共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
使用粉煤灰作为催化剂,对聚丙烯进行热解处理,并用程序升温的热重法(TG)和恒温法两种模型方法对热解反应进行研究。结果表明,这两种方法都适用于聚丙烯的催化降解,且粉煤灰含量为2%时,恒温模型计算得到的反应活化能为196kJ/mol,TG模型计算的结果是233kJ/mol(反应级数为1)。从两种模型计算的计算结果与实验结果的拟合情况来看,恒温法得到的结果与实验结果更加吻合。 相似文献
2.
扫描电子显微镜观察和X射线微区分析是近年来迅速发展起来的一项重要的分析技术。真空是电镜工作的一个最基本的保障,真空系统出现故障,则整个设备便处于瘫痪状态。该文主要描述了真空压力传感器Penn ing规管污染造成真空系统故障的表现及其解决方法。 相似文献
3.
1 Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ＩｒｏｎａｌｕｍｉｎｉｄｅｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎＦｅ3 Ａｌｈａｖｅｍａｎｙａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｓｆｏｒｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｕｓｅｓａｔｅｌｅｖａｔｅｄｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｌｏｗｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｃｏｓｔ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｔｈｅｓｅａｌｌｏｙｓｈａｖｅｎｏｔｙｅｔｆｏｕｎｄｗｉｄｅｓｐｒｅａｄｕｓｅｂｅｃａｕｓｅｔｈｅｙｅｘｈｉｂｉｔｐｏｏｒｄｕｃｔｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｂｒ… 相似文献
4.
采用Benson基团贡献法估算了三醋酸甘油酯的合成反应热．计算结果表明：该反应的焓变分别为ΔHf1＝－41．1 kJ/mol、ΔHf2＝－12．3 kJ/mol、ΔHf3＝－12．3 kJ/mol ,所得的计算结果与实验测定数据基本相符合．考察了在采水条件下温度对三醋酸甘油酯合成的影响,建立了拟一级反应动力学模型,结果表明,该模型能较好的拟合实验数据． 相似文献
5.
The kinetics of extraction and stripping of copper （Ⅱ） was investigated by the single drop technique with a new extractant N902 （a derivative of the salicylal-doxime） and the rate equations of extraction and stripping were derived, respectively. The apparent activation energies of extraction and stripping were estimated to be 20.14 kJ/mol and 30.0 k J/mol. 相似文献
6.
真空预压技术加固海堤深厚软基原型试验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
真空荷载提供了一种减少堤坝软土地基固结时间的选择. 本文开展了一个海堤全断面的试验及原型观测研究. 试验堤高5. 5 m, 22 m深且三角形布置的塑料排水板作为竖向排水通道, 现场布置了水平测斜和沉降仪等观测仪器, 埋设在不同地基深度的孔隙水压力计用来量测真空-堆载联合荷载下的地基中超静孔隙水压力的变化. 通过场地条件分析、高真空度维持和真空卸载, 得到了系统的沉降变形和孔隙水压力资料, 试验结果验证了真空-堆载联合预压加固海堤软土地基的效果. 相似文献
7.
Based on a systemic survey, the pyrolysis characteristics and apparent kinetics of the municipal solid waste （ MSW） under different conditions were researched using a special pyrolysis reactor, which could overcome the disadvantage of thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The thermal decomposition behaviour of MSW was investigated using thermo-gravimetric （ TG ） analysis at rates of 4.8,6.6,8.4, 12.0 and 13. 2 K/min. The pyrolysis characteristics of MSW were also studied in different function districts. The pyrolysis of MSW is a complex reaction process and three main stages are found according to the results. The first stage represents the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, with the maximum degradation rate occuring at 150℃ -200 ℃： the second stage represents dehydrochlorination and depolymerization of intermediate products and the differential thermogravimetric （ DTG ） curves have shoulder peaks at about 300℃： the third stage is the decomposition of the residual big molecular organic substance and lignin at 400 ℃- 600 ℃. Within the range of given experimental conditions, the results of non-linear fitting algorithm and experiment are in agreement with each other and the correlation coefficients are over0. 99. The kinetic characteristics are concerned with the material component and heating rate. The activation energy of reaction decreases with the increase of heating rate. 相似文献
8.
林智勇 《福建工程学院学报》2016,(4):318-323
利用数值分析方法建立了软土地基模型,采用比奥固结理论,计算分析了真空预压下的软土地基流固耦合作用;并进一步分析了真空度损耗率、密封墙、塑料排水板打设深度等因素对软基加固效果的影响。分析结果表明:在抽真空早期,地表沉降增长很快,达到一定天数后,沉降值逐渐趋于稳定;真空负压沿深度、水平方向上损耗,在加固软土外围形成一个零孔隙水压力面;真空度损耗率、塑料排水板打设深度对真空预压加固软土的效果影响很大;侧向密封墙对加固区内土体影响不大,但其限制了真空负压的侧向传递,使影响区的地基沉降大幅减小。 相似文献
9.
Erythromycinis a mixture of macrolide antibiotics pro-duced bystreptomyces erythreus.Treatment withthis antibi-otic drugin humanand veterinary practiceis still verycom-mon because of the highactivityagainst gram-positive and afewgram-negative strains[1]. … 相似文献
10.
Ultra-high vacuum gaseous hydrogen permeation experiments on Fe3Al-based alloy were performed in the temperature range of 330∼450°C with an upstream hydrogen pressure between 3. 38×104 Pa and 7.28×104 Pa. The results show that the hydrogen diffusivity and permeability in Fe3Al-based alloy obey Arrhenius relationship in the experimental temperature range and the hydrogen permeation process is controlled
by the lattice diffusion of hydrogen at relative high temperature. The activation energy of hydrogen diffusion in the Fe3Al-based alloy was found to be 75 kJ/mol.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (59895157) 相似文献
11.
In this paper the measured values of the vapor pressures by ebulliometer method of two important maleic anhydride recovery solvents, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-iso-butyl hexahydrophthalate (DIBE),between 0. 63-17. 79 kPa and 0. 49-30. 95 kPa,are reported respectively. A comparison of the data of DBP with the published data has been made, which shows good consistency. For the convenient use of these vapor pressures, Cragoe equation, Antoine equation and Kirchhoff equation are selected to correlate them. The correlating results show that Antoine equation is the best one of the three equations to fit for the vapor pressures of the two solvents. According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation, the linear relationship between natural logarithm of pressure and reciprocal of temperature is used to calculate the molar latent heats of evaporation of the two organic solvents. The molar latent heats of evaporation of DBP and DIBE are 75.1 kJ/mol and 67.7 kJ/mol, respectively. 相似文献
12.
2，5-二（4-甲基苯基）-1，3，4-噁二唑分子的光谱与热力学性质的理论研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP／6-31＋G＊水平计算研究2,5-二（4-甲基苯基）-1,3,4噁二唑分子的几何结构、光谱、热力学性质．结果显示,该分子三个环处于同一平面,与晶体结构一致．气相中最低能量跃迁吸收峰出现在315nm,对应最高占据分子轨道到最低未占分子轨道的π-π＊电子跃迁．热力学计算显示,随温度的升高,2,5-二（4-甲基苯基）-1,3,4-噁二唑分子的标准摩尔焓Hm,标准摩尔热容Cpm,标准摩尔熵Sm均呈二次函数增大．298．15K与标准大气压下,其标准摩尔生成焓和标准摩尔生成自由能分别为-102．51kJ／mol和110．88kJ／mol.表明由稳定单质生成气态2,5-二（4-甲基苯基）-1,3,4-噁二唑分子时尽管要放热,但不能自发进行． 相似文献
13.
Ｚｉｒｃｏｎｉｕｍａｌｌｏｙｓｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｉｎｇｖｅｒｙｌｏｗａｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｍａｌｎｅｕｔｒｏｎｓ,ｇｏｏｄｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｉｎｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｗａｔｅｒ ,ａｎｄｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐ ｅｒｔｉｅｓａｒｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｆｏｒｎｕｃｌｅａｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ ,ａｎｄｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｅｍｐｌｏｙｅｄａｓｎｕｃｌｅａｒｆｕｅｌｃｌａｄｄｉｎｇａｎｄａｓｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｉｎｌｉｇｈｔ… 相似文献
14.
采用荧光光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱法研究了地美硝唑与牛血清蛋白的结合反应,发现地美硝唑对牛血清白蛋白有较强的荧光猝灭作用,该猝灭过程主要为静态猝灭过程。从荧光光谱数据,由Stern—Volmer方程和Lineweaver—Burk方程分析并处理实验数据得到了23℃时结合反应的结合常数K=1．03×10^4L／mol,结合位点数为0．70,结合反应的标准焓变、标准熵变、和标准吉布斯自由能变分别为～63．48kJ／mol,-96．22J／K,-35．00kJ／mol。 相似文献
15.
16.
Two isomers ofnitrochlorobenzene （o- andp-NCB） were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines （CAN） first through an amination process, and then rapidly dechlorinated to become aniline （AN） and CI^-, without the involvement of any other intermediate reaction products. The amination and dechlorination reaction are believed to take place predominantly on the surface site of the Pd/Fe catalysts. The dechlorination rate of the reductive degradation of the two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene （o-, and p-NCB） in the presence of Pd/Fe as a catalyst was measured experimentally. In all cases, the reaction rate constants were found to increase with the decrease in the Gibbs free energy （correlation with the activation energy） of NCBs formation; the activation energy of each dechlorination reaction was measured to be 95.83 and 77.05 kJ/mol, respectively for o- and p-NCB. The results demonstrated that p-NCBs were reduced more easily than o-NCBs. 相似文献
17.
粉煤灰吸附城市生活污水中磷的动力学研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从动力学角度研究了粉煤灰吸附城市生活污水中磷的反应级数、指前因子和反应活化能．结果表明：粉煤灰对磷的吸附反应的反应级数为-0．0808,指前因子A为8．87×10^-12（mol·L^-1）^1.0808min^-1,表观活化能E为-25．45kJ·mol-1． 相似文献
18.
高艳萍 《安阳师范学院学报》2008,(2):75-77
研究了硫酸氢钠催化下,肉桂酸和环己醇的酯化作用,得出最佳反应条件是：酸醇物质的量比为1：4,反应时间为1h,催化剂用量为0．5g／0．02mol酸,肉桂酸的转化率为96．7％。 相似文献
19.
By coupling the heat transfer equation with semi-global chemical reaction kinetic equations, a onedimensional, unsteady mathematical model is developed to describe the pyrolysis of single biomass pellet in the pyrolysis zone of downdraft gasifier. The simulation results in inert atmosphere and pyrolysis zone agree well with the published experimental results. The pyrolysis of biomass pellets in pyrolysis zone is investigated, and the results show that the estimated convective heat transfer coefficient and emissivity coefficient are suitable. The mean pyrolysis time is 15.22%, shorter than that in inert atmosphere, and the pellet pyrolysis process in pyrolysis zone belongs to fast pyrolysis. Among the pyrolysis products, tar yield is the most, gas the second, and char the least. During pyrolysis, the temperature change near the center is contrary to that near the surface. Pyrolysis gradually moves inwards layer by layer. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature and pellet diameter, the total pyrolysis time, tar yield, char yield and gas yield change in different ways. The height of pyrolysis zone is calculated to be 1.51—3.51 times of the characteristic pellet diameter. 相似文献
20.
Due to large-scale dredging operations, a large amount of sludge is inevitably produced. Large areas of land are occupied when the dredged sludge is discarded in the disposal site as waste material. The sludge dewatering with aeration-vacuum (SDAV) method is suit for treating the sludge with high water content and high clay content in the disposal site. The water in the sludge can be discharged out. The volume of the sludge can be reduced quickly, and the recycling of the land can be accelerated by this method. Most importantly, this technique is an efficient way to deal with clogging problems when pumping water from high water content, high clay content dredged sludge. Vacuum degree range tests, the aeration rate range tests, and the influencing factors of sludge dewatering behavior tests were conducted with a self-developed SDAV model test device. Sludge samples were taken from the South-to-North Water Diversion East Line Project in Huai’an White-Horse Lake disposal site, Jiangsu Province, China. The optimal range of vacuum degree and aeration rate were obtained through the test results, and the mechanisms for how the two factors work and how they affect the sludge dewatering behavior were analyzed. The suitable vacuum degree range in SDAV is below 50 kPa, and the suitable aeration rate is about 1.0 m3/h. The low-vacuum degree contributes to reduce the ad-sorption effect of micro-channels on soil particles in filter material and to maintain the arch structures. Aeration has the effects of expansion, disturbance, changing Reynolds number, and dynamic sieve separating. The pump quantity of water per meter of filter tube (m) has different change rules as the vacuum degree changes under different aeration rates. The reason is that the formed arch structures’ conformation and permeability differ greatly under different combined-conditions of vacuum degree and aeration rate. The optimal combined-condition for dewatering the sludge is 35 kPa with 1.0 m3/h. 相似文献