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通过在高校健美课中进行运动处方教学的应用研究,探讨健美运动处方教学对大学生健身意识和课外锻炼的影响j研究结果表明:运动处方教学对大学生科学健身意识的形成有重要的影响作用;运动处方教学能有效提高大学生自我锻炼能力,更好地指导学生进行课外锻炼,对大学生体育锻炼习惯的形成具有积极的影响作用。 相似文献
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体育与健康课程中运动处方教学方式对中学生体质影响的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用实验研究法,在体育与健康课程中,采用运动处方教学方式,对中学生进行健康干预教育,探讨维双向的复合性运动处方在我国基础教育体育课程中的实施形式和方法,及其对改善中学生身心健康的作用机制和影响维度。结果表明,在课内外体育活动中,应用体育与健康运动处方,不但能够有效提高学生参加运动的系统性和科学性,而且具有较好的锻炼效果,有利于学生学习和掌握健康身心的自我锻炼技能。 相似文献
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文章对健身锻炼60名女性实施不同的运动处方,探讨健美操、踏板操、体育舞蹈运动对女性体质的影响,并进行比较研究。结果表明:踏板操对女性身体形态、机能和素质都有良好的影响,因而踏板操是最适合女性健身锻炼的运动方式,健美操对增强体质的作用不如踏板操,体育舞蹈的影响较小。 相似文献
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为探讨运动处方锻炼对中考前学生应对方式的影响,采用实验比较的方法,在中考前学生的体育课和课外体育活动中实施运动处方的实验,运用中学生应对方式量表进行问卷调查。经过运动处方锻炼,积极性应对水平提高,消极性应对水平降低;女生比男生明显。 相似文献
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郑红波 《沈阳体育学院学报》2009,28(5):113-115,128
运用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等研究方法,对辽宁省硕士研究生的体质健康进行运动处方干预研究,旨在丰富运动处方的干预理论,为学生体质健康研究提供理论参考。结果显示:运用运动处方干预后,学生的身体机能、身体素质、身体形态等指标均有显著提高;通过对实验前后锻炼态度、自测健康量表各维度比较,认为运动处方的实施有利于学生获得积极的情绪体验,掌握科学的锻炼方法,增加社会交往,缓解心理压力,克服自卑心理,促进生理、心理和社会健康的和谐发展。 相似文献
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运动锻炼、人格特征与中学生心理健康的关系研究 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17
采用集体问卷测试,分析了运动锻炼及其相关因素对中学生的人格特征与心理健康水平的影响。结果表明,中学生的运动素质和能力知觉与个性特征和心理健康水平呈显著性相关,运动锻炼的水平与中学生的人格和心理健康水平也存在显著性关系。中学生运动锻炼的兴趣水平和努力程度对心理健康发展有重要影响,个性人格特征影响锻炼的兴趣,而努力方式受性格的制约,心理健康与运动锻炼存在着显著的互动关系。 相似文献
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健身运动处方对老年人心血管功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨运动处方对老年人心血管功能的影响,本研究对11名老年人太极拳锻炼前后定量负荷下的血流动力流变学参数进行了测试,并在同等条件下与12名普通老年人进行了比较分析,发现在心功能、血管功能、血流本身状况和微循环诸方面均有不同差异,显示出运动处方对老年人心血管功能的良好保健作用。 相似文献
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健身运动处方锻炼影响大学生身心健康发展的实验研究 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
研究目的:探讨大学生实施健身运动处方锻炼对其身心健康发展的影响,研究方法:专家调查法、文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、测量法、主要结果和结论:(1)健身运动处方锻炼符合大学生的身心发展特点,理论与实践设计科学,合理,受学生欢迎,是一种有效的体育锻炼方法,可加以推广;(2)经过健身运动处方锻炼,大学生的身体素质明显增强,表明其改善学生的身体素质有良好的效果;(3)经过健身运动处方锻炼,大学生的情绪感受体、身体自尊均出现显著性变化,表明大学生身体自尊、良好情绪体验得到提高,心理素质得到加强,有助于学生心理健康的发展和良好个性的培养。 相似文献
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有氧健身操运动处方对中年女科教人员体质的影响 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17
采用自制有氧健身操运动处方,指导20位中年女科教人员进行8周锻炼,并测定比较了其锻炼前后体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、安静时心率和血压及中国成人体质测定规定的8项指标。结果表明,除握力外.受试者锻炼后上述各指标都得到了不同程度的提高。研究制定的有氧健身操运动处方对增强中年女科教人员的体质有良好的影响。为使该运动处方能更有效地降低血压、增强肺通气功能和握力,锻炼的时间应延长(长于8周).并增加上肢力量的练习内容。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果:(1)近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;(2)城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;(3)乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;(4)城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明:定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论,体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关,体育与教育部分重叠,体育与宗教最为近缘,体育可借用科学手段,体育的艺术禀性日益明显,体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献