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1.
通过设计不同浓度枯草芽孢杆菌的投放梯度,检测水体中大肠菌群、金黄色葡萄球菌数量的变化以及对克氏原螯虾的体重增长率、存活率、抗逆性的影响。设计一个对照组( A0),五个实验组( A1、A2、A3、A4、A5),投放浓度分别为1×102、1×103、1×104、1×105、1×106 cfu/mL。结果表明,投放了枯草芽孢杆菌的实验组与空白组相比,能明显提高克氏原螯虾的体重增长率(比对照组提高38.1%)、存活率(比对照组提高25.5%),以及具备一定的抗逆性(比对照组提高36.6%);并且证明枯草芽孢杆菌能抑制水体中的大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄球菌等有害致病菌,一定程度上提高了克氏原螯虾食用的安全性。实验结果分析表明枯草芽孢杆菌的最佳投放浓度为1×104 cfu/mL。  相似文献   

2.
利用土壤中蜡样芽孢杆菌寻找隐伏金属矿床是近年来爱国外许多学者重视的一种探矿法.本课题通过对蜡样芽孢杆菌生物学特性的研究,进行了金离子对蜡样芽孢杆菌成孢率影响的实验方法和步骤的探讨.结果显示,0.01mg/L浓度的含金溶液为蜡样芽孢杆菌的最适成孢浓度,并且发现金离子能促进蜡样芽孢杆菌营养体转化成芽孢.说明是蜡样芽孢杆菌的芽孢而不是菌体的数目与金属矿床有密切的关系.实验结果表明蜡样芽孢杆菌的芽孢而不是菌体本身可能作为微生物探矿的指示生物.  相似文献   

3.
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柿叶挥发油,并用滤纸片法研究柿叶挥发油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性和最低抑菌浓度.结果表明,柿叶挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌具有较强的抑制作用,而对大肠杆菌抑制作用较弱,对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为3.13μL/mL、3.13μL/mL和25.00μL/mL.柿叶挥发油较好的抗微生物活性表明它可能是一种较好的临床抗菌药物.  相似文献   

4.
采用在50 m L三角瓶中定量添加毒死蜱药液和固定化菌的方法研究了不同包埋条件对固定化蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)降解毒死蜱的影响,最后将固定化条件进行了正交试验的优化。结果表明,游离化菌体的菌龄为20 h对初始浓度为50mg/L毒死蜱的降解率达最高。从降解曲线得出,海藻酸钠固定化菌降解毒死蜱的反应时间为24h时降解率达75.4%;菌体和海藻酸钠溶胶的包埋比为1∶20对毒死蜱的降解率达最高为76.8%;随着成型剂Ca Cl2浓度的增大,固定化菌对毒死蜱的降解率先上升后下降,Ca Cl2浓度为2%对毒死蜱的降解率达最大为82.6%,海藻酸钠溶胶浓度为3%对初始浓度为50 mg/L毒死蜱的降解率达最大为85.7%。通过正交试验得出,海藻酸钠浓度(A)、Ca Cl2浓度(B)和固定化时间(C)三者对固定化菌降解毒死蜱的影响都达到显著水平(P0.05),影响次序依次为CAB,最优水平分别为海藻酸钠浓度3.0%、Ca Cl2浓度1.5%和固定化时间32 h。因此,固定化蜡状芽孢杆菌对毒死蜱的降解率较高,在毒死蜱水体污染的降解去毒方面具有的应用价值较大。  相似文献   

5.
目的:研究优化黑曲霉、乳酸菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及酵母菌等4种混菌混合发酵玉米豆粕型饲料的最佳发酵菌种比例组合.方法:以黑曲霉、乳酸菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及酵母菌为4个因素,每个因素设定3个水平,按照L9(34)正交试验表设计9组不同的菌种比例组合,总接种量按4%,发酵初始水分设定为36%,30℃条件下进行固态发酵,分别发酵48、72、96 h后测定样品pH值、乳酸含量及干物质回收率(DMR),优化其最佳发酵组合.结果:相同发酵时间内,黑曲霉、乳酸菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母菌之比为3:3:2:1时,样品pH值最低,发酵速度最快;相同发酵时间内,黑曲霉、乳酸菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母菌比例为3:3:2:1时,乳酸含量显著高于其他各菌种比例组合(P<0.05);发酵时间为72 h时,干物质回收率各组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),干物质损失在4.60%.结论:本试验条件下,黑曲霉、乳酸菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酵母菌之比为3:3:2:1时,发酵效果最好.  相似文献   

6.
采用柱层析法洗脱分离出了瑞香狼毒根部不同极性的黄酮组分,并采用抑菌圈法和连续稀释法研究了4种组分分别对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、变形杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌7种细菌以及黑霉、绿木霉、青霉、根霉4种真菌的抑菌活性.结果表明瑞香狼毒根部抑菌性活性大小为乙酸乙酯相>氯仿相>石油醚相>正丁醇相.其中乙酸乙酯相对所有供试菌种均表现出一定的抑制作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度均为6.3mg/mL,最小杀菌浓度均为12.5mg/mL.  相似文献   

7.
不同杀菌剂对蜡状芽孢杆菌的抑菌效果研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用抑菌圈法测定了4种杀菌剂对蜡状芽孢杆菌的毒力。结果表明,随着药剂浓度的增加,4种药剂对蜡状芽孢杆菌的抑菌率逐渐升高,其中800.0mg/L福美双、160.0mg/L农用链霉素和640.0mg/L申嗪霉素3种药剂在72 h的抑菌率分别达到94.3%、88.1%和82.0%,160.0mg/L中生菌素的抑菌率在48 h达到最高为78.0%。4种药剂对蜡状芽孢杆菌的毒力依次为农用链霉素中生菌素福美双申嗪霉素,其中农用链霉素和中生菌素的毒力较高,EC50分别为29.92 mg/L和50.69 mg/L。室内毒力测定表明农用链霉素和中生菌素是蜡状芽孢杆菌防控较为理想的杀菌剂。  相似文献   

8.
采用双层平板透明圈法研究中华芦荟凝胶与外皮提取物的抑菌效果及芦荟外皮汁的最小抑菌浓度和芦荟皮汁抑菌性的影响因素。结果表明芦荟外皮汁比芦荟凝胶汁有更强的抑菌作用;而芦荟外皮汁对大肠杆菌、金黄葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌3种指示菌的最小抑菌浓度均为3.125%;芦荟外皮汁最适作用pH为4.5,当芦荟外皮汁的pH超过6.5,完全没有抑菌活性;芦荟外皮汁在100℃下保温1h,其抑菌活性仍达95%以上,说明芦荟外皮汁具有很强的热稳定性;芦荟皮外汁不仅对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌具有良好的抑菌作用,对部分真菌也具有抗性。  相似文献   

9.
大叶黄杨白粉病近年来在河南省南阳市发生严重.对大叶黄杨植株春梢进行叶面喷施生防菌枯草芽孢杆菌Bv10菌株的发酵液,进行白粉病小区生防试验,结果显示:喷施7 d后,枯草芽孢杆菌Bv10发酵液对大叶黄杨白粉病的防治效果达70.37%,低于对照药剂粉锈宁;喷施14 d后,该生防菌的防效降低至25.26%.  相似文献   

10.
采用滤纸片法对薄荷不同温度下的浸提液和精油的抗菌活性进行定性、定量测定.结果表明,薄荷对供试菌株均有抑制效果,精油的抑菌活性最强.薄荷精油对三种试验菌株的抑菌性:枯草芽孢杆菌>金黄色葡萄球菌>大肠杆菌;精油对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌三株菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为:60.0μL/mL、30μL/mL和20μL/mL.  相似文献   

11.
Bacillus subtilisis widely used for the productionof vitamins and other products including industrial en-zymes such as amylases, proteases and lipase. Butsyntheses of those products are repressed by the pres-ence of glucose, which is viewed as carbon catabolicrepression (CCR). InBacillus subtilis,CCR is main-ly mediated by the global regulator protein CcpAwhich was encoded byccpAgene[1]. It is therefore of crucial importance to relievingCCR ofBacillus subtilisfor industrial production. I…  相似文献   

12.
After deregulating the purine and riboflavin synthesis in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis,it is critical to amplify riboflavin operon with appropriate dosage in the host strain for remarkable increase of riboflavin production. Bacillus subtilis RH13, a riboflavin-producing strain, was selected as host strain in the construction of engineering strains by protoplast fusion. The integrative plasmid pRB63 and autonomous plasmid pRB49, pRB62 containing riboflavin operon of B. subtilis 24 were constructed and transformed into the host strain respectively. Increasing one operon copy in B. subtilis RH13 results in about 0. 4 g/L improvement in riboflavin yield and the appropriate number of operon copies was about 7--8. Amplifying more riboflavin operons is of no use for further improvement of yield of riboflavin. Furthermore, excessive operon dosage results in metabolic unbalance and is fatal to the host cells producing riboflavin.  相似文献   

13.
实验采用单因素试验优化纳豆菌固体发酵条件,通过蛋白凝块溶解时间法测定纳豆激酶活力,筛选出最佳培养条件。固态发酵通过扎孔、添加麦芽糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖和黄豆粉观察它们对纳豆菌产酶活力的影响。试验结果表明:固态发酵最佳条件为,浸泡10 h后,扎孔、添加4%麦芽糖、4%黄豆粉,121℃下蒸煮30分钟,接入纳豆菌2%,在37℃下培养24小时,4℃下后熟24小时。在此条件下培养,测得的纳豆激酶活力相当于尿激酶943.23 IU/g。与先前实验结果相比有了明显的提高:固态发酵由670.15 IU/g提高到943.23 IU/g。  相似文献   

14.
INTRODUCTION Soil-borne pathogens, including Pythium spp. and Fusarium spp., cause significant yield losses in horticulture and agriculture crops (Mao et al., 1997). Current practices for controlling plant diseases are based largely on disease resistant crops, cultivation management in fields and application of synthetic pesticides (Elizabeth and Emmert, 1999). Biological control using antagonistic microbes to reduce the use of chemical pesticides in a system of integrated plantdisease …  相似文献   

15.
影响革兰氏染色结果的原因分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了提高革兰氏染色实验的教学效果,应用革兰氏染色法,探讨了菌种的菌龄、细菌涂片厚度、碘液媒染时间和乙醇脱色时间对革兰氏染色结果的影响。实验结果表明获得正确染色结果的条件为:首先将大肠杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和金色葡萄球菌在琼脂斜面培养基上分别培养22~25h、13~17h和18~24h;然后是制作细菌涂片时,取菌量要少于1/3环,涂菌稀薄、均匀;最后是染色。染色的第一步是用草酸铵结晶紫初染60s,再用碘液媒染60s,最后乙醇脱色时间是关键,应严格控制在30~45s为宜。只有控制好影响革兰氏染色结果的各个环节,才能得到正确的染色结果。  相似文献   

16.
An antifungal protein was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B29. The isolation procedure comprised ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-52 cellulose and gel filtration chromatography on Bio-Gel P-100.The protein was absorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Bio-Gel P-100. The purified antifungal fraction was designated as B29I, with a molecular mass of 42.3 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), pl value 5.69 by isoelectric focusing (IEF)-PAGE, and 97.81% purity by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). B29I exhibited in-hibitory activity on mycelial growth in Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium moniliforme, and Sclerotinia scle-rotiorum. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of its antifungal activity toward Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were 45 and 112 μmol/L, respectively. B291 also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on conidial spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum and suppression of germ-tube elongation, and induced distortion, tumescence, and rupture of a portion of the germi-nated spores.  相似文献   

17.
摇瓶中对益生素生产菌———产乳酸芽孢杆菌JY-LZ培养条件进行了研究,在发酵培养基培养时,得到最适培养条件为接种量5%~10%,温度30~40℃,灭菌前pH值7~9,100 mL摇瓶装液量30 mL,48 h培养密度大于1010/mL,芽孢率大于50%,可以进一步开发应用于生产实际.  相似文献   

18.
通过观察不同剂量二甲基亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO)作用下PC12细胞形态和生长状态的变化,确定PC12细胞对DMSO的耐受剂量.按照一定浓度梯度(V/V)将DMSO加入培养液干预后的24、48和72 h于倒置相差显微镜下观察AO/EB染色前后细胞的形态特征,同时用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)显色法检测细胞的生存率和计算半数抑制浓度(50%inhibiting concentration,IC50).结果表明:DMSO浓度为14 mL/L时,24 h内90%的PC12细胞生长正常,形态完整,活力与对照组比较无差别,浓度提高到20 mL/L时,24 h时细胞生存率可下降27%,随着作用时间延长,细胞生存率进一步降低;24、48和72 h对应的IC50值分别为31.4、23.9和19.2 mL/L.因此,对PC12细胞而言,24 h内的应用终浓度应低于14 mL/L,干预时间如需延长,DMSO的应用剂量应相应降低.  相似文献   

19.
The aim of this study was to purify and characterize a keratinase produced by a new isolated Bacillus subtilis KD-N2strain. The keratinase produced by the isolate was purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-75 and DEAE (diethylaminoethyl)-Sepharose chromatographic techniques. The purified enzyme was shown to have a molecular mass of 30.5kDa, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis. The optimum pH at 50℃ was 8.5 and the optimum temperature at pH 8.5 was 55℃. The keratinase was partially inactivated by some metal ions, organic solvents and serine protease inhibitor phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) had positive effect on the keratinase activity. Reducing agents including dithiothreitol (DTT),mercaptoethanol, L-cysteine, sodium sulphite, as well as chemicals of SDS, ammonium sulfamate and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)stimulated the enzyme activity upon a feather meal substrate. Besides feather keratin, the enzyme is active upon the soluble proteins ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), casein and insoluble ones as sheep wool and human hair. Calf hair, silk and collagen could not be hydrolyzed by the keratinase.  相似文献   

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