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1.
Abstract

The adenosine monophosphate deaminase (AMPD1) gene seems to be an important regulator of skeletal muscle energy metabolism during exercise. A nonsense C34T mutation in the AMPD1 gene results in a premature stop codon, thus stopping protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the AMPD1 C34T mutation frequency distribution among 155 Israeli athletes (endurance athletes, n=74; sprinters, n=81) and 142 healthy controls. Genotyping of the AMPD1 C34T (rs5810761) mutation was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that the genotype subtype did not differ by gender in the athletes (P=0.18) or the controls (P=0.79). The AMPD1 C34T genotype distribution was in line with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium within all groups (P>0.05). The genotype distribution and allele frequencies were similar in the groups of endurance athletes, sprinters, and controls (P=0.455). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the subgroups of elite endurance athletes and national endurance athletes (P=0.78), or between elite and national sprinters (P=0.46). In conclusion, the AMPD1 C34T mutation is not associated with endurance athletes’ status, at least in the present group of Israeli athletes. This suggests that elite athletic status can be achieved despite a partial deficiency in AMPD1, as marked by the AMPD1 CT genotype.  相似文献   

2.
目的:选取ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点进行解析,筛选中国举重运动员选材用分子标记.方法:提取94名中国北方汉族优秀举重运动员全血DNA,应用PCR-RFLP方法解析C1747T多态位点,通过X2检验与206名普通对照组进行分析.结果:94名中国北方汉族优秀举重运动员的C1747T多态位点的基因型分布经f检验符合H-W平衡(X2=2.04;df=2;P0. 05).优秀举重运动员组与普通时照组ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的基因型分布具有显著性差异(P=0.031,P<0.05),等位基因分布也具有显著性差异(P=0.022,P<0. 05),与普通对照组(CC基因型:31%;C等位基因:56%)相比,举重运动员组CC基因型(47%)以及C等位基因(66%)的出现频率较高.结论:我国北方汉族人群ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的CC基因型和C等位基因与优秀的力量素质显著相关.可以将ACTN3基因C1747T多态位点的CC基因型作为中国北方汉族举重运动员的选材用分子标记.  相似文献   

3.
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4.
目的：研究我国优秀冬季项目运动员ACE基因I/D多态分布及其与优秀耐力能力的关联性。方法：应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱技术测定120名我国北方汉族健康大学生及50名我国优秀冬季项目运动员ACE基因I/D位点的基因型和等位基因的频率分布。结果：对照组等位基因频率为I=59%,D=41%,基因型频率为I/I=36%,I/D=46%,D/D=18%;冬季项目运动员等位基因频率为I=58%,D=42%,基因型频率为I/I=34%,I/D=48%,D/D=18%;其中25名耐力项目运动员等位基因频率为I=64%,D=36%,基因型频率为I/I=39%,I/D=48%,D/D=12%,符合H-W平衡,对照组与运动员组的基因型频率和等位基因频率无显著性别差异,基因型频率和等位基因频率在对照组与耐力运动员组间也无显著差异。结论：我国耐力型冬季项目运动员的优秀耐力素质与ACE基因I/D多态性无关,该位点不能作为其耐力素质选材的遗传学标记。  相似文献   

5.
Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to test for a possible association between the PPARA intron 1 A/C polymorphism (rs135539) and the attainment of elite athlete status. In total, 155 Israeli athletes (119 males, 36 females) and 240 healthy controls (170 males, 70 females) participated in the study. The group of athletes consisted of endurance athletes (n=74) and sprinters (n=81). Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP on DNA from leucocytes. Results showed that genotype distribution and allele frequencies were similar (P=0.65 for genotypes and P=0.48 for allele frequency) for the endurance athletes (allele frequency A/C 0.7/0.3), sprinters (allele frequency A/C 0.66/0.34), and controls (allele frequency A/C 0.71/0.29). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between the sub-groups of elite endurance athletes (those who had represented Israel in world track-and-field championships or in the Olympic Games) and national-level endurance athletes (P=0.44 for genotypes and P=0.96 for allele frequency), or between elite and national-level sprinters (P=0.57 for genotypes and P=0.40 for allele frequency). In conclusion, we observed no differences in genotype distribution or allele frequencies across PPARA intron 1 A/C polymorphism between endurance athletes, sprinters, and controls. Further research is needed in other ethnic groups to verify these results.  相似文献   

6.
目的：研究黑龙江汉族速滑运动员优秀耐力能力与肌型肌酸激酶基因（CKMM）A/G多态的关联性。方法：应用PCR-RFLP法测定120名黑龙江籍汉族健康大学生及25名黑龙江汉族耐力型速滑运动员CKMM基因A/G位点的基因型和等位基因的频率分布。结果：大学生等位基因频率为A=87%,G=13%,基因型频率为A/A=76%,A/G=22%,G/G=2%;速滑运动员等位基因频率为A=84%,G=16%,基因型频率为A/A=68%,A/G=32%,经卡方检验符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律,两组的基因型频率和等位基因频率在男女间无显著性差异,与欧美人群相比有显著性差异,与我国北方汉族人及韩国人相比差异不具有显著性。两组间基因型频率和等位基因频率无显著性差异。结论：黑龙江汉族耐力型速滑运动员的优秀耐力素质与CKMM基因N coⅠ多态性无关,该位点不能作为其耐力素质选材的遗传学标记。  相似文献   

7.
Aim: Recent meta-analyses of the literature confirmed the association between the RR+RX genotype of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and elite sprint/power athletic status in Europeans but not in Asians and Africans, while the association between the R577X genotype and elite endurance athlete status is less convincing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and elite athlete status in a large Asian (Japanese) cohort of track and field athletes. Methods: One-thousand fifty-seven Japanese track and field athletes (627 sprint/power athletes and 430 endurance athletes) and 810 Japanese controls were genotyped for the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) by using the TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay. Results: Elite sprint/power athletes had a higher frequency of the RR+RX genotype than the controls (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.16–2.18; P?=?.003). A significant linear correlation was found between the RR?+?RX genotype and athlete status (i.e. regional?P?=?.001 for trend) and long-distance runners (regional: 65%, national: 72%, international: 82%; P?=?.030 for trend). Conclusions: The data obtained for this large Asian (Japanese) cohort of track and field athletes served to confirm the association between the RR?+?RX genotype of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and elite sprint/power athlete status and also the association between the ACTN3 RR?+?RX genotype and long-distance running athletic status.  相似文献   

8.
为探讨ACE基因I/D多态性与人类有氧运动能力的关联关系并寻找相关的分子遗传标记,应用PCR-AFLP(扩增片段长度多态性)方法检测优秀耐力运动员与普通人群ACE基因型.结果显示,I等位基因频率运动员组明显增高,有显著性差异(P<0.05),且不同基因型间各性状存在差别,提示ACE I/D 多态性很可能与人体的运动能力及其对运动训练的敏感度相关联.  相似文献   

9.
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10.
冯爱民 《湖北体育科技》2014,(12):1067-1070
目的:确定青少年足球运动员左室肥厚的生理极限值,预防运动员运动性猝死的发生风险。方法:采用超声心动仪检测60名优秀青少年足球运动员和60名年龄、性别类似的健康对照者及40名其他项目运动员的左心室厚度。结果:与对照组相比,青少年足球运动员的左心室壁厚度(LVWT)较大,为9.5±1.7mm,对照组为8.4±1.4mm。其中5名运动员(8.3%)的最大LVWT超过了预测值的上限;只有1名男运动员的绝对LVWT值大于12mm(1.7%)。5名运动员的LVWT超过了预测限度,提示左心腔扩大(54.4±2.1mm;范围为52~60mm)。而女运动员LVWT值均小于11 mm。结论:与非运动员相比,有训练的青少年足球运动员的LVWT值更大。只有一小部分运动员的LVWT超过了上限,但少有大于12mm,而腔室一般都有扩大现象。提示,当有训练的青少年足球运动员男子LVWT>12mm,女子>11mm,极有可能属于肥厚性心肌病。  相似文献   

11.
探讨中国越野滑雪运动员运动能力与CNTF基因多态性的关联性,为越野滑雪运动员的基因选材提供前期探讨性的理论依据与基础数据。方法：采用PCR—RFLP方法测定30名越野滑雪运动员与30名普通大学生的基因的多态性。结果：对照组等位基因频率为A=10．17％,G=88．13％,基因型频率为A／A=0％,A／G=20．69％,G／G=79．31％,越野滑雪运动员等位基因频率为A=20％,G=80％,基因型频率为A／A=6．67％,A／G=26．67％,G／G=66．67％。经卡方检验不符合Hardy—Weinberg遗传平衡定律,且CNTF基因型分布和等位基因与对照组的基因型频率和等位基因频率无统计学意义（P〉0．05）结论：CNTF基因的多态性与中国黑龙江省越野滑运动员运动能力无相关性。  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphism is the most studied genetic marker in the field of human performance. There is a continuing debate in the literature regarding the possible association of ACE genotypes and elite athletic status. In fact, despite recent studies having identified no significant associations in athletes from mixed sporting disciplines, other researchers suggest that the insertion (I) variant may be associated with elite endurance performance, and the deletion (D) variant can be over-represented among elite sprinters. The purpose of the present study was to determine, for the first time, the association between the ACE genotypes and sprint athlete status among elite Italian gymnasts. To test this hypothesis, we assessed 33 elite Italian gymnasts (17 males, 16 females) and a control group of 53 (31 males, 22 females) unrelated sedentary individuals. DNA was extracted from each participant using a buccal swab and the ACE I/D polymorphism was determined using PCR while different amplified fragments were detected by electrophoresis using agarose gel and ethidium bromide staining. The ACE genotypes and allele frequencies among gymnasts (DD, ID, II=0.39, 0.48, 0.12, respectively; D allele=0.64) were not significantly different from those of Italian sedentary controls (DD, ID, II=0.39, 0.45, 0.15, respectively; D allele=0.62). However, the frequencies of our control group were similar to those observed in a sample of Italian sedentary individuals, and different to those of the general Caucasian population reported by other authors. Furthermore, the frequencies of our control group did not differ from those reported in other association studies involving elite sprint athletes. Our results suggest a lack of association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and elite gymnastics performance in Italians.  相似文献   

13.
采用PCR和breath by breath方法,对上海汉族55名优秀游泳运动员、60名优秀赛艇运动员和85名汉族普通人的ACE基因I/D多态性和V。O2max进行检测。结果显示1)上海汉族优秀游泳和赛艇运动员ACE基因的基因型和等位基因频率与上海和成都地区汉族普通人组无明显差异(P>0.05);与Caucasian人群相比,均存在非常显著性差异(P<0.0001),表现出明显的民族和地区的差异性;游泳和赛艇项目健将和一级运动员间的基因型和等位基因频率分布,存在明显差异(P<0.05);游泳运动员水平越高,II型所占比例就越高,赛艇运动员中水平越高,ID型的比例越大;2)不同基因型的游泳运动员的O2max、O2max/kg、CO2max、Emax、O2-plusemax、Wmax和Tmax等指标,均表现为II型>DD型>ID型,II型明显优于ID型(P<0.05~0.01),而赛艇运动员则表现为ID型>II型>DD型,ID明显优于DD型(P<0.05~0.01)。结果提示,游泳项目中具有II基因型或I等位基因的运动员,赛艇项目中具有ID基因型或I等位基因的运动员,可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体,经过多年系统科学的训练,具有成为优秀运动员的可能。ACE基因I/D多态性可作为运动训练和选材中高敏感的、非常重要的遗传标记之一。  相似文献   

14.
高炳宏  陈佩杰  董强刚  杨震 《体育科学》2006,26(2):42-47,54
采用PCR和breath by breath方法，对上海汉族55名优秀游泳运动员、60名优秀赛艇运动员和85名汉族普通人的ACE基因I／D多态性和VO2max进行检测。结果显示：1）上海汉族优秀游泳和赛艇运动员ACE基因的基因型和等位基因频率与上海和成都地区汉族普通人组无明显差异（P〉0．05）；与Caucasian人群相比，均存在非常显著性差异（P〈0．0001），表现出明显的民族和地区的差异性；游泳和赛艇项目健将和一级运动员间的基因型和等位基因频率分布，存在明显差异（P〈0．05）；游泳运动员水平越高，Ⅱ型所占比例就越高，赛艇运动员中水平越高，ID型的比例越大；2）不同基因型的游泳运动员的VO2max、VO2max／kg、VCO2max、VEmax、O2-plusemax、Wmax和Tmax等指标，均表现为Ⅱ型〉DD型〉ID型，Ⅱ型明显优于ID型（P〈0．05～0．01），而赛艇运动员则表现为ID型〉Ⅱ型〉DD型，ID明显优于DD型（P〈0．05～0．01）。结果提示，游泳项目中具有Ⅱ基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的运动员，赛艇项目中具有ID基因型或Ⅰ等位基因的运动员，可能属于运动训练敏感的高反应群体，经过多年系统科学的训练，具有成为优秀运动员的可能。ACE基因I／D多态性可作为运动训练和选材中高敏感的、非常重要的遗传标记之一。  相似文献   

15.
王静  黄勇  王国谱 《体育科研》2009,30(3):79-82
以参加全国运动会武术比赛的195名优秀运动员为调查对象，采用SCL-90问卷调查，发现优秀武术运动员各项因子分值大于3的仅占2％～9%；9个因子得分优秀男运动员低于优秀女运动员（P〈0．05）；C组（普通高校武术特长生）和B组（体工队退役队员）运动员对文化知识的迫切度高于A组（体工队现役队员）武术运动员。优秀武术运动员心理健康状况良好；运动员的心理健康状况与性别、文化层次有关，建议在训练中根据运动员性别进行心理调整，并不断提高运动员的文化水平，以创造优异的运动成绩。  相似文献   

16.
The objective was to investigate the relationship between IL-1B rs16944, IL-6 rs1800795, and CASP8 rs3834129 genetic polymorphisms and concussion severity. Rugby players from high school, senior amateur, and professional teams completed a concussion severity questionnaire and donated a DNA sample. Participants (n = 163) were split into symptom severity groups around the median number and duration of symptoms. The frequency of participants with high symptom counts (more than five symptoms) increased across the IL-1B (C/C: 35%; C/T: 51%; T/T: 56%; P = 0.047) and the IL-6 (C/C: 31%; C/G: 44%; G/G: 58%; P = 0.027) genotypes. The C–C inferred interleukin allele construct frequency, created from combining the IL-1B and IL-6 genotype data, was lower in participants reporting a high symptom count (18%), compared to those with a low symptom count (fewer than six symptoms, 36%, P = 0.002). Similarly, the C–C inferred interleukin allele construct frequency was lower in those reporting prolonged symptom duration (more than one week, 16%), as opposed to short symptom duration (less than one week, 34%, P = 0.015). This study provides evidence of novel inflammatory pathway genetic associations with concussion severity, which supports the hypothesis implicating neuroinflammation in the development of concussion symptoms.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the rate and type of injury in elite Canadian Taekwondo athletes, before and during competition and to investigate the relationship between past injuries, injuries during competition and success. This retrospective case-series study incorporated Taekwondo injuries sustained by 75 male and female elite Canadian Taekwondo athletes over 10 years and its relationship to athletes' success by means of gaining medals during competition. A logistic regression model (using the Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) method) was used to investigate the relationship between injuries and success. Injury rate was associated with performance after holding variables constant (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.124, P = 0.039). Moreover, with each additional injury per match, competitors were 88% (1-0.124) less likely to win a medal. Although not statistically significant, additional injuries prior to competition were associated with a 30% increase in medal prevalence (OR = 1.299, P = 0.203). When comparing athletes (gender, tournament difficulty, injury variables), a competitor who is one year older is 10% less likely to medal (OR = 0.897, P = 0.068). When an additional injury occurred during competition, the athlete was 88% less likely to win a medal. Prevention, correct diagnosis, and immediate therapeutic intervention by qualified health care providers are important.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) provides an affordable and practical assessment of fat-free mass (FFM). However, little information is available on the assessment of changes in fat-free mass in top-level athletes using BIS. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of BIS in tracking changes in fat-free mass of elite male judo athletes from a period of weight stability to just before competition, using the four-compartment model (4C model) as reference method. In total, 27 elite male judo athletes (age 22.2?±?2.8 years) were evaluated. Measures of body volume assessed by air displacement plethysmography, bone mineral content by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and total-body water assessed with deuterium dilution were used in a 4C model. Fat-free mass was also assessed by BIS (FFM(BIS)). Changes in FFM(BIS) were not significantly different from measured by the reference method (P?=?0.000). Furthermore, the r (2) was 0.62 and the standard error of the estimate was 1.03 kg. The limits of agreement ranged from -3.36 to 2.59 kg with no bias observed. These findings demonstrate the viability of BIS as a valid tool for tracking fat-free mass in elite male judo athletes. However, based on the wide limits of agreement observed, BIS is less valid at an individual level for tracking fat-free mass in these athletes.  相似文献   

19.
In this study,we investigated resting left ventricular dimensions and function in trained female rowers, canoeists and cyclists. In male populations, such athletes have demonstrated the largest left ventricular wall thicknesses and cavity dimensions. Echocardiograms were analysed from 24 athletes (rowers and canoeists, n=12; cyclists, n=12) and 21 age-matched controls to measure left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and volume, and septal (ST) and posterior wall (PWT) thicknesses. Left ventricular mass was calculated from M-mode data. Systolic and diastolic function were calculated from M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Height, body mass, body surface area and fat-free mass were determined anthropometrically. The athletes were well matched with the controls for all anthropometric variables except fat-free mass (rowers and canoeists 49.7 3.6 kg, cyclists 48.0?+\- 3.8 kg, controls 45.0?+\- 5.4 kg; P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, mass and volume, and septal and posterior wall thicknesses, were all significantly greater in the athletes than the controls (P < 0.05). These differences persisted (except for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) even after allometric adjustment for group differences in fat-free mass. Stroke volume was larger (rowers and canoeists 102?+\- 13 ml, cyclists 103?+\0 16 ml, controls 80?+\- 15 ml; P < 0.05) in both groups of athletes but all other functional data were similar between groups. As in male athletes, female rowers, canoeists and cyclists displayed significantly larger left ventricular cavity dimensions and wall thicknesses than controls.  相似文献   

20.
In this study, we investigated resting left ventricular dimensions and function in trained female rowers, canoeists and cyclists. In male populations, such athletes have demonstrated the largest left ventricular wall thicknesses and cavity dimensions. Echocardiograms were analysed from 24 athletes (rowers and canoeists, n = 12; cyclists, n = 12) and 21 age-matched controls to measure left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and volume, and septal (ST) and posterior wall (PWT) thicknesses. Left ventricular mass was calculated from M-mode data. Systolic and diastolic function were calculated from M-mode and Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Height, body mass, body surface area and fat-free mass were determined anthropometrically. The athletes were well matched with the controls for all anthropometric variables except fat-free mass (rowers and canoeists 49.7+/-3.6 kg, cyclists 48.0+/-3.8 kg, controls 45.0+/-5.4 kg; P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, mass and volume, and septal and posterior wall thicknesses, were all significantly greater in the athletes than the controls (P < 0.05). These differences persisted (except for left ventricular end-diastolic dimension) even after allometric adjustment for group differences in fat-free mass. Stroke volume was larger (rowers and canoeists 102+/-13 ml, cyclists 103+/-16 ml, controls 80+/-15 ml; P < 0.05) in both groups of athletes but all other functional data were similar between groups. As in male athletes, female rowers, canoeists and cyclists displayed significantly larger left ventricular cavity dimensions and wall thicknesses than controls.  相似文献   

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