共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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【目的/意义】基于Rao-Stirling 指数和LDA模型进行领域学科交叉主题识别,并以纳米科技为例验证将
Rao-Stirling 指数和LDA模型用于领域学科交叉主题识别的有效性和适用性。【方法/过程】基于Rao-Stirling 指数
测度领域文献学科交叉程度,设定阈值发现高度学科交叉文献。基于LDA模型对筛选出的学科交叉文献进行主题
识别,发现学科交叉点和学科交叉研究主题。【结果/结论】基于Rao-Stirling 指数从引文的角度进行领域文献学科
交叉测度可以有效地发现与某领域相关的学科交叉文献,且有利于大数据集的学科交叉文献发现研究的实现。基
于LDA模型进行学科交叉主题识别可以有效地发现学科交叉主题。两方法的组合应用为发现某领域学科交叉主
题研究提供一种新视角。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】通过异构网络的多模关系分析可以整合更多的主题关联关系,从而提高学科交叉主题识别的
准确度。【方法/过程】系统调研了已有的2-模异构网络的社区识别方法,将2-模网络社区直接识别分为投影方法、
非投影方法、扩展的多模网络分析和超网络分析,并对比这些已有方法在学科交叉主题识别中的优劣。在此基础
上选择对应分析作为2-模网络社区识别方法,对情报学的学科交叉主题进行识别和分析。【结果/结论】对应分析作
为一种2-模关系分析方法可直接识别异构网络的学科交叉主题,并保证更少的信息遗漏。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】不同学科知识的相互整合是交叉研究领域形成和发展的基础。对交叉领域知识整合过程的理解有助于促进交叉领域的知识发现和知识创新。【方法/过程】本文利用自然语言处理技术,从交叉领域文献题录数据、引文上下文和参考文献文本信息中抽取知识短语,以引证关系和词汇匹配关系为线索,提出吸纳知识和内化知识的识别方法,深入揭示交叉领域中“知识吸纳-知识内化”的知识整合过程。【结果/结论】以电子健康领域（eHealth）为例,揭示了该领域的知识内化总体特征和不同来源学科所提供知识的内化特征差异。【创新/局限】本文结合引文内容对交叉领域知识内化过程进行量化分析,提出了一种新颖的全文本量化分析方法,为理解交叉领域的知识生长过程提供了新的视角和分析方法。未来研究可以结合参考文献全文以进一步优化这一方法,同时在更多的交叉研究领域开展实证。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】对国内外新兴技术概念和识别方法进行梳理，总结对比各方法的特点和研究中存在的不足，为未来新兴技术识别研究提供多维视角和方法参考。【方法/过程】通过新兴技术与前沿技术、颠覆性技术概念辨析，明确新兴技术的内涵与特征；然后从数据源、识别路径、识别指标、有效性验证等四个层面梳理新兴技术识别方法的特点及优劣。【结果/结论】总结得出新兴技术识别的4方面数据源、2大识别路径、5类识别指标、4种有效性验证方法，未来可进一步探讨新兴技术形成机制、多源数据的融合，改进基于术语的新兴技术识别路径、更细粒度的自动化识别方法，加强识别指标与技术特征的关联解释，完善识别结果的有效性验证等。【创新/局限】全面系统对新兴技术识别方法进行归纳梳理，从主题和术语两类识别单元归纳新兴技术识别路径机理及方法模型，有利于为新兴技术识别提供不同维度的研究思路。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】学科领域的研究前沿是科学研究的重点。鉴于识别研究前沿中缺乏将用户需求信息和发文 趋势结合的现况,本文提出基于引文量与发文量,利用Z分数与Sen’ s斜率的研究前沿识别方法。【方法/过程】利用 LDA模型提取学科领域的研究主题,以Z分数代表研究主题的活跃度,Sen’ s斜率代表研究主题的发文趋势,以图书 馆学领域为例,分析其研究主题在2012-2017年的发文量与引文量,实现对该领域研究前沿的识别。【结果/结论】图 书馆学领域的前沿主题有图书馆网络化与自动化、阅读推广、公共文化事业、信息资源建设与知识管理等。通过与 Citespace突发检测法相比,证明本文提出的方法在识别学科领域研究前沿时更全面。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】打破学科界限、提倡学科融合是新文科建设的一项重要举措,该创新举措为我国人文社会科
学领域综合类期刊发展带来了难得的机遇。【方法/过程】以我国人文社会科学领域1999-2020年间发表的190万余
篇核心期刊论文为数据源,通过构建期刊综合性和学科交叉性测度指标,对该领域综合类期刊的综合性与学科交
叉性进行计算。【结果/结论】我国人文社会科学领域综合类期刊整体的综合性在不断降低,综合类期刊载文学科分
布积聚态势明显,专业化、特色化趋势不断增强。与此同时,综合类期刊载文的学科交叉性持续增强,越来越多的
刊物开始关注和组织跨学科研究选题,逐渐由“学科综合”向“问题综合”转变。但是由于我国综合类期刊数量繁
多,质量参差不齐,综合类期刊整体情况与个体差异仍存在较为显著的差距。【创新/局限】聚焦综合类期刊自身具
备多学科知识交汇的综合性特征和面向复杂问题研究的跨学科知识交叉融合特征,构建指标算法进行量化研究,
但是在期刊个体特征测度和学科交叉知识点的挖掘上仍有不足。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】学科交叉研究是学科建设情报分析中的重要领域。对学科交叉的测度可以客观反映学术实 体的学科交叉现状,为学科建设提供参考和借鉴。【方法/过程】在综述国内外现有学科交叉评价方法的基础上，提 出一种基于论文产出的从学科交叉规模和学科交叉难度两个方面来协同度量学科交叉情况的测度方法。该方法 首先基于学科分类体系构建学科树，然后根据论文所属学科分类来计算学科交叉规模和学科交叉难度，提出交叉 指数算法和TOP-K学科组合算法来表征学术实体学科交叉情况。【结果/结论】选取国家和高校两类学术实体对本 文方法进行实证检验，证明了本文所提出方法的实用性。同时通过算法性能分析，证明了本文提出方法的高效性。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】比较中日两国 SCI论文中学科交叉合作网络的点度中心度和位置简化图的差异,为我国学科
交叉合作的科技政策提供参考依据。【方法/过程】以 2015年 Web of Science数据库中 SCI收录的中日具有学科交叉
合作性的论文为研究对象,利用社会网络分析法,对中日学科交叉合作网络的特征进行对比分析。【结果/结论】我
国学科交叉合作网络中影响力较高的是工程科学、材料科学、化学和物理学;位置简化图连线较少、关系简单,经济
与商学和精神病学/心理学处于孤立位置。日本影响力较高的学科是工程科学、材料科学、化学、物理学、临床医学
和生物学与生物化学;位置简化图连线较多、关系复杂,没有孤立位置。我国应该提高临床医学、生物学与生物化
学的影响力,加强理学、工学、生命科学和医学学科之间的交叉合作。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献