolic signaling, satellite cell proliferation, and calcium homeostasis, which together promote fiber atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and impaired regeneration. Although both wasting and weakness are partly rescued by aerobic and resistance exercise training in HF, the effects of satellite cell dynamics remain poorly explored. 相似文献
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目的:观察针刺对急性骨骼肌钝挫伤大鼠卫星细胞增殖的影响。方法:将采用打击装置造成后下肢腓肠肌钝挫伤的大鼠随机分为即刻组、针刺治疗组、自然愈合组。针刺治疗组采用阿是穴针刺疗法,自然愈合组不治疗。结果:针刺治疗组肌卫星细胞核数在大鼠伤后第2天时达高峰,而自然愈合组在伤后第4天达高峰,之后呈下降趋势。在损伤后第1天、第2天、第4天,针刺治疗组大鼠肌卫星细胞核数目均比自然愈合组多,且在损伤后第2天显著高于自然愈合组。结论:大鼠骨骼肌损伤后,针刺能促进肌卫星细胞的增殖并促使活跃期提前出现,促进肌肉再生,加速损伤愈合的进程。 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):325-340
Abstract The ageing neuromuscular system is affected by structural and functional changes that lead to a general slowing down of neuromuscular performance and an increased risk of falling. As a consequence, the process of ageing results in a reduced ability to develop maximal and explosive force, as well as in deficits in static and dynamic postural control. A decrease in the number and size of type II fibres in particular accounts for the age-related decline in muscle mass (sarcopaenia) and strength performance. Multiple denervation and re-innervation processes of muscle fibres seem to be responsible for the reduced number of muscle fibres. Recently, it has been suggested that it is not the decline in motoneurons that accounts for the loss in number of muscle fibres but the disturbed potential of fibre regeneration and re-innervation. Furthermore, an age-related reduction in the number of satellite cells has also been associated with sarcopaenia. The ability to compensate for platform and gait perturbations deteriorates with ageing as reflected in longer onset latencies and inefficient postural responses. All sites within the somatosensory system are affected by ageing and therefore contribute to postural instability. However, morphological changes of muscle spindles appear primarily to be responsible for the impaired ability to compensate for balance threats in old age. Given these neuromuscular limitations in old age, it is important to apply adequate training interventions that delay or even reverse the onset of these constraints. Strength training has the potential to enhance maximal as well as explosive force production capacity. This is accomplished by neural factors, including an improved recruitment pattern, discharge rate, and synchronization of motor units. Furthermore, an increase in number of satellite cells most likely accounts for training-induced muscle hypertrophy. Recent studies have investigated the impact of balance training in old age on the ability to develop maximal and explosive force. In addition, the effects of balance training on reflex activity during gait perturbations were also examined. Increases in maximal and explosive force production capacity and an improved ability to compensate for gait perturbations were observed. It is evident from the literature that researchers are increasingly studying the effects of more specifically designed training programmes on performance in populations of older adults. Thus, in the near future, strength training could be replaced by high-velocity forms of power training and balance training by perturbation-based training programmes. It is hypothesized that this new approach is more efficient in terms of fall prevention than the traditional approach. 相似文献
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Lindsey J. Anderson Lucinda L. Baker E. Todd Schroeder 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(2):193-202
Purpose: Acute muscle damage after exercise triggers subsequent regeneration, leading to hypertrophy and increased strength after repeated exercise. It has been debated whether acute exercise-induced muscle damage is altered under various premenopausal estrogen conditions. Acute contraction-induced muscle damage was compared during exogenous (oral contraceptive, OC), endogenous (luteal phase, HI), or low (menses, LO) estrogen in healthy young women aged 21 to 30 years old. Methods: Women (OC, n = 9; HI, n = 9; LO, n = 8; total N = 26) performed 1 neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) bout. Soreness, measured via visual analog scale and the Likert Scale of Muscle Soreness for Lower Limb (LSMSLL), quadriceps strength, and plasma myoglobin (Mb), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor were measured before and after NMES. Results: NMES performance was similar across groups. Meaningful within-group increases in Mb (effect size [ES] = 1.12) and IL-8 (ES = 0.38) occurred in LO; ES for HI and OC were trivial. ES of the between-group difference in change was moderate for Mb (LO vs. HI = 1.15) and IL-8 (LO vs. HI = 0.86; LO vs. OC = 0.73). 17-β estradiol correlated moderately and negatively with Mb relative change (r = –.52, p < .05). LO had ~5% greater strength loss than OC and HI. The mean change score for the LSMSLL 2 days post-NMES was clinically greater in LO than OC or HI. Conclusions: Acute NMES-induced indicators of muscle fiber damage and qualitative muscle soreness may be attenuated during the luteal phase or active OC pill consumption compared with the menstrual phase. 相似文献
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细胞自噬的分子学机制及运动训练的调控作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
细胞自噬(autophagy)是真核细胞中普遍存在的生命现象,是将细胞内变形、衰老或损伤的蛋白质和细胞器转运到溶酶体腔中消化降解的一种代谢过程。它的分子发生机制和信号调控机制非常复杂且高度保守,其中,mTOR和Beclin1作为各种调控通路的汇集点发挥了至关重要的作用。不同形式与强度的运动训练对细胞自噬也有一定的调节作用。一般来说,适宜强度的运动训练可通过上调细胞自噬水平,降解由于运动刺激所积累的损伤细胞器和代谢废物,为细胞再生提供一定的能量与合成底物,并在抑制自噬相关疾病的发生发展方面具有建设性作用。但过度训练则会因为细胞自噬的过度激活从而过多降解胞浆中的蛋白质和细胞器,导致细胞损伤或疲劳,甚至可能诱发自噬性细胞死亡。另外,运动训练还能通过调节与细胞自噬相关的信号通路对骨骼肌质量产生重要作用。 相似文献
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大鼠骨骼肌模拟急性拉伤的生物力学实验研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
根据现有肌肉急性拉伤动物模型中存在的问题,即:拉伤前肌肉的机能水平低,拉伤过程中肌肉为静息状态、拉伸速率慢、拉伸幅度大等,结合运动实践,复制了肌肉急性拉伤动物模型,并从生物力学角度进行了研究,其结果如下:1)肌肉在收缩状态下拉伤(离心工作),能够影响肌肉中肌纤维与肌鞘(结缔组织)受损比例,结缔组织受损明显增加。2)肌肉的拉伸速率快,为300％的肌纤维长度/s,明显优于其它学者的模型(6.8％～68％)肌纤维长度/s),更好地模拟运动实践中肌肉急性拉伤的状况(400％肌纤维长度/s)。3)肌肉拉伸时的幅度小,为其肌腹长度的24％,在肌肉正常生理运动范围之内;这样不仅符合运动实践中肌肉离心收缩幅度小的特点,而且在模型中也避免了肌肉邻近关节受损的可能性,从而提高了模型的质量。 相似文献