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《Learning and individual differences》2007,17(2):115-127
This study examined the predictors of belief bias in a formal reasoning paradigm (a syllogistic reasoning task) and myside bias in two informal reasoning paradigms (an argument generation task and an experiment evaluation task). Neither cognitive ability nor thinking dispositions predicted myside bias, but both cognitive ability and thinking dispositions were significant predictors of the ability to overcome belief bias in the syllogistic reasoning task. However, instructional set (either decontextualizing or non-directive instructions) had a significant effect on myside bias in the argument generation task, as well as a marginal effect on the syllogistic reasoning task. On the latter, and to some extent on the former task, instructional set interacted with cognitive ability. The debiasing effect of decontextualizing instructions was particularly large for those participants in the lowest quartile of cognitive ability. 相似文献
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James Hartley 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1993,24(1):22-31
The author reviews the potential of word-processors for changing the ways in which writers process written text and, indeed, think about writing. He draws distinctions between different kinds of writing software and discusses whether changing the processes of writing necessarily leads to improvements in writing quality. The review also raises questions about the use of word-processors in examinations. 相似文献
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Afsaneh Ghanizadeh 《Higher Education》2017,74(1):101-114
The present study assessed the associations among higher-order thinking skills (reflective thinking, critical thinking) and self-monitoring that contribute to academic achievement among university students. The sample consisted of 196 Iranian university students (mean age = 22.05, SD = 3.06; 112 females; 75 males) who were administered three questionnaires. To gauge reflective thinking, the “Reflective Thinking Questionnaire” designed by Kember et al. (Assess Eval High Educ 25(4):380–395, 2000) was utilized. It includes 16 items measuring four types of reflective thinking (habitual action, understanding, reflection, and critical reflection). To assess critical thinking, the “Watson–Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal”(2002) was utilized. It comprises 80 items and consists of 5 subtests (inference, recognizing unstated assumptions, deduction, interpretation, and evaluation). Self-monitoring was measured via 8 items of the self-regulation trait questionnaire designed by O’Neil and Herl (Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 1998). The results demonstrated that critical thinking and all components of reflective thinking positively and significantly predicted achievement with habitual action having the lowest impact and reflection exhibiting the highest influence. Self-monitoring indirectly exerted a positive influence on achievement via understanding and reflection. It was also found that among the four subscales of reflective thinking, reflection and critical reflection predicted critical thinking positively and significantly. Self-monitoring had a positive and significant impact on critical thinking. It also significantly and positively influenced understanding as well as reflection. 相似文献
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Paul Vermeer 《British Journal of Religious Education》2012,34(3):333-347
This paper proposes that the acquisition of meta-concepts and thinking skills in order to facilitate scholarly religious thought should be the principal aim of religious education in schools. As a result, the aim of religious education is primarily stated in cognitive terms and religious education is understood as closely related to education about religion. The educational value of this approach is explained in a cultural–historical perspective on learning. It is shown that there is a close connection between learning and development and that school learning especially contributes to development of pupils’ higher cognitive functions, if school learning aims at the acquisition of subject-specific meta-concepts and thinking skills. In order to apply these insights to religious education, the aim of religious education is reconsidered and some examples of meta-concepts and thinking skills that may serve as the content of religious education are discussed. 相似文献
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Ramón López-Facal María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2009,4(3):689-695
This comment on L. Simonneaux and J. Simonneaux paper focuses on the role of identities in dealing with socio-scientific issues. We argue that there are two types of identities (social representations) influencing
the students’ positions: On the one hand their social representations of the bears’ and wolves’ identities as belonging to
particular countries (Slovenia versus France for bears, France and Italy for wolves), in other words, as having national identities;
on the other hand representations of their own identities as belonging to the field of agricultural practitioners, and so
sharing this socio-professional identity with shepherds and breeders, as opposed to ecologists. We discuss how these representations
of identities influenced students’ reasoning and argumentation, blocking in some cases the evaluation of evidence. Implications
for developing critical thinking and for dealing with SSI in the classrooms are outlined.
Ramón López-Facal is part-time lecturer on modern history in the University of Santiago de Compostela, sharing this affiliation with teaching high school History. In 1999 he completed one of the first doctoral dissertations in History Education in Spain, an examination of the teaching of the concept of nation through the analysis of textbooks from the XVIII to the XX centuries, and the analysis of students’ discourse about the concept of nation, and their representations of national identities. His research focuses on the school construction of national and post-national identities. He is the author of chapters about the “hidden” nation in S. Pérez-Garzón (Ed.) La Gestión de la Memoria: La Historia al Servicio del Poder (The Management of Memory: History in the Service of Power; Crítica 2000), and about the construction of critical identities in A. Legardez & L. Simonneaux L’école à l’épreuve de l’Actualité: Enseigner les Questions Vives (ESF 2006). María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre is professor of science education in the University of Santiago de Compostela. After teaching high-school biology, implementing innovative curricula, and working in the Spanish Ministry of Education in the design of in-service teacher education, she was part of the first batch of Spanish researchers completing doctoral dissertations in science education around 1990 and building a community around this field in Spain. Her research explored conceptual change in evolution and then moved to argumentation in science classrooms, with particular attention to two contexts, problem-solving in the laboratory, and environmental and socio-scientific issues. She has served in the executive committee of ESERA and currently serves on the editorial boards of Science Education and Journal of Research in Science Teaching. Her recent work includes editing with S. Erduran Argumentation in Science Education: Perspectives from Classroom-based Research (Springer, 2008). 相似文献
| María Pilar Jiménez-AleixandreEmail: |
Ramón López-Facal is part-time lecturer on modern history in the University of Santiago de Compostela, sharing this affiliation with teaching high school History. In 1999 he completed one of the first doctoral dissertations in History Education in Spain, an examination of the teaching of the concept of nation through the analysis of textbooks from the XVIII to the XX centuries, and the analysis of students’ discourse about the concept of nation, and their representations of national identities. His research focuses on the school construction of national and post-national identities. He is the author of chapters about the “hidden” nation in S. Pérez-Garzón (Ed.) La Gestión de la Memoria: La Historia al Servicio del Poder (The Management of Memory: History in the Service of Power; Crítica 2000), and about the construction of critical identities in A. Legardez & L. Simonneaux L’école à l’épreuve de l’Actualité: Enseigner les Questions Vives (ESF 2006). María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre is professor of science education in the University of Santiago de Compostela. After teaching high-school biology, implementing innovative curricula, and working in the Spanish Ministry of Education in the design of in-service teacher education, she was part of the first batch of Spanish researchers completing doctoral dissertations in science education around 1990 and building a community around this field in Spain. Her research explored conceptual change in evolution and then moved to argumentation in science classrooms, with particular attention to two contexts, problem-solving in the laboratory, and environmental and socio-scientific issues. She has served in the executive committee of ESERA and currently serves on the editorial boards of Science Education and Journal of Research in Science Teaching. Her recent work includes editing with S. Erduran Argumentation in Science Education: Perspectives from Classroom-based Research (Springer, 2008). 相似文献
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邬焜 《河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2005,28(3):22-27
信息思维是区别于传统的物质思维和能量思维的一种全新思维方式。比较起古希腊文化，中国古代文化较少有实体性物质思维的特点，而更多具有信息思维的特色。中国古代文献中所阐释的八卦、阴阳、有无、五行、象数、经络、脏腑，以及天人相应等观念和理论都体现着丰富而深刻的信息统念和信息思维方式。在当代，根植于中国传统文化中的信息思维方式与现代信息系统理论相结合，诞生了一系列由中国人提出的具有独特韵味的学说，比如，泛系理论、生物全患律、宇宙全息论，以及演化全患理论等等，此类学说同样体现着深刻的信息思维底蕴。 相似文献
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翟应增 《云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,36(5):74-77
本文从心理学角度 ,探讨了艺术语言产生时的心理过程 ,认为 :艺术语言的思维是心象性思维 ,心象思维明晰化 ,就成为意象思维。艺术语言思维的根本目的是在“意”而不在“言” ,即“言” ,只是表现“意”的形式材料和手段而已。艺术语言的思维过程 ,首先是一种特殊的形象思维 ,即心象思维 ,“心象”是一种“心灵化的表象” ,它是渗透了主体认知、情感、心绪、审美体验等的表象。潜意识中的心象思维明晰化、语词化 ,就成为意象思维。 相似文献
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Michael Vallance 《Pedagogies: An International Journal》2016,11(3):218-234
In a world where technology has become pervasive in our lives, the notion of IT integration in education practice is losing its significance. It is now more appropriate to discuss transforming pedagogy where technology is not considered a tool anymore but part of what we are. To advance this hypothesis, an enterprising, student-directed approach is proposed which embraces problem-solving as activity and computational thinking as knowledge development. In order to test its efficacy, a case study of students developing a 3D virtual space for international collaboration is used to exemplify the transformational pedagogy. From observations of the enactment of heutagogical characteristics and computational thinking, it is argued that we can now teach and learn “in” technology. This modality will come to dominate how technology operates “as” our lives, and become central to what it means to know and learn. 相似文献
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Nussbaum Miguel Barahona Camila Rodriguez Fernanda Guentulle Victoria Lopez Felipe Vazquez-Uscanga Enrique Cabezas Veronica 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2021,69(1):201-206
Technology has the potential to facilitate the development of higher-order thinking skills in learning. There has been a rush towards online learning by education systems during COVID-19; this can therefore be seen as an opportunity to develop students’ higher-order thinking skills. In this short report we show how critical thinking and creativity can be developed in an online context, as well as highlighting the importance of grit. We also suggest the importance of heuristic evaluation in the design of online systems to support twenty-first century learning.
相似文献15.
Paulus Gerdes 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1988,19(2):137-162
This article confronts a widespread prejudice about mathematical knowledge, that mathematics is culture-free, by demonstrating alternative constructions of euclidean geometrical ideas developed from the traditional culture of Mozambique. As well as establishing the educational power of these constructions, the article illustrates the methodology of cultural conscientialization in the context of teacher training. 相似文献
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张月娇 《南昌教育学院学报》2015,(2):102-104
优质的数学课建立在教师对显性知识与隐藏数学思想方法的整体把握,并能在教学中能引导学生经历对数学思想方法感知、理解与应用的全过程,从而帮助学生架设知识联系的桥梁,促进学生能力的提升。如何选准策略,把握契机,合理渗透数学思想方法,是当前数学教育工作者的研究热点。 相似文献
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Zongyi Deng 《British Educational Research Journal》2021,47(6):1652-1674
From the vantage point of knowledge transformations entailed in curriculum making, this article seeks to contribute to a rethinking of the concept of powerful knowledge. It makes a case for linking the teaching of content knowledge to the development of human powers (understanding, ways of thinking, capabilities and dispositions) by way of knowledge transformations. The article starts by examining three perspectives or contributions to knowledge transformations: (1) Bernstein’s recontextualisation; (2) Chevallard’s didactic transposition; and (3) Gericke et al.’s transformations. This is followed by a discussion of what transformations entail from the perspective of Bildung-centred Didaktik, and what transformations mean in today’s context if education is centrally concerned with the development of human powers. It concludes by questioning the conflation of powerful knowledge with disciplinary knowledge. 相似文献
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‘Critical thinking’ is commonly included in the lists of graduate attributes (GAs), which all Australian universities are now required to develop and implement. That efforts to do so have met with limited success is due to a range of factors including inconsistent or naive conceptualisations, the failure to explicitly develop or assess GAs, and the persistence of ‘signature’ disciplinary practices. This paper describes the design and implementation of a law course in which the development and assessment of critical thinking were core objectives. Key features of the course included an operational conceptualisation of ‘critical legal thinking’, the development of closely aligned teaching and learning activities, and an aligned, coherent and innovative assessment programme. An evaluation of the first iteration of the course identified a number of successful outcomes as well as implications for ongoing course development. 相似文献
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María Luisa Sanz de Acedo Lizarraga María Teresa Sanz de Acedo Baquedano Oscar Ardaiz Villanueva 《Thinking Skills and Creativity》2012,7(3):271-279
The central issue of this paper is to review the possible relationships between the constructs of critical thinking and executive functions. To do this, we first analyse the essential components of critical thinking from a psychological and neurological point of view. Second, we examine the scope of the cognitive and neurological nature of executive functions. Third, we propose a model for comparing or mapping between the most important processes of both constructs. Fourth, we offer some conclusions on the relational path between the two concepts based on the studies reviewed and suggest possible lines of investigation that will undoubtedly facilitate the understanding of shared features and key differences between critical thinking and executive functions. 相似文献