共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 18 毫秒
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采用DSC研究了稀土化合物氧化镧、硬脂酸镧对LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)非等温结晶行为的影响。随着氧化镧和硬脂酸镧浓度的增加,LLDPE的结晶度出现下降的趋势。氧化镧可起到异相成核的作用,使LLDPE的结晶速率增快,冷却结晶峰向高温移动,而硬脂酸镧没有改变结晶峰的位置,对结晶速率没有影响。广角XRD(X射线衍射)结果显示氧化镧和硬脂酸镧没有使LLDPE的晶型产生变化,但在有氧化镧的体系中,LLDPE在110和200晶面的晶粒尺寸有明显增大。力学实验显示,氧化镧使LLDPE的拉伸强度略有降低,断裂伸长率则有较大幅度的下降。硬脂酸镧对LLDPE的拉伸强度影响不大。却使断裂伸长率有大幅度提高。 相似文献
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本文利用加入各种类型的成核剂的方法得到了不同结晶形态的聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP);用偏光显微镜研究了各种成核剂的成核作用和结晶形态;用显微激光分析仪和差动热分析(DSC)研究了各成核剂对结晶和熔融过程的依赖关系,并测定了它们对结晶度的依赖关系,研究了它们对拉伸力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,成核剂可以明显地使晶粒细而均匀,能改变结晶和熔融速率,以适应各种工艺性要求,但对力学性能的影响较小,因此可以根据工艺和使用要求选用不同的成核剂。 相似文献
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庞键 《铜陵职业技术学院学报》2007,6(4):64-66
加入成核剂是结晶型聚合物公认最方便而有效的聚烯烃改性方法。聚丙烯成核剂可使聚丙烯的结晶细微化、结晶度增加,冲击强度、透明度、热变形温度等性能得到提高,成型性得到改善。本文综述了聚丙烯成核剂的种类、特性、国内外现状和最新进展。 相似文献
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先将β成核剂TMB-5制成母粒,再用于改性聚丙烯（PP）．研究结果表明TMB-5的加入对聚丙烯的拉伸强度影响小,但聚丙烯的简支梁缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率均有较大幅度提高,TMB-5用量为0．1％时,聚丙烯的简支梁缺口冲击强度达到17．6kJ／m^2．TMB-5的加入可以提高聚丙烯的耐磨性能,TMB-5用量为0．3％时,聚丙烯的耐磨性能最佳．差示扫描量热（DSC）、广角X衍射（XRD）的研究表明：TMB-5对聚丙烯的结晶不仅具有明显的成核作用,而且部分改变了聚丙烯的晶型． 相似文献
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探讨了几个反应条件制得的聚丙烯的熔体结晶形成的结构问题,表明改变聚合温度等条件,不仅产物的等规度、结晶动力学过程受影响,而且β晶的形成能力有明显差异;在现有实验条件下,乙烯共聚改性产物不形成β晶,且随结晶条件改变,2θ=21°衍射峰高不同,它反映形成聚乙烯的结晶多少不同,若共聚物中有足够的长度的聚乙烯链段的话。 相似文献
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《西安文理学院学报》2021,(4)
选取实际工业生产的TC21钛合金锻件,研究不同部位的显微组织、动静态力学性能并疲劳断口形貌.结果表明:TC21钛合金经过准β锻造后显微组织为网篮组织,其组织中存在未完全破碎的晶界α相,锻件头部、中部和尾部的组织有一定的差异.不同部位锻件均能获得良好的拉伸性能,且拉伸性能稳定.R=0.06时,头部、中部和尾部样品的疲劳极限分别是704.2 MPa、698.8 MPa和662.5 MPa.原始晶界α的破碎程度影响材料的高周疲劳性能,显微组织中存在粗大的α片层会导致其疲劳性能降低.在实际生产过程优化锻造工艺,改善在锻件不同部位的显微组织会提高TC21锻件的疲劳性能. 相似文献
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以正丁胺为模板剂合成了ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,并对模板剂对分子筛晶粒大小分布的影响进行了研究;对合成的ZSM-5分子筛催化剂用X粉末射线衍射仪进行了晶相分析,用AA粒度分析仪进行了晶体粒度分析.结果表明用该法合成的ZSM-5分子筛催化剂结晶度、纯度高、形貌规整,且有效地降低了工艺条件和合成时间. 相似文献
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Ca对AE42镁合金的显微组织和拉伸性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
AE42的铸态组织主要包含了α镁和少量的针状Al11RE3相, 呈典型的树枝晶分布. 少量Ca的加入使合金组织细化并形成新相Al2Ca, Al2Ca主要呈现分布在晶界的层片状形貌和弥散在晶粒内部的颗粒状形貌. 随着Ca的加入量增多, Al11RE3的体积百分比降低, 相应Al2Ca含量增加. 拉伸性能方面, Ca的加入使合金的屈服强度在室温和高温下都有显著提升, 随之延伸率有少量降低. Ca的加入还使合金在室温和150 ℃下抗拉强度下降. 温度的提高使Ca对抗拉强度的影响逐渐加大, 175 ℃和200 ℃下, 随Ca含量的增加抗拉强度逐渐增大. 相似文献
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重塑黄土抗拉特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过单轴拉伸试验,研究重塑黄土的拉伸特性.结果表明:在单轴拉应力作用下重塑黄土的应力应变曲线为应变硬化型,试样的破坏表现为脆性破坏.初始含水率对重塑黄土抗拉强度的影响极其显著,在干密度一定时,抗拉强度随初始含水率的增大呈先增后减的趋势,抗拉强度的最大值并非是土样最优含水量对应的值;干密度对重塑黄土抗拉强度有重要影响,抗拉强度随干密度的增大而增大;试样破坏时的极限拉应变随含水率的增大呈现先减小后增大的变化规律. 相似文献
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采用不同退火温度对超低碳钢冷轧薄板进行退火不同时间,然后进行力学性能测试和微观组织的分析。结果表明,退火后的薄板力学性能和微观组织与退火工艺有关。在不同温度退火相同时间,屈服强度和抗拉强度随着退火温度升高而降低。延伸率开始随温度的上升而增加,而后下降;低于700℃退火,强度随着退火时间的延长而降低,延伸率随着退火时间的延长而增高。高于700℃（包括700℃）退火,屈服强度和抗拉强度随开始退火时间延长而迅速降低,而后趋于稳定。延伸率开始随着退火时间的延长而迅速增加,而后趋于稳定。 相似文献
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针对现有铝合金材料不能满足动力机械用的薄壁高强韧铝合金零件的要求,通过改进材料配方和制备方法,得到符合铝合金挤压铸造工艺要求的高强韧新材料。实验结果表明,利用该材料生产的铸件平均抗拉强度达到300MPa,高温抗拉强度268MPa,伸长率超过1.73％,硬度超过HB95,微观组织晶粒致密,基本无缩松缩孔等缺陷,达到了高性能要求。 相似文献
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Based on the nonlinear continuum damage model(CDM) developed by Chaboche,a modified model for high cycle fatigue of TC4 alloy was proposed.Unsymmetrical cycle fatigue tests were conducted on rod specimens at room temperature.Then the material parameters needed in the CDM were obtained by the fatigue tests,and the stress distribution of the specimen was calculated by FE method.Compared with the linear damage model(LDM),the damage results and the life prediction of the CDM show a better agreement with the test and they are more precise than the LDM.By applying the CDM developed in this study to the life prediction of aeroengine blades,it is concluded that the root is the most dangerous region of the whole blade and the shortest life is 58 211 cycles.Finally,the Cox proportional hazard model of survival analysis was applied to the analysis of the fatigue reliability.The Cox model takes the covariates into consideration,which include diameter,weight,mean stress and tensile strength.The result shows that the mean stress is the only factor that accelerates the fracture process. 相似文献
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A new type of green reactive powder concrete (GRPC) with compressive strength of 200 MPa is prepared by utilizing composite mineral admixtures, natural fine aggregates, and short and fine steel fibers. The quasi-static mechanical properties (mechanical strength, toughness, fracture energy and interfacial bonding strength) of GRPC specimens, cured in three different types of regimes, are investigated. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the C200 GRPC made with the powder binders that is composed of 40% of Portland cement, 25% of ultra fine slag, 25% of ultra fine fly ash and 10% of silica fume are better than the others'. The corresponding compressive strength, flexural strength and fracture energy are more than 200 MPa, and 30 000 J/ m2 respectively. The dynamic tensile behavior of the C200 GRPC is also investigated through the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) according to the spalling phenomenon. The dynamic testing results demonstrate that strain rate has an important effect on the dynamic tensile behavior of GRPC. With the increase of strain rate, its peak stress and relevant strain increase. The GRPC exhibits an excellent strain ratio stiffening effect under the dynamic tensile load with high strain ratio, resulting in a significant change of the fracture pattern. 相似文献
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Improving the Fatigue Performance of the Welded Joints of Ultra-Fine Grain Steel by Ultrasonic Peening 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Contrast tests were carried out to study the fatigue performance of the butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening, aiming at the improvement of ultrasonic peening treatment(UPT) on welded joints of a new material. The material is a new generation of fine grain and high purity SS400 steel that has the same ingredients as the traditional low carbon steel. The specimens are in two different states:welded and ultrasonic peening conditions. The corresponding fatigue testing data were analyzed according to the regulation of the statistical method for fatigue life of the welded joints established by International Institute of Welding(IIW). Welding residual stress was considered in two different ways: the constant stress ratio R = 0.5 and the Ohta method. The nominalstress-number (σ-N) curves were corrected because of the different plate thickness compared to the standard and because there was no mismatch or angular deformation. The results indicated that: 1 ) Compared with the welded specimens, when the stress range was 200 MPa, the fatigue life of the SS400 steel specimens treated by ultrasonic peening is prolonged by over 58 times, and the fatigue strength FAT corresponding to 106 cycles is increased by about 66％; 2) As for the SS400 butt joint ( single side welding double sides molding) , after being treated by UPT, the nominal S-N curve (m = 10) of FAT 100 MPa(R =0.5) should be used for fatigue design. The standard S-N curves of FAT 100 MPa (R = 0.5, m = 10) could be used for fatigue design of the SS400 steel butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening. 相似文献
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为了研究沥青混凝土的疲劳特性,提出了基于双线性内聚力模型（CZM）的数值模拟方法．建立了疲劳损伤演化模型并将其与内聚力模型耦合,以反映沥青混凝土在循环荷栽作用下的软化行为．通过编制用户材料子程序。实现了疲劳损伤模型在有限元软件ABAQUS中的应用,并对劈裂疲劳试验进行了模拟．研究结果表明：模拟得到的疲劳寿命与实验室结果基本一致;疲劳损伤随加载次数的累积是非线性的,且损伤累积阶段是疲劳破坏的主要阶段;应力比增大时,损伤稳态发展阶段的寿命明显减小．可以发现提出的疲劳损伤数值模型是一种预估沥青混凝土疲劳损伤的有效方法． 相似文献
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Influence of Different Surface Treatments of H13 Hot Work Die Steel on Its Thermal Fatigue Behaviors 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thermal fatigue checking is general failure of hot work die steels,which is relative with the structures and properties of the steels and the stress alternated during the employment.The Uddeholm test method on thermal fatigue is used to compare the behaviors of different samples,which are treated with plasma nitriding 、plasma sulfur-carbon-nitriding、boronizing or not treated.The results show that the nitriding improves the thermal fatigue property of the tool steel,while the plasma sulfur-carbon-nitriding and the boronizing impair the property.The mechanisms are induced as follows .By increasing the hardness and changing the stress distribution in the surface layer,surface treatment can decrease the plastic deformation and the temsile stress during the cycling.Therefore,the generation and growth of the cracks are restrained.On the other hand,as results of surface treating,in the surface layer the toughness declines and the expanding coefficient ascendes;the latter change caused the strengthening of the tensile and compressive stress during the cycling.Thus the resistance to thermal fatigue is weakened.Whether or not the surface treatment is favor to thermal fatigue of tool steels relies on which factor is dominant. 相似文献