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1.
多语言环境下少数民族儿童及其家庭语言选择行为的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在民族地区多语言环境下,儿童及其家庭存在语言的选择行为,而这种行为受到语言教育政策、语言市场价值、语言文化传承功能等因素的影响。在少数民族地区首先应尊重儿童及其家长对语言的选择;在此基础上还应该提高学生学习本民族文化的意识,同时向他们介绍多元文化的理念,创设多语言、多文化学习的环境;提升教师实施双语教学的能力,为学生提供更多的教育资源和语言文化适宜的发展平台。 相似文献
2.
儿童习得母语的能力从何而来、其过程又是如何?儿童习得母语的过程只是在一种语言系统中进行的,认知能力的发展为语言能力的发展提供了丰富的"物质内容"。因此,其语言能力的发展,与他们本民族文化知识的接受,与他们的认知能力的发展,以及他们思想观念、价值的形成是同步进行的,相互不会发生矛盾冲突,而语言能力的发展又进一步促进认知能力的发展。基于此,通过儿童语言发展过程展示儿童母语习得的过程及其带来的启示。 相似文献
3.
陈闽光 《山东教育学院学报》2009,24(2):53-55
在青春期之前，人类有一个掌握语言的关键期，此时儿童掌握语言的能力极强。本文从语言的输入→内部机制加工→输出三个方面，将儿童超常能力的原因归结为环境因素、生理心理因素、教育与实践活动因素，并结合国外研究成果进行了分析。 相似文献
4.
不同地区和民族9～12岁儿童数学能力发展分析与对策研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
本文探讨了９～１２岁云南省昆明市的汉族儿童、西双版纳州的汉族与傣族儿童的数学能力发展的总体趋势和变化规律,以及不同地区、不同民族儿童数学能力发展的年龄特征和差异。从教育环境、语言发展水平、学校教学活动水平三个方面分析造成差异的原因,同时针对这些原因和存在的问题提出５点建议,希望能对民族基础数学教育有一定启示,并为研究民族儿童认知发展积累资料 相似文献
5.
语言作为一种交际工具.使用者,必须掌握一定的技能和规则.儿童语言能力的获得与儿童的生活环境密切相关,语言作为儿童所有学习的核心,是儿童学习和认识四周事物的媒介,语言能力的正常与否,会直接影响儿童的整体发展.因此,培养儿童的语言能力具有非常重要的现实意义. 相似文献
6.
本文旨在探讨汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语言加工技能缺陷及其对汉语阅读的影响.以58对汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童和正常对照组儿童为被试,进行语音意识、语素意识、命名速度和汉语阅读技能测试.结果发现:(1)汉语发展性阅读障碍组各项语言加工技能指标均低于对照组;(2)各项语言加工技能与汉语识字及阅读理解均有中等程度相关,可 在一定程度上预测汉语阅读水平,但总预测率低于50％;(3)识字水平在各项语言加工技能与阅读理解之间均起完全中介作用.研究结果显示:语言加工缺陷是汉语发展性阅读障碍 的重要发生机制,它通过影响识字水平进而影响阅读理解水平. 相似文献
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8.
3岁前后是儿童口头语言发展最为迅速的阶段.因此,这一时期被认为是儿童语言学习能力发展的关键期.语言学习能力是指儿童对语言包括口头语言(言语)和书面语言(文字)的认知与表达能力,主要包括语言的感知、记忆、理解与运用的能力等.然而,3岁儿童的语言学习与语言学习能力发展有何特点?如何根据这些特点来进行有效的教育指导?本文以家庭学习环境中父亲与儿子的对话真实记录为依据,探讨3岁儿童语言(母语)学习与语言学习能力发展的特点和如何进行教育指导的问题. 相似文献
9.
本研究以新疆学前双语幼儿园384名维吾尔族儿童为研究对象,通过国际通用儿童语言研究工具和汉语语料库研究方法,探讨新疆学前双语教育情境中民族儿童的汉语发展现状。研究发现了学前民族儿童汉语学习呈现不断递升的发展图景,在汉语理解性语义和表达性语义、叙事语言和学业语言,以及汉语平均语句长度等方面逐渐发展的态势,报告了学前民族儿童汉语入学准备的良好前景;根据学前民族儿童汉语语言学习与发展规律,对新疆学前双语教育提出了整合有序的教育模式的建议;同时针对学前民族儿童与汉语为母语儿童之间的汉语语义发展差距,建议新疆学前双语教育重视引入早期阅读理念和图画书资源,为民族儿童的汉语学习构建高质量的语言输入过程。 相似文献
10.
自闭症谱系儿童语言干预中的"视觉支持"策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自闭症谱系障碍儿童的语言理解和运用在很大程度上可能涉及到视觉能力的参与."视觉支持"是根据这一认知加工特点而设计的干预策略.从种类上说,视觉支持工具包括视觉流程表、信息分享栏、组织图等.这些视觉工具既能够单独使用,又能够整合到相关的教育干预方案(如图片兑换沟通系统、结构化教学、社会故事方案)之中.视觉支持策略能够有效提高自闭症谱系障碍的社会交往能力和语言能力,是一种值得提倡和推广的语言干预策略. 相似文献
11.
马玉荣 《新疆教育学院学报》2013,29(1):22-25
3-4岁是幼儿语言发展的关键期。提高听说能力成为民语幼儿理解运用汉语的桥梁。评价是双语教学活动中的重要环节,可以使幼儿在汉语学习过程中获得大量的反馈信息,教师通过这种反馈的信息可以反思自己的教育教学行为,从而提高双语教学的质量。 相似文献
12.
Processing limitations in children with specific language impairment: the role of executive function
Research suggests that children with specific language impairment (SLI) have processing limitations; however, the mechanisms involved have not been well defined or investigated in a theory-guided manner. The theory of constructive operators was used as a framework to explore processes underlying limited processing capacity in children with SLI. Mental attentional capacity, mental attentional interruption, and 2 specific executive functions (shifting and updating) were examined in 45 children with SLI and 45 children with normally developing language, aged 7 to 12 years. The results revealed overall group differences in performance on measures of mental attention, interruption, and updating, but not shifting. The findings supported the premise that mental attention predicted language competence, but that this relationship was mediated partially by updating. 相似文献
13.
李纯 《新疆职业大学学报》2004,12(4):52-53,77
本文主要论述文化在语言学习中的重要性、汉语学习的文化干扰因素及排除文化干扰因素的策略，阐明了如何在汉语教学过程中从不同的层面来培养学生的文化意识，促使学生的语言能力尽快、有效地转变成交际能力，不断提高民族学生的汉语水平。 相似文献
14.
儿童的语言教育既要遵循儿童发展的规律,又要符合语言教育规律,还要考虑少数民族儿童语言学习的特点。在学前教育阶段加强国家通用语教育的策略包括:加强党的民族政策的学习,把握双语教育的正确方向;优先支持民族地区幼儿园建设,普及民族地区学前教育,在幼儿阶段强化国家通用语教育;在活动中提高儿童的国家通用语水平;注重信息技术的运用;加强学前师资队伍建设;营造良好的国家通用语学习环境。加强少数民族地区幼儿园建设,普及民族地区学前教育,抓住儿童语言发展的关键期开展国家通用语教育,使少数民族儿童较好掌握国家通用语,为少数民族儿童的终身发展奠定坚实的基础,对促进少数民族儿童的国家认同、加强民族团结,意义重大,影响深远。 相似文献
15.
Given the research that suggests the social use of language is the latest developing aspect of language, it was hypothesized that children with speech/language impairment (SLI) are particularly susceptible to social interaction difficulties, resulting in diminished social competence. This hypothesis was explored with SLI and non‐language‐impaired (NLI) 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children by gathering measures of social problem solving ability (as rated by teachers, parents, and peers), emotion knowledge, and language development. Results provided partial support for the hypothesis above. Speech/language‐impaired children were rated significantly lower on parent ratings of self‐control and higher in internalizing behaviors, and lower on teacher ratings of assertiveness, than the NLI controls. There were no differences noted on peer sociometric ratings or mutual friendships. However, SLI children scored lower on a stereotypical test of emotional knowledge, while scoring similarly to NLI controls on a nonstereotypical test. A test of language development (TELD‐2) differentiated the SLI and NLI groups, both expressively and receptively. In addition, the TELD‐2 indicated a significant difference in semantic processing errors, but not syntax errors, between the two groups. The differential effects of speech/language impairment on the development of social competence were explored. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 313–321, 2004. 相似文献
16.
This article describes kindergarten from the perspective of the whole child. Specifically, it reviews current research on
best practices to improve children’s math and language arts competencies, memory skills, and the role of kindergarten in beginning
science. It also describes the social experiences children have in kindergarten with respect to their academic success. Similarly,
it reviews the impact of emotional competence on school success. This article then reviews research describing three major
influences on children’s kindergarten adaptation and success (i.e., transition, parental involvement, retention). The article
concludes with a discussion of full-day kindergarten programs and their potential for improving the chances of all kindergarten
children, especially low-income and ethnic minority children, for success in school. 相似文献
17.
Bryant Jensen Leslie Reese Kendra Hall-Kenyon Courtney Bennett 《Early education and development》2013,24(7):933-955
Research Findings: In this study we analyze how parent and teacher ratings of young Latino children’s social competencies in rural California are associated with children’s oral language development. We find (a) that there is considerable incongruence between parent and teacher ratings of child social competence, (b) that both parent and teacher ratings account for meaningful variation in children’s oral language development, and (c) that incongruence between parent and teacher ratings is associated with oral language above and beyond the effects of parent and teacher ratings alone. Practice or Policy: Young Latino children’s social competencies contribute to their oral language development. These competencies represent an important, though to date underutilized, asset for building stronger academic/language functioning. Part of the paradoxical development of Latino children (i.e., strong social though weak academic/language competence) could be attributable to cultural differences that underlie teacher and parent perceptions of social competence. Teachers of young Latino children should (a) be aware of the cultural nature of social competence and (b) explore culturally responsive ways of interacting in classrooms to build stronger oral language functioning. 相似文献
18.
"一带一路"倡议的提出加强了不同国别、不同地区之间的文化交流与合作。基于"一带一路"背景,深度梳理和分析民族院校教师跨文化交际能力的构成维度,从理念、知识、能力三个维度提炼出民族院校教师跨文化交际能力的整合性、贯通性和融合性特征,即将文化主体、文化本体和文化差异的整合理念;将语言、文化和社会信息贯通驾驭的知识基础;将语言基础、文化适应和交际实践融合的实践能力。从文化自信与文化交融的角度审视"一带一路"背景下民族院校教师跨文化交际能力培养的时代呼声,不仅有助于实现民族院校国际化人才培养的目标和深度践行"一带一路"倡议的人文基础,而且能更好地探寻民族院校教师跨文化交际能力培养的实践困境。为突破民族院校教师跨文化交际能力培养过程中出现的跨文化理念淡薄、跨文化知识匮乏、跨文化能力难以形成等困境,结合"一带一路"教育外交的具体实践,从认识层面整合、组织层面革新、政府层面扶持来建构民族院校教师跨文化交际能力培养的具体实践模式。 相似文献
19.
运用调查法、文献资料法、数理统计等方法对两名说汉语儿童从1岁到4岁进行长期跟踪调查研究,根据儿童的认知能力和语言能力,把儿童疑问句习得过程划分为四个阶段,对各阶段所获数据进行早期儿童疑问句习得的形式研究分析,结果显示各个阶段儿童的疑问形式凸显不一样,这表明儿童早期的疑问句习得受到认知能力和语言能力的限制。 相似文献
20.
Corina D 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》1998,3(1):35-48
The ability to comprehend and produce language stands as a defining characteristic of human cognition and enables the transfer of knowledge and culture within human society. A proper characterization of the human capacity for language is required for the development of interventions that may be used to assist those individuals who have failed to achieve, or who have lost competence in, language behaviors. For signed languages, models of competent language use are lacking. This lack of knowledge hampers the development of effective assessment measures for deaf children who may be experiencing learning problems beyond those confronting the normal deaf child. I discuss two research avenues that have begun to provide a window into the neural systems involved in sign language processing: studies of language disruptions in adult deaf signers who have suffered brain injury, and studies of functional brain imaging in normal deaf signers. This research provides a basis for the development of a comprehensive neurocognitive model of sign language processing. 相似文献