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探讨新闻专业主义,不能离开"职业"观和"专业"观,尤其不能离开西方职业化发展的长期历史传统。从新闻专业主义到专业主义,从专业到职业,源于西方的新闻专业主义有完整系统的逻辑和历史支撑,西方"职业群体"在社会中担负的角色与中国也有很大不同。作为新闻专业主义之前提的"专业性职业"并非是对中国新闻业发展历程和客观存在的准确描述,忽视这一点则可能加大我们根据西方范式书写自身历史的风险。由此,我们需要把目光从具有局限性的"职业"和"专业"话语中移开,从具有某种封闭特性的"职业理念"中走出来,追寻一种更开放的"新闻理念",注意其与更广泛的人群和宏大时代主题的密切关联,涵纳所有新闻生产参与者们的集体意识和共同实践。 相似文献
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作为一个制度主义经济学家,媒介研究的先驱英尼斯的传播研究应视为他经济研究的一个延续,他在经济史的研究中建立起一套以技术为线索、对社会演化历史进行政治经济分析的路子,英尼斯从来把历史看作是一个复杂系统,把社会的演进视作多因素复合而成的制度的演进,在这个过程中,他发现了媒介的重大作用,认为信息、知识、思想的传播对社会组织关系、制度习惯、文化变迁的影响更甚于经济.他传播研究中的制度主义方法论可概括为:文化和整体观,演化的观念,集体主义视角,以及对权力、所有权的关注. 相似文献
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明晰主导性新闻观念、确立明确的"新闻主义"是时代的要求。本文认为,建立在"发展新闻主义"与"专业新闻主义"统一基础上的"发展新闻专业主义",是当代中国主导新闻观念的可能选择。在观念论视野中,发展新闻专业主义,就是以新闻专业主义观念实现新闻业自身健康发展、促进社会整体发展、促成新闻领域与其他社会领域良性互动发展的"新闻主义"。 相似文献
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对新闻生产的研究最早可以追溯到20世纪50年代"把关人"的研究,但"把关人"只是新闻生产中微小的一个环节。舒德森认为,新闻的生产方式以及引发的媒介效果是一个多变的研究领域,这就将新闻生产研究引入更宏观的研究视角——社会学的视角。我们有必要对其思想进行分析,重思新闻业的定位,这些都是其新闻生产思想对我们的启示。 相似文献
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研究范式是数字化语境下信息科学基础理论研究的重要内容。信息科学是具有多元研究范式的常规科学,不同研究范式之间彼此关联,有可比性。本文在文献调研的基础上论述信息科学三种典型研究范式的基本观点和最新进展。系统/物理范式与信息论和技术传统关系密切,忽视信息用户和理论基础的适用性问题已成为该范式受到争议之所在。认知范式作为系统/物理范式的替代性范式而兴起,其科学共同体的发展趋于成熟。针对认知范式中社会维度的缺失,整体主义认知观等理论模型的提出使认知范式更加完善。领域分析范式重视认识论方法,强调社会文化情景的重要性,提倡从知识领域和话语社群角度开展研究。指出应从元理论层次比较信息科学各研究范式的基本理论假设与预设立场,构建从不同视角阐述社会信息现象的多元研究范式结构框架。 相似文献
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本文从自由主义和公共性的理论出发,对相关文献进行梳理,进而对报刊理论中的新闻专业主义、社会责任论进行梳理,最后对公共新闻业与它们的关系进行了分析。本文认为,新闻专业主义与社会责任论的理论基石为英国哲学家以赛亚·伯林提出的"积极自由"与"消极自由"两分法,而哈贝马斯的公共领域学说也为报刊的公共新闻学理论与公共新闻业兴起提供了理论支持。 相似文献
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在当今中国社会,弥漫着的消费主义倾向在被施拉姆称为"社会雷达"的大众传播媒介中越发凸显出来,伴随着西方文化的浸染和中国社会物质财富的空前繁荣,消费主义在传媒活动领域内化为新闻消费主义,新闻专业主义不断受到新闻消费主义的消解,笔者认为,我们应当辩证地看待二者的激烈抗衡. 相似文献
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文章通过对相关学术文献中关于可视化新闻生产的话语构成的检视,以及对瑞士五家新闻机构的可视化编辑的深度访谈,全面勾勒数字化新闻生产与传统新闻生产之间存在的理念冲突,以及这种冲突对于新闻业发展变迁路径的潜在影响.研究发现,可视化新闻生产逻辑将"真实"界定为再现层面上的操作性概念,主张将美学的维度纳入新闻专业主义体系,同时提出了重构新闻价值标准的要求,这对传统新闻理念的权威性构成了显而易见的挑战.文章进而提出可视化新闻生产所遵循的"科学-艺术"观念结构有可能导致整个社会公共空间和文化结构的变迁. 相似文献
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Michael McCluskey Susan E. Stein Michael P. Boyle Douglas M. McLeod 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(3):353-371
Research on news coverage of social protest has yielded evidence of a “protest paradigm,” a framework of common news attributes that contribute to the marginalizing of protesters as social deviants. Analysis here investigates whether adherence to the protest paradigm varies by structural characteristics of the communities in which news organizations originate. More specifically, news organizations in less pluralistic communities may exhibit lower tolerance for social conflict than news organizations in more pluralistic communities. This research compares newspaper coverage of social protest from communities with varied levels of pluralism. Results showed that newspapers in less pluralistic communities were more critical of protesters when local government was the target and were less likely to quote protesters in stories. Further, newspapers in less pluralistic communities were more critical of protesters when stories were on the front page than those appearing elsewhere in the newspaper. Implications for understanding the protest paradigm and influences of community structure on news coverage patterns were explored. 相似文献
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框架分析:一个亟待澄清的理论概念 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文分析了框架分析三大研究领域——新闻生产研究、媒体内容研究和效果研究,并且提出,虽然大多数框架分析都是批判研究,但是也应该容许不同范式的研究相互争论。 相似文献
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《Journalism Practice》2013,7(2):153-167
In this paper I explore the process of access as it was gained, and sometimes denied, during an extensive ethnographic research made on a surprisingly overlooked strand in news production—the international production processes of news pictures. Through an interpretive analysis, I demonstrate the various access challenges “second-wave” news ethnographers might face, as well as the additional access skills they may require, to explore fully today's news labour in future news production ethnography. 相似文献
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互联网时代的新闻传播环境发生了巨大变化,虚假新闻及其传播也呈现出新特点。作为互联网技术条件下新闻生产过程的方法论变革,新闻“透明性”原则在实践和理论两个层面不断发展。本文结合《新闻记者》2010—2018虚假新闻研究报告,从“新闻生产前”“新闻生产中”和“新闻生产后”三个层次分析了虚假新闻产生的原因,论述了透明性原则在新闻生产各阶段对规避虚假新闻的生产与传播起到的作用,探讨了透明性原则作为一种新的理念引入新闻工作实践对规避虚假新闻的可行性。 相似文献
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Rachel R. Mourão 《Mass Communication and Society》2019,22(1):49-71
In 2013, small demonstrations against bus fares evolved into a series of large protests expressing generalized dissatisfaction with leftist president Dilma Rousseff in Brazil. Communication research has long examined the “protest paradigm,” a pattern of news coverage delegitimizing social movements. The Brazilian context provided a chance to assess the extent to which the paradigm holds when protests take on a conservative elite-supported narrative contesting the government. Through a quantitatively driven mixed-methods approach combining content analysis and interviews with mainstream journalists, this study revealed that when grievances evolved into coherent antigovernment demands, official sources from opposition parties served to legitimize the movement. As such, this study departed from an understanding of protest coverage as paradigmatic toward a complex view of the relationship between protestors and the press. Findings showed that when elite opposition groups supported protests, journalistic norms and routines validated demonstrations. 相似文献
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Benjamin H. Detenber Melissa R. Gotlieb Douglas M. McLeod Olga Malinkina 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(4):439-460
This study investigated the effects of the intensity of the protest paradigm frame in news stories about social protests. In contrast to previous research, this experiment examined framing effects in the context of a highly visible and familiar issue. The intensity of the application of the protest paradigm frame and its attendant signifying elements and framing devices were manipulated in television news stories about pro-choice and pro-life protests. Specifically, the high-intensity protest paradigm frame conditions were more critical of the protesters. We tested six hypotheses regarding whether this greater frame intensity would lead viewers to be more negative toward the protesters. Results showed significant main effects of frame intensity for some dependent measures but not others. The findings offer more evidence of framing effects but also suggest limitations on their influence. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 为完善学科知识结构的揭示过程,将隐含的、抽象的学科知识结构具象化,形成较为严谨的方法规范和理论范式。[方法/过程] 对揭示学科知识结构所调用的相关理论、方法、技术等进行系统分析,将"三计学"理论（文献计量学、科学计量学和信息计量学）、社会网络分析方法、学科知识结构理论和知识图谱技术进行集成优化和协同整合。[结果/结论] 构建学科知识结构揭示模型,即以"三计学"模块为基础、社会网络分析模块为支撑、学科知识结构模块为牵引、知识图谱模块为输出、四大模块交叉融合的"233-1理论模型",为实证研究提供理论支撑,也为相关研究提供方法学参考和依据。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Digital platforms such as search engines and social media have become major gateways to news. Algorithms are used to deliver news that is consistent with consumers’ preferences and individuals share news through their online social networks. This networked environment has resulted in growing uncertainty about online information which has had an impact on news industries globally. While it is well established that perceptions of trust in news found on social media or via search engines are lower than traditional news media, there has been less discussion about the impact of social media use on perceptions of trust in the news media more broadly. This study fills that gap by examining the influence of social media as news sources and pathways to news on perceptions of the level of news trust at a country level. A secondary data analysis of a 26-country survey in 2016 and 2019 was conducted. The analysis revealed an increase in social media use for accessing news resulted in a decline in trust in news media generally across the globe. Higher levels of general mistrust in news were related to an increased use of sharing of news. This paper argues the use of social media for news is closely linked to the increase in news mistrust, which is likely to continue to rise as the number of people using social media to access news continues to grow. 相似文献