共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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Dr. Richard G. Schlaadt 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):364-367
Abstract This study compared the effectiveness of team teaching and traditional teaching methods in increasing the health knowledge of 114 sophomore high school health students. To determine the difference between the methods, the following groups were analyzed: (a) girls and boys combined, (b) girls separately, (c) boys separately, (d) girls and boys of superior mental abilities, (e) girls and boys of average mental abilities, and (f) girls and boys of below-average mental abilities. All students participating in the study were given the Shaw Health Knowledge Test as a pretest and final test. Although the groups taught by the team-teaching method showed a greater increase in health knowledge than those taught by the traditional method, only the students of superior mental ability taught by the team-teaching method showed a statistically significant gain according to an analysis of variance. 相似文献
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Amanda M. George Alexsandra da Silva Bandeira Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho Linda E. Rohr Adair da Silva Lopes 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(5):500-506
This study evaluated whether the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is mediated by social support of peers and parents. A cross-sectional study included students (n = 1182) aged 11 to 18 years who were recruited in 2014 from public schools in Fortaleza, Brazil. Participants completed a questionnaire to assess all variables. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the role of parental support and peer support on the relationship between SES and MVPA. Also, moderated-mediation analyses with estimating of conditional indirect effects were performed in order to identify whether gender is a moderator of the mediating effect. A positive and significant association between SES and MVPA was found among Brazilian students, and social support of parents and peers were significant mediators of this relationship. Conditional indirect effects showed that both parental and peer support had a significant indirect effect among boys; only parental support had a significant indirect effect among girls. These results suggest that improving social support can help reduce the impact of SES on physical activity among Brazilian adolescents. 相似文献
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目的:探讨中学生性别角色与体质健康之间的关系,验证性别在二者之间的调节作用。方法: 对北京市864名中学生体质健康水平进行测试,并采用问卷收集学生性别角色的数据。使用SPSS20.0和SPSSAU对数据进行分析。结果: 男生在体质健康水平上比女生低10分左右;对男生而言,男性化特质对体质健康具有正向预测作用,女性化特质对体质健康具有负向预测作用,而女生的性别角色对体质健康没有预测作用。结论: (1)男生在体质健康水平上显著低于女生;(2)性别在性别角色与体质健康之间起调节作用,男生的体质健康水平比女生更易受到性别角色的影响。 相似文献
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目的：探讨不同体育锻炼类型对大学生生命质量的影响,为推动高校体育教学改革,提高大学生生命质量提供参考。方法：随机抽取定西师范高等专科学校男女生各90名进行中等强度的力量和有氧耐力练习实验,采用SF-36量表进行调查分析。结果：被试18周后,大学生生命质量因子均不同程度的提高;不同性别,相同体育锻炼类型力量练习除生理功能和活力因子发生显著性变化外（P〈0．05）,其它因子变化均不明显;有氧耐力练习除生理功能、躯体疼痛、精神健康因子发生显著性变化外（P〈0．05）,其它因子变化均不明;相同性别,不同体育锻炼类型男生在社会功能、活力、精神健康因子有方差显著性差异（P〈0．05）;女子在生理功能、社会功能因子有方差显著性差异（P〈0．05）,在活力、精神健康因子有方差极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：有氧耐力练习比力量练习更能提高大学生的生命质量。 相似文献
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Daniel Mayorga-Vega Alejandro Martínez-Baena Jesús Viciana 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(17):1913-1922
Physical education has been highlighted as an important environment for physical activity promotion, however, to our knowledge there are no previous studies examining the contribution of physical education to daily accelerometer-measured physical activity and non sedentary behaviour. The purpose was to compare the accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour between physical education, non-physical education and weekend days in adolescents. Of the 394 students from a Spanish high school that were invited to participate, 158 students (83 boys and 75 girls) aged 13–16 years were analyzed (wear time ≥ 600 min). Participants’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour were objectively-measured by GT3X+ accelerometers during physical education (one session), non-physical education and weekend days. Results indicated that overall adolescents had statistically significant greater physical activity levels and lower values of sedentary behaviour on physical education days than on non-physical education and weekend days (e.g., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity = 71, 54 and 57 min; sedentary = 710, 740 and 723 min) (p < 0.05). Physical education contributes significantly to reducing students’ daily physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour. Increasing the number of physical education classes seems to be an effective strategy to reduce the high current prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour in adolescence. 相似文献
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Self-belief does make a difference: a reciprocal effects model of the causal ordering of physical self-concept and gymnastics performance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A large body of research in support of the reciprocal effects model of causal ordering demonstrates that prior academic self-concept predicts subsequent academic achievement beyond what can be explained in terms of prior achievement. Here we evaluate the generalizability of this support for the reciprocal effects model to a physical activity context in which achievement is reflected in gymnastics skills on a standardized gymnastics performance test evaluated by expert judges. Based on the responses of 376 adolescents collected at the start (T1) and end (T2) of a gymnastics training programme, there is support for a reciprocal effects model in which there are significant paths leading from both T1 gymnastics self-concept to T2 gymnastics skills and from T1 gymnastics skills to T2 self-concept. Although there were gender and age effects (girls and older participants had better gymnastics skills, boys had higher self-concepts), multiple group structural equation models indicated that support for the reciprocal effects model generalized over responses by boys and girls. In summary, self-concept and performance are both determinants and consequences of each other. 相似文献
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为调查上海市青少年休闲体力活动的参与情况及性别和校别差异,采用仪器测量法对上海市青少年的休闲体力活动进行调查。结果显示上海市青少年平均每天的休闲体力活动时间明显不足。男女生休闲体力活动时间存在显著性差异,男生休闲体力活动时间明显高于女生;中小学休闲体力活动时间存在显著性差异,小学生的休闲体力活动时间比中学生长;不同等级家庭社会经济地位的青少年休闲体力活动的时间没有显著性差异。青少年休闲体力活动促进需要学校和家庭的共同参与,学校要适当减轻学生的课业负担,父母亲也不要给孩子额外的学习压力。 相似文献
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青少年体育活动中的目标定向和自我决定理论: 年龄和性别的差异 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：11
以英格兰824名初中生为调查对象,主要考察了在目标定向、行为调节、能力知觉和体育活动参与情况上的年龄和性别差异,并且采用动机变量预测校外体育活动参与情况.研究结果呈现出明显的性别差异,男生有较高的自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉.与此一致的结果是男生比女生更喜爱体育活动.对男生来说,自我定向、自我决定动机和能力知觉是参加体育活动的正相关预测指标,而任务定向和无动机与体育活动参与没有关系.对女生来说,任务定向和能力知觉能够积极预测体育活动参与情况,而自我定向和无动机与体育活动的参与有负相关关系. 相似文献
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Martin-Matillas M Ortega FB Chillon P Perez IJ Ruiz JR Castillo R Gomez-Martinez S Moreno LA Delgado-Fernandez M Tercedor P;AVENA Study 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(4):329-336
Identifying factors related to physical activity levels in young people is important for a more efficient health promotion. The aims of this study were to assess physical activity levels in a national sample of urban Spanish adolescents, and to examine the association between significant others' physical activity (father, mother, brother, sister, and close friends) and that of the adolescents. The present study comprised 2260 adolescents (1157 boys, 1103 girls) aged 13.0-18.5 years participating in the AVENA Study. Both the adolescents' physical activity and that of their relatives and close friends was assessed by questionnaire. The odds of being active were higher in boys than girls (odds ratio?=?2.79, 95% confidence interval?=?2.34-3.33) and tended to decrease across age groups in both boys and girls. Father's and older brother's physical activity was associated with boys' physical activity, while that of any significant other was associated with girls' physical activity. When both parents reported being active, boys had nearly two times higher odds of being active and girls had nearly three times higher odds of being active. The physical activity levels of Spanish adolescents are in line with those previously reported. Physical activity levels in girls are strongly related to the physical activity of any significant other, whereas physical activity levels in boys are only related to their male relatives' physical activity. 相似文献
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Children's physical activity and physical self-perceptions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical self-perceptions and physical activity in Canadian school children aged 10-14 years. The sample consisted of 220 boys and 246 girls in grades 5-8. Physical activity was assessed by 7-day recall using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Self-perceptions of physical conditioning, sports competence, strength, body appearance and general physical self-worth were measured by the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP). We found that boys were more physically active than girls and had higher perceptions of sport competence and strength. All PSPP scales were significantly correlated with physical activity in both boys and girls. Structural equation modelling procedures found the hierarchical PSPP model provided a good fit to the observed data, with little evidence of differences between the sexes. Analysis of five alternative structural models of the relationship between the PSPP and physical activity found the most parsimonious model to have significant pathways from both physical conditioning and sport skills to physical activity. Models for the sample as a whole, for boys and for girls were similar, accounting for an R2 of 0.27-0.29 for physical activity. Our results demonstrate that physical self-perceptions, especially physical conditioning and sport skills, are significant correlates of activity in this population. 相似文献
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目的探讨小学儿童体力活动与身体素质、骨密度的关联,为促进小学儿童体质健康干预策略提供理论基础。方法通过ActiGraph GT3X+型加速度计与CM-200超声骨密度仪分别对扬州市某小学313名六年级学生进行体力活动水平与骨密度的测量,最后对小学儿童身体素质指标进行测试。结果与结论男孩的MVPA与50m跑、1min仰卧起坐、1min跳绳都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05),女孩的MVPA与50m跑、握力、1min跳绳都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05),男孩与女孩的MVPA都与立定跳远具有中度效应的相关性(r=0.32,r=0.394,p<0.001);女孩的MVPA与骨密度Z值、SOS都具有弱效应的相关性(p<0.05)。小学儿童中高强度体力活动与身体素质、骨密度具有关联性。 相似文献
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以安阳市高新区五所中学部分男、女生为研究对象,根据初中生《体质健康标准》中对初中生体能的要求,以象限跳成绩测定方式为手段,把体质指数与灵敏素质关系作为调查重点,特别是初中生男、女生在体质指数上会形成两次交叉,第一次在11岁,第二次在15岁,在交叉前和交叉后,同年龄男女生相比,该指数均是男生大于女生,两次交叉中间,则女生大于男生。研究以初中生男、女生体指数(BMI)的两个交叉这一特殊的生理生长发育期为研究时间段;把体指数(BMI)作为影响因子,研究体指数(BMI)与10次象限跳成绩(反映灵敏素质)的相关性,并结合研究对象体指数(BMI)的现状加以分析。 相似文献
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Achievement goal theory and the expectancy-value model of achievement choice were used to examine fourth-grade students' motivational changes in an elementary physical education running program. In fall and spring of the school year, participants (N = 113; 66 boys, 47 girls) completed questionnaires assessing achievement goals, expectancy beliefs, subjective task values, and intention for future running participation. They also completed a timed 1-mile (1.6 km) run. The number of laps they ran/walked during the school year was used to assess students' persistence/effort. Results indicated the students improved their run but became less motivated about running while participating in a year-long running program. Children's beliefs about how good they were in the running program (i.e., expectancy beliefs) and their perceptions of how interesting and fun it was (i.e., interest) emerged as the strongest positive predictors of their motivation for running over time. These findings provide strong empirical evidence that expectancy beliefs and interest are essential to children's motivation in elementary physical education. 相似文献
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通过对天津市4所高校抽取的大学生进行生活方式及体质健康状况调查,旨在促进大学生形成健康的生活方式,从而提高大学生健康水平。调查结果显示,有32.25%的学生存在不良生活习惯;男生不健康生活方式的比例略高于女生;随着年级的增高而递增;大学生体重增长显著,身体机能和身体素质呈下降趋势;缺乏体育锻炼等不良生活方式是造成体质下降的主要因素。 相似文献
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目的：建立我国10~17岁青少年体质健康评价指标百分位数分布曲线及参考值。方法：通过文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查、测试法对我国16个省份32个城市的288所中小学5 048名儿童青少年的各项体质健康指标进行数据采集,其中男性2 779名,女性2 269名。测试内容依次由反映身体形态、心肺耐力、肌肉力量、速度、灵敏、柔韧性的6个一级指标和9个二级指标构成,运用基于位置、尺度、形状的广义可加模型（GAMLSS）,在模型拟合中考虑年龄、性别等因素,建立青少年体质健康指标的参考百分位数曲线。结果表明,我国10~17岁青少年体质健康评价指标总体随年龄的增长显著提升,各相同年龄段男生的体质健康指标普遍优于女生,各项测试指标的变化呈现出一定程度的波动性特征且与年龄显著相关（P<0.05）。研究尝试构建了我国10~17岁青少年体质健康指标P5-P95百分位分布曲线与参考值。结论：研究所构建的百分位数曲线与参考值对于我国中小学生体质健康评价标准与常规模型参照体系的修订、体质健康数据库建立、学生身体素质的长期系统监测以及人才的选拔、培养与分流具有一定的借鉴价值。 相似文献
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Major Laurence E. Owens USAF 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):461-469
Abstract This study was undertaken to determine the status of the health and physical education program for boys in 101 Ohio secondary schools and to determine the relationship of school size, community size, accreditation, geographic area, type of school district, and consolidation to this status. According to the results of this study, accreditation and school size have considerably more influence upon the quality of the program than any other factor studied. Schools enrolling 500–999 students have a significantly better health and physical education program than schools enrolling less than 500 students. Enrollment above 1,000 tends to have a slight negative influence upon the quality of the program. 相似文献