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从1979年起，我国心理学工作者在全国范围内，对超常儿童进行了系统的调查与追踪研究，探讨超常儿童心理发展的规律。研究超常儿童的心理特点及其形成，可为儿童教育工作者实行"因材施教"提供心理学依据，有利于我国少年儿童聪明才智的充分发挥，能加速现代化所需人才的培养。我们在这里就要向大家介绍这方面的一些研究成果。对超常儿童的研究所谓超常儿童，是指那些能力发展超过同龄水平的儿童。超常儿童有两种类型，一种是智力超常；一种是专门能力超常。前者在智力方面异乎寻常；后者在绘画、音乐、体育和数学等方面显露才华。在西方，把… 相似文献
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当代中国超常教育的实践与前瞻汤洪高一、超常教育与传统教育观念１．超常人才的客观存在超常教育是指对智力超常的少年儿童进行超越常规的教育，它在中国古代叫做“神童”教育，在国外常常称作“天才”教育。超常教育的依据之一，是社会上客观存在着数量不少的超常儿童，... 相似文献
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本文针对智力超常即天才儿童在韦氏儿童智力量表第四版(SISC)-中文版中的测验结果,分析智力超常儿童在总智商和四个指数上的表现.研究结果显示,智力超常儿童最突出的优势能力是对视觉信息进行抽象思考和加工处理的能力(即流体智力).单纯智商成绩IQ高于130的儿童不一定就是智力超常儿童.家长的教育程度是反映遗传和教育环境对儿童智力发展影响的重要变量,WISC-中文版可以为智力超常儿童的评估提供丰富的信息. 相似文献
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关于超常儿童成才因素的调查分析□李淑艳一、引言众所周知，超常儿童主要表现为智力超常，但从近年来对超常儿童的研究中发现，我国超常儿童和常态儿童相比，在非智力因素上也呈现出一些显著特点，即他们在抱负、独立性、好胜心、求知欲、坚持性和自我意识方面都优于常态... 相似文献
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超常幼儿个性问卷表的探索北京师范大学陈帼眉问题的提出本世纪八十年代初，全国超常儿童研究协作组各地成员提供的超常儿童个案研究报告中，除了有关这些儿童的智力特点以外，都涉及到了他们的个性特点。协作组总结了超常儿童的心理特点，其中也包括了一些共同的个性特点... 相似文献
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超常儿童的心理特点与学校教育的若干对策姚本先，杨强一、超常儿童及其心理特点超常儿童是指智能显著高于同龄儿童常态发展水平且具有某方面特殊才能的儿童，这些儿童一般在学龄前就表现出较高的天赋与特长，智力发展速度和水平超过一般儿童。如在天津地区进行的超常儿童... 相似文献
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据国内外学者研究,大约有千分之三左右的少年儿童智力超常。少年儿童中间可能蕴藏著几十万个智力超常儿童,这是一笔巨大的智力资源。对他们如能及时发现,正确培 相似文献
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大学少年班招生选拔智力测验问题──中国科技大学叶国华一、问题的提出我们提出大学少年班招生选拔智力测验问题是基于下述原因：１．选拔智力超常学生是进行超常教育实验的前提鉴别和选拔超常少年、儿童，是进行超常教育实验的首要工作。中国科技大学少年班经过近２０年... 相似文献
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《安徽教育学院学报》1993,(3)
对超常儿童智力的研究是超常儿童心理发展研究的重点课题之一。但过去的研究,大多侧重于超常儿童智力发展水平方面。本文通过对科大少年班及我国一些中小学超常实验班的研究材料的分析比较,发现超常儿童不仅智力发展水平比较高,还具有口头和书面言语以及数概念发展比较早、智力结构发展不平衡、认知结构中创造性思维和数类化推理的突出发展等特点。 相似文献
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School psychologists in today's schools have the unique opportunity—and responsibility—to guide identification for gifted programs. “Who is gifted?” remains a perennial question in the gifted education literature, not answered by group intelligence screeners that purportedly level the playing field for all. As the student body grows more diverse, there is increasing necessity to ensure that all students have equal access to gifted programs. Failure to identify and develop the advanced abilities of gifted children who are culturally diverse, economically deprived, highly gifted, or twice exceptional is justifiably viewed as a civil rights violation. The National Association for Gifted Children's 2018 position statement, “Use of the WISC-V for Gifted and Twice Exceptional Identification,” offers important considerations for identifying the gifted. Based on a national research study of 390 gifted children on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V), the statement recommends that the traditional practice of mandating Full Scale intelligence quotient scores be abandoned. Instead, it embraces the use of any one of six expanded index scores that are better measures of abstract reasoning for selecting students for gifted provisions. As gifted children are oftentimes asynchronous, alternate index scores are less biased and better able to document the strengths of all gifted children. What is learned from the WISC-V can be applied by school psychologists to improve the choice of comprehensive individual intelligence tests, brief intelligence tests, and the body of evidence gifted children must exhibit. 相似文献
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选取10岁超常儿童共74名,其中城市超常儿童34名,流动超常儿童40名。采用问卷法,考察了两组超常儿童在自我概念和家庭教养方式上的差异,分析了家庭教养方式对超常儿童自我概念水平的影响,结果表明：（1）城市和流动超常儿童在自我概念上的差异主要表现在城市超常儿童的非学业自我概念要显著高于流动超常儿童。（2）在家庭教养方式方面,城市超常儿童在情感温暖理解这一维度上的得分明显地高于流动超常儿童,而在惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认、过度保护这四个维度上的得分均低于流动超常儿童。（3）家庭教养方式中的情感温暖理解、过分保护和拒绝否认对超常儿童的自我概念总分有较好的预测作用。具体来说,家庭教养方式对学业自我概念和非学业自我概念的影响是不同的,家庭教养方式中的情感温暖理解对超常儿童的学业自我概念有较好的预测作用,而成长环境和家庭教养方式中的情感温暖因素对超常儿童的非学业自我概念有较好的预测作用。 相似文献
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The term “intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children” refers to intellectually gifted children who are in migration from rural to urban areas. We compared performances on seven attention tasks among intellectually gifted (n = 26) and average (n = 30) rural-to-urban migrant and intellectually gifted urban children (n = 31). Our results showed that intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children performed more correctly and faster on some attention tasks than did the intellectually average rural-to-urban migrant children, but they did not perform as well on some attention tasks as did the intellectually gifted urban children. Based on the attentional structures, it was evident the intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children developed more mature than did either the intellectually gifted urban or the intellectually average rural-to-urban migrant children. This suggests the intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children’s attention is overall superior to that of their intellectually average peers. However, there are advantages and disadvantages in terms of the quality of their attention compared to the intellectually gifted urban children. While their attentional structures seem to develop earlier, their accuracy on some of the attention tasks seems to suffer. This suggests that rural-to-urban migration is a double-edged sword for intellectually gifted children. 相似文献
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超常儿童健康成长的主客观条件 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过整理和总结 2 0年来对 14 0余名超常儿童进行的追踪研究 ,概括出了超常儿童成长过程的五种不同的类型 ;分析了造成不同类型的原因 ;讨论了超常儿童健康成长的主客观条件 ,以及两者的相互作用 ;并提出了对教育的建议。 相似文献
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Rose E. Huff Beth M. Houskamp Alice V. Watkins Mark Stanton Bethany Tavegia 《Roeper Review》2013,35(4):215-221
This study documents the experiences of parents raising African American children who have been identified as gifted. There is a small but growing body of research exploring the experiences and issues of gifted African American children. Parents play the most significant role in a child's development; however, parents of gifted African American children are not currently represented in the literature. This study utilized semi‐structured interviews with the parent or parents from 12 families to explore their experiences of rearing their gifted African American children. Particular attention was addressed to issues surrounding their children's academic and social experiences, including interactions with school, family, and community. Implications are elucidated for individuals working with this population, and suggestions for future research are provided. 相似文献
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文章介绍了俄联邦支持天才儿童教育的情况 ,包括制定天才儿童教育纲要 ,为天才儿童的教育发展创造良好的条件 ,所需资金由国家财政拨款 相似文献
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Educators of children with special needs are required by law to employ “child find” to identify children with disabilities in their communities. Similar efforts to locate gifted children are required in a few states, but the practice is not mandated at the federal level. A rationale for child find is provided, as well as the guidelines of child find regarding locating gifted children among the states requiring this practice. Examples of current child find resources are provided, as well as implications for future research. Agencies that may participate in locating potentially gifted children are provided, along with suggested strategies for initiating a child find plan. 相似文献
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This study investigates factors in the home environment and their influence on children’s analytical, creative, and practical skills. A sample of 294 gifted children (195 male) was recruited from grades 4–7 in Saudi Arabia, where the family context is highly influenced by the principles of Islam. Results did not confirm the effect of birth order, but showed that (1) mother’s education was an important factor for gifted children’s creativity; (2) the number of boys in the family was negatively associated with gifted boys’ creativity (r?=??.21); and (3) Quran-related learning experiences were positively related to gifted girls’ analytical (r?=?.46) and creative (r?=?.42) skills. Implications for understanding non-Western environments for gifted children are discussed. 相似文献
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Robert J. Sternberg 《Roeper Review》2013,35(3):160-165
Different cultures have different conceptions of what it means to be gifted. But in identifying children as gifted, we often use only our own conception, ignoring the cultural context in which the children grew up. Such identification is inadequate and fails to do justice to the richness of the world's cultures. It also misses children who are gifted and may identify as gifted children those who are not. 相似文献
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超常儿童研究的现状与动态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对历届世界超常（天才）儿童会议资料的回顾和对第十一届世界超常（天才）会议论文的分析，我们可以发现：（1）在超常儿童研究领域，对超常儿童的教育和进行教学改革一直是人们关心的重点；（2）对超常儿童的创造力和成就的研究越来越受到研究者的关注；（3）一些新的领域将随着对超常儿童本质特征的探讨而越来越变得受人注意，如超常儿童神经心理学的研究，虽然提交的论文数量比例很小，但引起了与会者的极大兴趣；（4）我国的超常儿童研究，近二十年来已取得了可喜的进展，但与国际水平相比，仍有相当的差距。 相似文献