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Stephen PINFIELD 《Learned Publishing》2010,23(1):39-52
An increasing number of research funders are introducing open access (OA) policies. At the same time, publishers are introducing OA publication options. Research institutions need to consider how to respond to these developments, including the possible introduction of institutionally co‐ordinated funds for payment of OA publication charges. This paper describes the international background to the issue of institutional OA funds and summarizes the current UK situation, presenting recently gathered data from UK institutions. It then reports on work carried out by the University of Nottingham to introduce and manage an institutional OA fund. Early usage data of the Nottingham fund are presented. The paper outlines lessons learned from the Nottingham experience, then goes on to suggest a number of ways in which institutions and other agencies can take developments forward. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]通过对国外机构知识库存缴机制与政策的调查分析,希望为我国机构知识库在内容存缴机制和政策保障方面提供借鉴。[方法/过程]首先,从存缴内容、存缴方式及流程、组织保障3方面对国外机构知识库的存缴机制进行研究,其次,从资助机构和科研机构存缴政策两方面对国外机构知识库存缴政策进行详细的分析。[结果/结论]通过对国外机构知识库存缴机制与政策的分析,发现国外机构知识库存缴内容和来源多种多样,中介存缴、OAI-PMH开放获取收割方式是必然趋势;在存缴政策方面,资助机构和科研机构实施的强制性存缴政策对资源的存缴起着决定性作用,尤其是在国家不同层面制定政策来促进资源的存缴;在科研机构层面政策的制定上,辅助以激励政策,与科研管理系统相关联进行科研评价也是促进资源存缴与开放的一种新的政策模式。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 随着国际组织、国家和科研及基金资助机构对开放获取（OA）运动的支持力度进一步加强,开放获取政策不仅在数量上不断增加,其强制力度也在加深,促进了全球科研交流的发展。总结梳理强制性且带有激励措施的OA政策的实践进展,可为我国相关政策主体制定与改进相应的OA政策提供借鉴和参考。[方法/过程] 首先通过文献调研及网站调研强制性且带有激励措施的OA政策的制定现状,分别概括基金资助机构与科研机构的此类政策所包含的激励措施的特点;其次,以科研机构为例,利用机构WOS论文在机构指定的存储库中的存储情况来反映机构OA政策的执行效果,对比分析此类政策与未制定激励措施的强制性OA政策、鼓励性OA政策实施效果的差异。[结果/结论] 目前制定强制性且带有激励措施的OA政策的机构较少,基金资助机构主要采取削减项目资助资金或取消受资助者再次申请基金资格的惩罚性措施来督促科研人员遵守其OA政策,科研机构则将科研人员遵守OA政策的情况与其绩效评估相挂钩,借以激励机构成员实现研究产出的开放获取;实证分析发现强制性且带有激励措施的OA政策相比于另外两类OA政策执行力度更强、实施效果更好。 相似文献
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Shannon Kipphut-Smith 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2014,21(3-4):279-294
Academic libraries are often tasked with open access (OA) policy implementation. Many academic libraries have developed robust workflows that utilize custom-built management tools and receive support from a number of library staff. While such workflows certainly streamline the process, their development and management require significant resources. As the number of smaller institutions with OA policies increases, there is a need for solutions that are efficient, flexible, and can be accomplished with minimal resources. Staff at Rice University's Fondren Library developed a simple workflow that populates the institutional repository, freeing up time for OA policy outreach and awareness activities. 相似文献
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The proposal we offer here (and in the more extensive ‘white paper’ proposal on which this article is based) tackles head‐on the open access (OA) business models that have proven particularly problematic for implementation of OA in the humanities and social sciences (HSS). Our proposal suggests all tertiary institutions contribute to systemic support of the research process itself, including its entire scholarly output. A bold rethinking of the economics of OA by way of partnerships among scholarly societies and academic libraries funded by an institutional fee structure based on a student‐and‐faculty per‐capita sliding scale, our plan is nevertheless intentionally incremental. Our proposal focuses first on HSS and primarily in the United States, but just as research and scholarship are increasingly global and collaborative, our plan is not bound by discipline or national borders, but can be adopted by all those looking for a more equitable and sustainable OA model. 相似文献
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文章以科研机构为调查对象,从图书馆对0A资源揭示、学术期刊实施开放获取及自建机构知识库三个不同角度,调查分析了科研机构开放获取实践进展现状。调查结果暴露出我国科研机构信息化建设滞后等问题,提出了解决对策,以尽快提升政府科研经费投入回报率和使用效率,加快科技创新步伐。 相似文献
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Academic libraries should be considered research tools, co‐evolving with technology. The Internet has changed the way science is communicated and hence also the role of libraries. It has made it possible for researchers to provide open access (OA) (i.e. toll‐free, full‐text, online access, web‐wide) to their peer‐reviewed journal articles in two different ways: (i) by publishing in them in OA journals, and (ii) by publishing them in non‐OA journals but also self‐archiving them in their institutional OA archives. Librarians are researchers' best allies in both of these strategies. Examples of these strategies are described. We conclude that an official mandate for OA provision is necessary to accelerate its growth and thereby the growth of research usage and impact worldwide. 相似文献
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分析指出当今开放获取已获得广泛的民意支持,大学、科研机构等学术和管理部门纷纷出台开放获取政策,甚至将其作为国家发展战略;开放获取出版规模也迅速壮大,网络环境下传统商业学术出版面临挑战;开放获取顺应学术交流体系变革的需求,是不可逆转的发展方向。认为学术交流体系的巨变将会给大学图书馆带来革命性影响,大学图书馆应顺应历史潮流,将开放获取提升为事关未来发展的关键议题,在未来开拓全新的服务领域,深度参与校园学术活动,实现图书馆的战略性转变。 相似文献
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The open access (OA) model for journals is compared to the open source principle for computer software. Since the early 1990s nearly 1,000 OA scientific journals have emerged – mostly as voluntary community efforts, although recently some professionally operating publishers have used author charges or institutional membership. This study of OA journals without author charges shows that their impact is still relatively small, but awareness of it is increasing. The average number of research articles per year is lower than for major scientific journals but the publication times are shorter. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2020,46(2):102105
This bibliometric study quantified the impact of different open access (OA) implementations on the number and subject diversity of citations to articles. The study compared two partial OA journals and found that green (institutional repository) OA articles received up to 106% more citations on average than gold (publisher provided) OA or non-OA articles. OA articles received up to 36% more diverse (interdisciplinary) citations than non-OA articles. This result could inform libraries in their decisions regarding OA, specifically the continued importance of institutional repositories. The results will also assist librarians in educating faculty on the benefits of OA. 相似文献
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Renee L. Cowan 《Communication Studies》2013,64(3):307-327
Although human resource (HR) professionals have extensive involvement in workplace bullying situations, research is not reflective of their perspective. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the use of anti-bullying policy in organizations. Interviews with 36 HR professionals and analysis of 18 organizational policies revealed many HR professionals believed their organizations had policies that addressed bullying, but the policies did not use the term “bullying.” Others did not believe their organizations had policies that could address bullying or did not know if their organization had a policy. What the HR professionals felt the policies communicated and what the policies actually detailed proved to be divergent. Implications of these findings, limitations, and future research are discussed. 相似文献
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美国国会及基金资助机构、一些大学都制定政策支持开放存取出版。麻省理工学院图书馆开展的开放存取出版服务主要有:建立机构知识库、管理开放存取文章出版补助基金、支持多渠道开放存取出版、指导开放存取出版等;其服务人员配置合理,并将Libguides应用到开放存取出版服务。借鉴于此,我国高校图书馆应提高对开放存取出版服务的重视程度,为开放存取出版创造条件,积极倡导开放存取出版学术成果,开展学术研究相关的版权服务以完善服务体系。 相似文献
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Kirsty Bower Nick Sheppard Jennifer Bayjoo Adele Pease 《New Review of Academic Librarianship》2017,23(2-3):233-244
ABSTRACTThis practical article presents findings of a small scale study undertaken at a large U.K. University. The purpose of the study was to encourage academic engagement with Open Access (OA) and the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) mandate with the measurable impact being increased engagement with the Repository and dissemination of research while circulating information to the wider community. In order to promote research, a series of “Focus on” webpages were created aligned to a particular theme and were then disseminated via social media. It was anticipated that by potentially increasing access to research outputs, academic staff would be motivated to make their work available following OA models and use the institutional repository (IR) as a means to achieve this. The main drivers for the study were the Finch Report, the HEFCE Policy for open access in the post-2014 Research Excellence Framework and the institutional strategy for research. Data was collected through a statistical analysis of both the “Focus on” pages and journal article downloads via the IR, with results indicating increased engagement with the IR making research openly accessible. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]通过解析国际组织科学数据开放共享政策所定义的不同利益相关者的责任与作用来为完善我国《科学数据管理办法》和实施科学数据开放共享提供参考。[方法/过程]基于网络调查和文本分析，论述国际组织科学数据开放共享政策所定义的不同利益相关者在科学数据开放共享中的责任与作用。[结果/结论]国际组织科学数据开放共享政策定义了包括政府、研究人员、研究机构、研究资助机构、图书馆或档案馆、数据中心、出版商、专业协会或学会、用户、企业等在内的众多利益相关者及其在科学数据开放共享活动中所具有的不同的责任与作用。我国应该借鉴这些经验制定国内科学数据开放共享政策，进一步提升科学数据开放共享水平。 相似文献
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Education and research are the cornerstones of Africa's socioeconomic and political development. Yet several barriers stand in the way of Africa's education and research institutions in realizing their full potential. This paper examines copyright as a barrier in the access and use of electronic resources in Africa's education and research contexts. This paper addresses this policy question by examining the extent to which the draft policy on research and intellectual property rights management of Makerere University advances access to resources and the open sharing of knowledge. Based on the critical analysis of Makerere's policy, this paper notes that openness should trump other institutional interests in the copyright system. The position taken in the paper is that institutional policies should advance open sharing of information and knowledge (internal or external to the institution). Short-term legal remedies are proposed based on various Creative Commons' licenses that are designed to advance openness within existing national copyright statutes. Long-term remedies suggested involve reforming national and international laws and instruments to advance openness including protecting existing provisions for education and research. Protection of education and research activities can be attained by not simply availing the existing exceptions and limitations but also precluding statutory exceptions and limitations from being overridden by contractual licenses. The proposed short and long-term remedies are expected to be addressed by institutional policies to facilitate in the access and use of e-resources (and other research and educational resources). 相似文献
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Dick Kawooya 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(4):226-235
Education and research are the cornerstones of Africa's socioeconomic and political development. Yet several barriers stand in the way of Africa's education and research institutions in realizing their full potential. This paper examines copyright as a barrier in the access and use of electronic resources in Africa's education and research contexts. This paper addresses this policy question by examining the extent to which the draft policy on research and intellectual property rights management of Makerere University advances access to resources and the open sharing of knowledge. Based on the critical analysis of Makerere's policy, this paper notes that openness should trump other institutional interests in the copyright system. The position taken in the paper is that institutional policies should advance open sharing of information and knowledge (internal or external to the institution). Short-term legal remedies are proposed based on various Creative Commons' licenses that are designed to advance openness within existing national copyright statutes. Long-term remedies suggested involve reforming national and international laws and instruments to advance openness including protecting existing provisions for education and research. Protection of education and research activities can be attained by not simply availing the existing exceptions and limitations but also precluding statutory exceptions and limitations from being overridden by contractual licenses. The proposed short and long-term remedies are expected to be addressed by institutional policies to facilitate in the access and use of e-resources (and other research and educational resources). 相似文献