共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
美国学前教育改革的新动向--入学准备研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
学龄前儿童的入学准备研究，是目前美国学前教育改革的一个热门话题。文章揭示了影响入学准备的两个重要因素：学生和学校，并概述当前美国各州入学准备研究的情况以及对我国学前教育改革的一些启示。 相似文献
2.
儿童入学准备生态化环境的建构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
"入学准备"问题一直是学前教育研究领域中的热点问题,同时也受到来自父母、教师以及政府极大的关注.基于生态学观点的儿童入学准备理论被美国教育部2000年目标工作委员会(NEGP)采纳,成为当前最有影响力的入学准备理论之一.美国儿童入学准备生态化理论模型对建构我国儿童入学准备生态化环境有一定的启示. 相似文献
3.
《佳木斯教育学院学报》2017,(10)
学前教育阶段至关重要,为后续儿童的入学适应性奠定基础。家长作为与儿童息息相关的人,其在儿童入学准备过程中的参与情况直接影响着儿童的入学准备状态。因此调查研究学前教育阶段家长参与儿童入学准备的情况具有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
4.
入学准备在美国:不仅仅是入学准备 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本文分析了儿童入学准备问题在美国引起社会普遍关注的原因,指出入学准备问题不仅仅是学前教育领域中的问题,实际上是一个涉及教育公平和种族和谐的社会政治问题;介绍了美国政府最近推出的旨在解决入学准备上的社会经济阶层、种族和族群差距的一系列政策措施;结合我国学前教育的政策和体制改革,讨论了从中可获得的启示. 相似文献
5.
入学准备问题近年来一直是美国学前教育中的焦点问题,其中有关缩小入学准备差异的研究获得了丰富的研究成果与研究经验:一是进行跨测验的差异比较可以使用标准差作为准绳;二是差异的形成是多因素交互作用的结果;三是缩小差异的有效策略应以儿童为直接干预对象。 相似文献
6.
幼小衔接和入学准备都是学前教育研究中的重要概念.但它们在社会背景、准备内容、关注阶段与影响时效、理论基础和价值取向等方面都具有不同的关注点.当前,入学准备已成为学前教育领域一种具有代表性的新研究视角. 相似文献
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当前国内外诸多学前教育研究均表明针对学前儿童的教育应以游戏和活动为主要方式,不宜只为上学做准备而被过早灌输学科知识,更不应提前将学前教育＂小学化＂,但社会压力与期待依旧蔓延在学前教育领域。本文从科学学前教育观阐述,学前教育特点分析,美国、澳大利亚等国家学前教育内容制度比较,以及幼儿教师提高教育能力等方面入手,纠正现阶段公众存在的错误学前教育观,引导家长正确看待孩子的＂入学准备＂,希望还给孩子们童真有趣、健康活泼的童年。 相似文献
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环境与儿童入学准备：国外儿童入学准备教育实践的生态化取向及其启示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以生态化研究为视角,从家庭、学校及学前教育三方面出发加以探讨可以发现,影响儿童入学准备的环境主要包括以下几点:影响儿童入学准备的家庭环境因素;学校为儿童作好准备所需要达到的基本目标,所涉及的基本领域和应该采取的基本措施;创造满足儿童多方面发展需要的学前教育环境。 相似文献
10.
我国贫困地区农村儿童早期发展与学前教育质量思考 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
我国贫困地区农村学前儿童的入学认知准备总体情况不客乐观,农村学前儿童入学认知准备与其学前教育经历密切相关,对其未来的学业成绩具有预测性.因此,帮助学前儿童做好入学准备是现阶段我国贫困地区农村学前教育发展的核心问题.贫困地区农村学前教育事业发展的重点是快速普及学前一年教育.政府应重视并抓好学前一年教育的课程与教材建设,重构农村学前教育管理与培训体系,通过各种方式提高贫困地区农村儿童早期发展和学前教育的质量. 相似文献
11.
入学准备是学龄前儿童为了能够从即将开始的正规学校教育中受益所需要具备的各种关键特征或基础条件。自闭症儿童的社交互动障碍与行为问题使其容易受到入学准备不足的影响,对参与融合教育造成困难。目前国外通过课程和量表两种方式评估自闭症儿童入学阶段的优弱势,基于学校和家庭方面开发了多种早期干预项目,为我国开展自闭症儿童入学准备关键影响因素、评估工具研究、探索入学准备的早期干预提供了借鉴。 相似文献
12.
刘彤 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2002,4(6):65-70
从南北战争到二战结束，是美国幼儿教育的奠基时期，欧洲幼儿园和保育学校先后传入美国，并在美国迅速普及起来，形成了颇具规模的幼儿教育体系，近代美国幼儿教育体制的建立及其成功发展，为我国幼儿教育的发展与改革提供了借鉴。 相似文献
13.
Christopher P. Brown 《Early education and development》2013,24(4):554-573
Research Findings: Policymakers preschool reforms that are to prepare young children for school success have sparked important conversations within the field of early childhood education over how these programs are to ready young children for school. This article presents findings from a case study that examined this issue of school readiness across a collection of pre-k programs. Doing so illustrates how preschool reforms can impact early childhood stakeholders' understanding of school readiness, what it is they do with their students in their programs, and why. Practice or Policy: These findings demonstrate how policymakers' pre-k reforms can tighten the link between preschool and elementary school in a way that prioritizes the goals of K-12 education systems. They also suggest that for those who want to expand the construct of school readiness they should do so in a way that addresses and recognizes the challenges pre-k stakeholders in local contexts face on a day-to-day basis. For policymakers, there appears to be an opportunity and willingness within the ECE community for preschool reform. They should take advantage of this willingness for change by considering policy solutions that value the complexity of the child and of the field of early education itself. 相似文献
14.
《Early education and development》2013,24(3):317-340
A developmental ecological model was used to identify child attributes, father characteristics, and familial factors associated with multidimensional father involvement with preschool children enrolled in Head Start. The relations between father involvement and children's school readiness were also investigated. Eighty-five African American fathers and father figures were surveyed about their involvement in child care, home-based educational and school-based educational activities. Children's school readiness competencies were evaluated via teacher report or direct assessment. Father involvement in child care and home-based educational activities were predicted by different contextual factors and child attributes. Fathers were more involved in child care activities when they lived in a child's home and when a child was highly emotional. Fathers who perceived the existence of a strong parenting alliance reported more involvement in home-based educational activities. Father involvement in child care and home-based educational activities was associated with higher levels of children's emotion regulation. Findings are consistent with a contextual, multidimensional perspective of African American fathering and hold policy implications for fatherhood initiatives in the early childhood education field. Efforts to increase father involvement may be most effective when addressing the multitude of influences on fathering behavior and focusing on father-child activities that occur outside of the preschool setting. 相似文献
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At-risk families’ control style (autonomy support and coercive control) was examined in relation to children's school readiness; children's social skills and mastery motivation were hypothesized mediating variables. In two different, low-income samples from diverse ethnic backgrounds, one preschool sample recruited from Head Start (N = 199) and a school transition sample composed of children entering elementary school (N = 344), parental control styles were related to children's academic readiness modestly but significantly in the preschool sample and weakly in the school transition sample. Children's social skills and mastery motivation skills (persistence and goal orientation) were significantly related to the academic measures of school readiness, and fully mediated the association between parents’ use of coercive behavioral control and academic readiness. Such mediation could not be tested for parental support of children's autonomy. The results indicate that a developmental cascade exists between parental control strategies and academic indices of school readiness, emphasizing the importance of family context models of school readiness. Furthermore, strong correlations between the domains of school readiness were found in both samples, reinforcing calls for a multidimensional approach to supporting school readiness in early childhood education programs. 相似文献
16.
Although preschool has been shown to improve children's school readiness in many developing countries, preschool attendance in poor rural areas of China is still low. The high cost of preschool is often regarded as a major barrier to attendance. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of a one-year voucher/CCT intervention on preschool attendance and school readiness. To do so, we conducted a randomized controlled trial among 150 young children in a poor, rural county in China. Our analysis shows that the intervention, consisting of a tuition waiver and a cash transfer conditional on attendance, raised attendance by 20 percentage points (or by 35%). However, the intervention did not have measurable impact on children's school readiness. We believe that poor quality of preschool education in rural China (in terms of both teaching and facilities) contributes to our findings. 相似文献
17.
《Early education and development》2013,24(2):139-164
Consistent evidence that the effect of preschool intervention on cognitive achievement fades with the passage of time has resulted in a search for mediators of preschool. This study investigated factors that play a role in mediating the effects of a government funded Child–Parent Center preschool program. The school adjustment of 266 low-income, mostly Black preschool children and of 125 comparison group children were matched on neighborhood characteristics and were traced from kindergarten through the third year of school (1986–1989). Data were collected from children, parents, and teachers on entering kindergarten cognitive readiness, teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, parental involvement at home and in school, grade retention, assignment to special education, school mobility and cognitive achievement in reading and mathematics. Results of a latent-factor structural model indicated that preschool influenced later achievement and retention indirectly rather than directly. Four major pathways through which preschool exerted its effect included (1) cognitive readiness, (2) cognitive readiness and teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, (3) teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, and (4) parent involvement and school mobility. Cognitive readiness, teacher ratings, and parent involvement also transmitted effects to grade retention. That preschool's influence on later outcomes is largely indirect indicates its dependency on intervening factors in exerting effects. These intervening factors appear to be critical in promoting school success of children at risk. 相似文献
18.
Arthur J. Reynolds 《Early education and development》1992,3(2):139-164
Consistent evidence that the effect of preschool intervention on cognitive achievement fades with the passage of time has resulted in a search for mediators of preschool. This study investigated factors that play a role in mediating the effects of a government funded Child-Parent Center preschool program. The school adjustment of 266 low-income, mostly Black preschool children and of 125 comparison group children were matched on neighborhood characteristics and were traced from kindergarten through the third year of school (1986-1989). Data were collected from children, parents, and teachers on entering kindergarten cognitive readiness, teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, parental involvement at home and in school, grade retention, assignment to special education, school mobility and cognitive achievement in reading and mathematics. Results of a latent-factor structural model indicated that preschool influenced later achievement and retention indirectly rather than directly. Four major pathways through which preschool exerted its effect included (1) cognitive readiness, (2) cognitive readiness and teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, (3) teacher ratings of socioemotional maturity, and (4) parent involvement and school mobility. Cognitive readiness, teacher ratings, and parent involvement also transmitted effects to grade retention. That preschool's influence on later outcomes is largely indirect indicates its dependency on intervening factors in exerting effects. These intervening factors appear to be critical in promoting school success of children at risk. 相似文献