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Tobit Curteis 《文物保护研究》2018,63(5):70-75
ABSTRACTEnglish medieval cathedrals are a group of buildings of exceptional significance and they contain collections of equal importance. Both the historic building fabric and the artefacts are vulnerable to environmental deterioration. However, unlike buildings owned by heritage organisations, the primary purpose of cathedrals is to further the Christian mission, and the conservation of the building and collections is required to be conducted within these constraints. Increasing visitor numbers and the installation of sophisticated exhibitions makes the task of conservation all the more demanding. Next to mechanical damage, environmental factors are the greatest source of deterioration to sensitive fabric and collections. However, until recently, there has been little systematic study of English cathedral environments and the effects of different uses and control measures. Detailed studies undertaken on 20 cathedrals in the past two decades have provided an insight into their environmental performance and how they differ as a group from many other historic buildings, as well as the passive conservation measures that can be implemented within their primary function. 相似文献
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AbstractThis paper describes the examination and treatment of three polychrome wooden sculptures by Pedro de Mena, an important seventeenth-century Spanish sculptor. These were three interesting cases, involving not only the usual conservation processes but also special situations such as the recovery of a glass eye, the replacement of missing parts and polychromy with the help of old photographs, and the analysis of a sculpture where the flesh colours varied depending on whether or not they had been exposed to sunlight. Our understanding of polychrome sculpture technique is enriched with new information concerning the blues of the cloaks, coloured glazes, and materials added to the paint to achieve different effects. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(61-62):245-254
Summary The Internet opens a wide range of possibilities for accessing materials from both traditional sources and more volatile areas-personal homepages, e-mail and discussion groups archives. Though the role of reference librarians to find the most relevant information for our users seems monumental in this medium, it is an area that needs the objective, ethical expertise of the librarian and archivist. In this 50th year of remembrance of the Holocaust, the Internet is especially active with information on that historic tragedy. Excerpts from accounts by one Hungarian and one Norwegian political prisoner interned in the camps are included as illustrations of material which may not have been found using more traditional research tools. 相似文献
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[目的 /意义]历史修复遗存是古籍的组成部分,是新的古籍修复周期处理的对象,研究古籍历史修复遗存不仅能丰富古籍修复技术,更能提高古籍修复质量.[方法/过程]分别运用归纳法和案例法研究古籍历史修复遗存的形式及处理措施.[结果/结论]古籍历史修复遗存形式包括修复材料、修复方法及其印记等.古籍历史修复遗存处理应依据具体情况分... 相似文献
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Abstract Beginning in July 2002, the Health Sciences Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill underwent an 11 million dollar renovation. During three phases of the renovation, parts of the collection were inaccessible to patrons. In order to continue to make the library's collection available, library staff created a paging system. Patrons submitted requests for needed library materials using paper and electronic forms and library staff retrieved the requested items. The paging service was modified three times based on prior experience. Patrons were generally satisfied with the service. The renovation ended in December 2004. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):196-210
AbstractFeasibility studies on applying laser radiation for the removal of superficial deposits from historic glass are being carried out within a three-year interdisciplinary project in Germany. Previous investigations revealed that there is insufficient knowledge about interaction processes between UV-laser radiation and individual surface layers of encrusted historic glass. Therefore, detailed studies were first carried out on special model glass samples to simulate different stages in the corrosion of historic glass. The potential of UV-lasers for removing crusts and biolayers, as well as layers of various conservation materials (due to previous conservation work) is examined. It is of great importance to avoid damage to materials such as gel layers, paint layers or the glass itself. A KrF-excimer laser operating at λ = 248nm is used for the experiments. A mask projection technique is applied for irradiation. A modified optical set-up has been designed, using cylindrical lenses for large-area removal by 'line scanning'. Removal rates and thresholds for the materials mentioned above are monitored. The collected data enable comparison and evaluation of the feasibility of removing superficial layers from historic glass artifacts. The results indicate that in some cases a closed loop process control will be necessary to avoid over-cleaning. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):143-154
AbstractSince 1980, much research in the field of treatment and conservation of archaeological wood has been carried out at the Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University. Materials and methods used in conservation have been changing gradually over the years worldwide. It was necessary to study critically previous masters and doctoral dissertations on Egyptian archaeological and historic wood, all written in Arabic. This review of them includes a brief history of the Conservation Department at Cairo University and five main focal points of past research: types of wood used throughout Egyptian history, assessment of wood decay, wood properties and composition, treatment and conservation of decorated wood, and the evaluation of chemicals and polymers used in the treatment of archaeological wood and composite objects containing wood. 相似文献
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《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(2-3):129-142
Library and archives conservation and collection management concerns are similar. Both need to be addressed in institutional policies and well defined objectives for procedures and priorities in selecting materials for long-range preservation. Collection weeding withdrawal from primary use to low-use retention facilities and decisions about treatment are key ingredients in a conservation program which is well integrated into collection management. Successful programs in either archives and libraries must be embedded into the policies and activities of the organization rather than being ancillary and remedial. The administrative emphasis must be on sustained, systematic and programmatic approaches to the conservation problems facing both archives and libraries. 相似文献
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Lyndon Ormond-Parker PhD 《档案与原稿》2019,47(1):3-19
ABSTRACTThe Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS), Australia’s archival repository for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural heritage, is the nation’s peak body for collecting, recording, archiving and returning Indigenous-related knowledge and information. Since 1964 AIATSIS has amassed the world’s largest collection of print, audio and film materials on Australian First Nations peoples. This paper canvasses the Deadline 2025 campaign for audiovisual collections at risk and the complexities of preserving audiovisual archives. It argues that while the Plan’s institutional focus is essential, equally essential is institutional leadership in establishing integration with community-held archives, supported by appropriately resourced and skilled community-based partnerships. 相似文献
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《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(2-3):9-28
SUMMARY The archives of private philanthropic organizations provide information about the history of immigration into the United States via documents related to the foundations' sponsorship of research, social, and educational programs aimed at absorbing a large number of newcomers. In addition, when U.S. foreign policy or world events stimulated philanthropic activities relating to the immigrants' country of origin, foundations reached out for support from existing ethnic communities in the U.S., or for expertise from individual émigré scholars. The records of Carnegie Corporation of New York and of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from the first half of the twentieth century illustrate the use of private philanthropy archives for scholarly research into the history of Eastern European immigration to the United States. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(2):118-122
AbstractThis paper deals with the materials used in conservation treatments in the first half of the twentieth century for the preservation and consolidation of wooden art objects from the Saxony region in Germany. The use of such materials must be seen as early attempts to find a conservation treatment for wood. The documentation of conservation treatments provides a reference to the application of oils and oil–resin mixtures. The results from the chemical analysis of samples of historic preservatives from the beginning to the middle of the twentieth century (so-called 'Puckelin') carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirm the use of tung oil as a drying oil, whereas the use of linseed oil cannot be excluded. Colophony and, probably, amber varnish were used as resinous constituents. There are indications that a conservation material dating from the second half of the twentieth century most likely contained rapeseed oil. 相似文献
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王金玉是颇有功力的档案史学家,他一生孜孜不倦,专心研读古籍,深入挖掘史料,不仅为中国档案史纠偏,还提出了许多新的见解,开创了档案断代史研究的先河,丰富了中国档案史的研究成果。王金玉所著的《宋代档案管理研究》一书,首开我国档案史朝代专史研究的先河,其中对"千丈架阁法"错讹的纠正以及对古代档案机构、档案官员和档案思想等的详细考证,均有力地推动了中国档案史研究的发展。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTControl of relative humidity (RH) for collections care is challenging in U.K. historic houses because they are often highly ventilated with poor heat retention, a porous building fabric and naturally tend to high (60–80%) RH if unheated. The significance of the building means that large-scale modifications and installation of air handling systems may be unfeasible and undesirable for the conservation of the building. In the late 1980s the National Trust, for English, Wales and Northern Ireland, investigated conservation heating as an RH control method that works with the natural environment of historic buildings, mimicking historic heating and requiring only modification of existing heating services or a light touch installation of new heating systems. The National Trust adopted conservation heating as its preferred method for environmental control in historic buildings from the 1990s. This method was presented at the IIC 1994 Ottawa congress on preventive conservation. Conservation heating has since been adopted by many historic house management organisations, particularly across north-west Europe, where it is well suited to the climate. This paper reviews conservation heating developments implemented by the National Trust since 1994, in response to a changing external context, new knowledge and developments in operational practice. 相似文献
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从本体意涵来看,历史与档案具有诸多共通之处,二者兼为“往事本身”与“往事记录”,共同服务于人类社会对过去的记载、追忆与缅怀。从发展历程来看,史学思潮对档案景观的变迁多有影响,二者亦有诸多契合之处,传统史学对档案文献的奉为圭臬,新史学对史料范围的延展及对档案关注点的转移,后现代史学对档案真实性的质疑及对档案范式的影响,使得历史与档案的关系进一步深化。从本体意涵和发展历程两个层面来看,档案之于历史不应犹如异乡,历史之于档案亦非渐行渐远。 相似文献
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Natural polymers as alternative consolidants for the preservation of waterlogged archaeological wood
In recent years, there has been increased interest in examining alternative polymers for the conservation of archaeological artefacts, particularly waterlogged timbers, providing better, renewable, greener alternatives to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The degradation of PEG consolidants in the timbers of the sixteenth century warship Mary Rose has been examined and the rheological and thermal properties of PEG have been compared with its monomethyl and dimethyl ethers and several polysaccharide consolidants (chitosan, guar, and 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose) in order to evaluate their potential as alternative consolidants for the conservation of waterlogged wooden artefacts. Additionally, the effect of the polymers on the archaeological wood was characterised by thermogravimetric analysis and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results suggest that the future of conservation technologies lies with polysaccharide consolidant materials, which show enhanced compatibility with wooden artefacts with no detectable side effects while also being cheap, with extremely low toxicity, renewable, and sustainably resourced. 相似文献