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1.
Abolfazl Nasiri Nasrin Ziamajidi Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi Massoud Saidijam Hamid Behrouj Sara Solemani Asl 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2017,32(3):329-336
One of the most important complications of diabetes is nephropathy. This study investigates the effects of aqueous garlic extract on inflammation and oxidative stress status in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Male rats were divided into four groups- control rats, diabetic rats, garlic extract-treated diabetic rats, garlic extract-treated normal rats. The glucose, urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels were measured in sera using colorimetric methods. To determine the oxidative stress condition in the kidney tissues, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured using colorimetric methods. Inflammation status was evaluated by the determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene and protein expression using qRT-PCR and ELISA respectively, while nitric oxide (NO) level in these tissues was measured using the Griess method. Histological examination of Kidneys was carried out by H&E staining. The levels of glucose, urea, and uric acid were found to increase in the serum of diabetic rats and decrease in that of diabetic rats after treatment with garlic. Measurement of MDA, TOS, and TAC revealed oxidative stress in diabetic rats, which improved after receiving the extract. The NO and TNF-α protein levels in diabetic rats were higher than those in control rats. After treatment with garlic, the levels of TNF-α protein and NO became close to the normal levels. Histological results confirmed certain other data as well. Garlic has antioxidant properties; therefore, it can reduce oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Reduction in oxidative stress has beneficial effects on inflammation because it leads to a decrease in the level of TNF-α. 相似文献
2.
D. S. Raghavandra T. N. Pattabiraman 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):59-62
Glycated hemoglobin was estimated by conventional (phenols present before addition of sulphuric acid) and modified (phenols added after dehydration of sugars by the acid), phenol (o-cresol)-sulphuric acid reactions. Even though all the four procedures could differentiate diabetic group from control group, the modified phenol-sulphuric acid method gave the most reliable, absolute values. Glycated hemoglobin levels (moles hydroxymethyl furaldehyde/mole globin) by this method were, 0.34±0.03 for normal subjects (n=20) and 0.62±0.23 for diabetics (n=23). The chemical basis of defects in the other methods is discussed. 相似文献
3.
4.
Meena Verma Sanjeev Narang Ashish Moonat Akshra Verma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(1):129-131
Tuberculosis has, in a short span of time, become a major health problem in the third world or developing countries like India.
In view of this, a retrospective study was conducted to study Adenosine deaminase activity in serum and pleural fluid in patients
affected with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and other common non-tubercular chronic respiratory diseases. The study was carried out
on 100 patients suffering from various pulmonary disorders, between January 2002 and August 2002. Thirty-five normal healthy
individuals were included as control subjects. ADA estimation was done by sensitive colorimetric method. The study revealed
that the serum ADA activity was higher in patients of tuberculous pulmonary and pleural diseases and non-tuberculous pulmonary
diseases than in control subjects. The mean serum ADA activity in the patients’ group was 35.5±6.93 u/l as compared to 16.20±2.85
u/l in control group, showing a highly significant (P≪0.001) difference. ADA activity was highest in tuberculous pleuropulmonary
diseases. The pleural fluid ADA activity was higher in pyogenic pleural effusion than in tuberculous pleural effusion. 相似文献
5.
This work proposes the use of charged droplets driven by the Coulombic force as solution-phase reaction chambers for biological microreactions. A droplet can be charged near an electrode under dc voltage by direct contact to the electrode. This process is called electrical charging of droplet (ECOD). This charged droplet can then be transported rapidly between electrodes following the arc of an electric field line by exploiting electrostatic force. As on-demand electrocoalescence, both alkalization of phenolphthalein and bioluminescence reaction of luciferase in the presence of adenosine triphosphate are studied to test the feasibility of the biochemical microreactors using ECOD. Two oppositely charged droplets are merged to have a color change immediately after microchemical reaction. The applicability of an ECOD-driven droplet to measurement of glucose concentration is also tested. The glucose concentration is measured using a colorimetric enzyme-kinetic method based on Trinder’s reaction [J. Clin. Pathol. 22, 158 (1969)]. The color change in the merged droplet is detected with an absorbance measurement system consisting of a photodiode and a light emitting diode. 相似文献
6.
Two modified minimal realization methods are suggested in this paper for getting reduced order models in time domain with the help of modified Hankel matrices. The methods are computationally simple, efficient and also applicable to Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems as well. The proposed methods are validated with the help of a few examples from literature. 相似文献
7.
For the estimation of copper, diethyldithiocarbamate method is most commonly employed in various laboratories where atomic
absorption spectrophotometer is not available. The prevalence rate of gastrointestinal malignancies is very high in Kashmir
as compared to other parts of the world. We could find high serum copper levels in gastrointestinal tract cancer. Intake of
salted tea, prepared in copper vessel, is very common in Kashmir. Such tea samples showed copper value as 3168.9 (S.D. 700.5)
μg/dl estimated by diethyldithiocarbamate method. When these samples analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, the
copper levels were just 9% as reported by colorimetric method. Various black salted tea samples were prepared in the laboratory
in glass vessel. The mean copper was 1115.0 (S.D. 350.4) μg/dl. After addition of milk, the values were reduced by 50%. Nine
phenolic compounds showed varying amount of copper by colorimetric method and no copper could be detected by atomic absorption
spectrophotometer. Phenolic compounds present in tea leaves interfere in the estimation of copper by diethyldithiocarbamate
method. It is suggested that diethyldithiocarbamate colorimetric method for copper estimation is not suitable for solutions
containing phenolic compounds. 相似文献
8.
M. M. Khanolkar A. V. Sirsat S. S. Walvekar M. S. Bhansali L. J. Desouza 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):67-70
Serum beta-glucuronidase activity was estimated by our modified method using two substrates phenolphthalein glucuronide and
p-nitrophenyl glucoronide in 49 healthy subjects and 94 patients with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) carcinoma. The correlation
coefficient using the two substrates was found to be r=0.8383. The method of Gabor Szasz was modified wherein the incubation
time was decreased from 5 hours to 2 hours and the incubation temperature was increased from 25°C to 37°C. The increase in
beta-glucuronidase activity in GIT carcinoma appears to be a good biochemical marker in patients with such type of carcinomas,
a finding not reported in literature to-date.
The modified quantitative method used for estimation of beta-glucuronidase is reliable, accurate, simple and rapid. 相似文献
9.
S. K. Bansal H. N. Pandey A. Bansal L. D. Joshi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(2):179-184
Circadian rhythm of serum glucose, pyruvate, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was studied in normal healthy young volunteers
at the onset (I Group, 7 cases) and peak (II Group, 8 cases) of winters in India with highly varied temperature. There was
a significant difference, in the circadian rhythm of glucose, pyruvate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of the two groups.
A clockwise shift was observed in acrophase except in serum lactate, which is related to the energy demand in association
with time qualified changes in diurnal activity of the individuals and change in photoperiod. 相似文献
10.
气象要素空间化方法精度的比较研究——以平均气温为例 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
以国家气象局1971年～2000年30年整编资料中的东北、华中地区1978年、1984年、1990年、1996年4年的1月份、7月份及年平均气温数据为数据源,采用直接插值法(反距离权重法和普通克里格法)、趋势面模拟 残差内插法、空间化气候值 年际距平空间插值方法、空间化气候值 年际距平趋势面模拟 残差内插等4种方法,进行了空间化精度的比较研究.通过平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均相对误差(MRE)以及交叉验证等几种评估标准的比较,认定在具有30年月平均气温栅格数据库作为背景的前提下,采用空间化气候值 年际距平值IDW内插的方法在东北、华中两个地区空间化的误差相对较小,并且其操作方便,是一种对平均气温这一要素的短时间序列空间化而言既方便,插值效果又相对较好的空间化方法. 相似文献
11.
12.
目的：排气是静脉输液流程中的重要环节之一,排气时间的快慢、损失液量的多少、排气成功率的高低、都将直接影响静脉输液技术操作的完成效率。特别是医院的输液厅,输液的人数多,集中,输液转换快,就更需要高效率的排气方法。通过改良排气法应用于临床静脉输液中,排气完成快、一次性成功率高、损失液量少、从而提高了输液工作效率。方法：2013年3月-2013年6月每天抽取在广西中医药大学第一附属医院门急诊输液厅静脉输液患者30例,每月试验20天,30例随机分为对照组和试验组每天各15例,试验组采用改良静脉输液排气法,对照组采用传统静脉输液排气法。观察两种静脉输液排气方法一次排气成功率和液体损失量以及排气时间。结果：试验组的排气成功率平均为98.58%,对照组为93.42%,试验组比对照组提高4.16个百分点;试验组的每次操作用平均为13.9 s,对照组平均为22.6 s,试验组比对照组节约时间8.7 s;试验组的平均损失液量0.08 mL,对照组平均为0.46 mL,试验组比对照组减少液量损失约0.38 mL。结论：改良静脉输液排气方法一次排气成功率高,节省了治疗时间,又减少了药液损失量,特别是患者的贵重药品,从而避免了患者因为损失液体量和管内的少许气泡所造成的护患纠纷。 相似文献
13.
Monitoring cellular bioenergetic pathways provides the basis for a detailed understanding of the physiological state of a cell culture. Therefore, it is widely used as a tool amongst others in the field of in vitro toxicology. The resulting metabolic information allows for performing in vitro toxicology assays for assessing drug-induced toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate the value of a microsystem for the fully automated detection of drug-induced changes in cellular viability by continuous monitoring of the metabolic activity over several days. To this end, glucose consumption and lactate secretion of a hepatic tumor cell line were continuously measured using microfluidically addressed electrochemical sensors. Adapting enzyme-based electrochemical flat-plate sensors, originally designed for human whole-blood samples, to their use with cell culture medium supersedes the common manual and laborious colorimetric assays and off-line operated external measurement systems. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of the mitochondrial inhibitor rotenone and the cellular response was analyzed by detecting changes in the rates of the glucose and lactate metabolism. Thus, the system provides real-time information on drug-induced liver injury in vitro. 相似文献
14.
The present study investigated the effect of an antianxiety drug, buspirone on blood glucose and plasma insulin level concerning
the role of 5-HT1A receptors in blood glucose regulation in healthy humans. Twelve healthy male volunteers were administered single oral doses
of buspirone (10 mg) or placebo, in a randomized, crossover way, followed by oral glucose load (75 gm in 200 ml) at reported
Tmax i.e. the time of peak plasma concentration of the respective administered drug. The blood samples were collected as predose,
postdose and post oral glucose load at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 hr to investigate the effect of buspirone or placebo
at basal blood glucose and plasma insulin level and after oral glucose load induced (postprandial) blood glucose and plasma
insulin level. Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were estimated by glucose hexokinase method and enzyme linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method respectively. The concentration of blood glucose was significantly (p<0.05) decreased after
oral glucose load following administration of buspirone in comparison with placebo however no significant change was observed
in the fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin (fasting and oral glucose load induced) level. In conclusions, the present
study findings show that buspirone produced a significant alteration in blood glucose level in healthy humans. In addition,
study results also indicate that the involvement of serotonergic (5-HT, receptors) mechanism of blood glucose regulation in
humans is different from animals. 相似文献
15.
黄河流域帕尔默干旱指数的修正及应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
干旱是黄河流域危害最为严重的气象灾害,帕尔默干旱指数是一种能够较为全面反映干旱形成过程的方法,但美国的帕尔默干旱指数和我国修正的帕尔默干旱指数存在一些问题,不能很好地反映黄河流域的干旱情况。因此本文选取黄河流域39个站点1960-2010年的逐月气象、径流和土壤等相关数据的实测值或再分析数据,对帕尔默干旱指数进行了修正,建立了适合黄河流域的帕尔默干旱指数,并利用历史资料对其进行了验证分析,结果表明本文建立的干旱指数模拟出黄河流域1965年8月、1972年8月以及2000年7月的干旱范围均较大,相应站的干旱程度也与历史资料吻合,比较准确,可为黄河流域进行干旱规律分析提供一定的依据。 相似文献
16.
Neena R. Wadehra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1990,5(2):131-134
The technique involves estimation of cholesterol after a double precipitation procedure to separate subfractions of high density lipoprotein (HDL). Cholesterol estimation by a colorimetric method compares favourably with the enzymatic method. This simple method is acceptable for the routine estimation of HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) and its subclasses. 相似文献
17.
K. K. Mishra H. P. Pandey R. H. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):41-43
Present clinical study involved two groups of psychosomatic disorders, bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. In the study,
the levels of plasma cortisol, blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were estimated in 125 clinical subjects,
(50 normal controls, and 40 having bronchial asthma and 35 suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The results showed a significant
change in the levels of plasma cortisol and blood glucose in both the stressed clinical groups' vis-à-vis normal controls.
The levels of atherogenic lipids (total cholesterol and triglycerides) were found quite elevated in both the diseased groups.
However, in rheumatoid arthritis, the physiological changes were relatively more pronounced. The findings of this study indicate
that rheumatoid arthritis is a relatively more chronic and late onset disorder as the functional performance of hypothalamopituitary-adrenocortical
axis gradually declines with passage of time and the ability of the adrenocortical response to return to normalcy becomes
impaired. 相似文献
18.
This paper proposes new modified methods for back propagation neural networks and uses semantic feature space to improve categorization performance and efficiency. The standard back propagation neural network (BPNN) has the drawbacks of slow learning and getting trapped in local minima, leading to a network with poor performance and efficiency. In this paper, we propose two methods to modify the standard BPNN and adopt the semantic feature space (SFS) method to reduce the number of dimensions as well as construct latent semantics between terms. The experimental results show that the modified methods enhanced the performance of the standard BPNN and were more efficient than the standard BPNN. The SFS method cannot only greatly reduce the dimensionality, but also enhances performance and can therefore be used to further improve text categorization systems precisely and efficiently. 相似文献
19.
Amar B. Singh J. P. Chaturvedi T. Narender Arvind K. Srivastava 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):391-393
Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae) is a traditional medicine used for the treatment of variety of human ailments, including
antidepression, hallucination, antileishmaniasis etc. We report for first time the hypoglycemic activity of the ethanolic
extract of this plant at two dose levels of 150 and 250mg/kg bw in sucrose challenged normal as well as in rats with streptozotocin
induced diabetes. The oral administration of ethanolic extract causes maximum fall of blood glucose level to 22.9% (p<0.05)
and 29.4% (p<0.01) respectively with the two doses in normal and 30.3% (p<0.01) and 48.4% (p<0.001) in diabetic rats. The
standard drug metformin treated group showed 28.0% (p<0.01) and 45.5% (p<0.001) respectively in normal and diabetic rats.
The above results show that the ethanolic extract of P. harmala is as effective as metformin in reducing the blood glucose
levels of normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 相似文献
20.
Aim is to study the antidiabetic effect of a compound GII purified earlier from the water extract of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds by Murthy and his colleagues (patented in India and USA) in diabetic rabbits. Diabetes was induced in rabbits by injecting
80 mg/kg bw of alloxan intravenously into rabiits. Rabbits were subdivided into subdiabetic [fasting blood sugar (FBG) up
to 120 mg/dl with abnormal glucose tolerance in glucose tolerance test (GTT)], moderately diabetic (FBG below 250 mg/dl) and
severely diabetic (FBG above 250 mg/dl). Blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were estimated by procedures in
the kits of Stangen Immunodiagnostics, Mumbai using, respectively, glucose oxidase method and absorbance at 415 nm. Serum
insulin was estimated by the ELISA method as described in the kit of Boehringer Mannheim Immunodiagnostics, Mumbai, India.
GII was found to improve blood glucose utilization in GTT and reduced FBG and HbA1C. In the present communication detailed
studies were carried out with GII in the subdiabetic, moderately diabetic and severely diabetic rabbits. GII at a dose of
50 mg/kg bw per day brought down the elevated FBG levels in the untreated subdiabetic (FBG 96.6 ± 7 mg/dl), moderately diabetic
(150.1 ± 14 mg/dl) and severely diabetic rabbits (427 ± 46 mg/dl) to normal in 12, 15 and 28 days of treatment. It improved
serum HbA1C and insulin levels also in these rabbits. Intermittent therapy once a week for 6 weeks with GII at the same dose
brought down the FBG values to normal in the subdiabetic (FBG 96.0 ± 2 mg/dl) and in the moderately diabetic rabbits to 133.0 ± 12 mg/dl.
After stopping therapy of the subdiabetic and moderately diabetic rabbits whose FBG values came to normal after treatment
with GII 50 mg/kg bw, the values remained normal for 1 week and showed a tendency to increase only after 15 days. If these
animal studies are applicable to humans these results indicate that a diabetic person need not take GII daily when once the
FBG value comes to normal or near to normal. Patients might be able to take GII only when the FBG value shows tendency to
increase. So, intermittent therapy is possible with the potent product GII of the fenugreek seeds which is of a great advantage. 相似文献