共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
目的：探讨腹腔镜辅助结直肠癌根治术的麻醉方式选择及处理。方法：选择40例行腹腔镜辅助结直肠癌根治术的患者,采用全身麻醉（A组n=20）或全身麻醉复合硬膜外麻醉（B组n=20）。术中监测MAP、HR、SpO2气道压（Paw）和PETCO2、血糖（GLu）、血浆皮质醇（Cor）,苏醒时间及苏醒质量。结果：两组患者气腹后Paw、PETCO2均升高,A组患者术中MAP、HR、GLu和Cor均明显高于B组（P〈0.05）。B组苏醒时间及苏醒质量优于A组。结论：对于腹腔镜辅助结直肠癌根治术,麻醉方式以选用全身麻醉复合硬膜外麻醉为宜。 相似文献
2.
化疗是晚期胃癌主要的治疗方法之一,如何提高化疗药物疗效及控制药物毒性于最低限度是人们关注的问题。过去大剂量顺铂(DDP)、5-氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)短疗程化疗,能引起较严重不良反应,大多数病人难以耐受。自1998.10～2000.10我院应用小剂量5-Fu、DDP(FP)加CF全身化疗联合腹腔化疗治疗晚期胃癌32例,疗效满意,现报告如下。 相似文献
3.
作者随访334例临床ⅠⅡ期乳癌,结果提示:临床ⅠⅡ期乳癌无论采用传统根治或改良根治术,其5、10年生存率无差别;但单纯改良根治术后5年复发率高于传统根治术;放疗加化疗确能提高手术后(特别是改良根治术后)5年生存率,降低5年内复发率;手术后早期放疗和/或化疗不能改善10年生存率,降低10年复发率。因此,作者认为术后无条件行化疗和放疗的乳癌患者,尽可能行传统乳癌根治术。并强调手术后特别是改良根治术后放疗加化疗的必要性。生存5年以上的患者应定期化疗,局部复发或有远处转移者应结合手术行再放疗以提高10年生存率,降低10年复发率。 相似文献
4.
崔龙 《新课程学习(社会综合)》2014,(8):18-19
结直肠癌包括结肠癌与直肠癌,是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率不断攀升,已位居国内肿瘤发病率的第三位和死亡率的第五位、上海市肿瘤发病率的第二位,上海市每年新增结直肠癌超过1万例。目前,结直肠癌的治疗以手术切除为主,辅以化疗、放疗,我国结直肠癌根治性切除术后的5年生存率约不足50％,低于发达国家水平。究其原因,其一在于早期诊断率低,早期患者根治性切除术后的5年生存率可高达90％以上,欧美等国结直肠癌的早期诊断率超过25％,而我国的早诊患者不足15％。其二在于相关预防宦教工作尚未普及。 相似文献
5.
目的：探讨不同治疗方法对鼻腔非翟奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者的预后影响。方法：在59例原发于鼻腔NHL IE期患者中，化疗＋放疗33例。放疗＋化疗8例，单纯化疗10例，单纯放疗8例，化疗方案为CHOP。结果：全组患者的1，3．5年生存率分别为71．2％，42．0％和38．5％，不同治疗方法的生存率差异无显著性（P=0．3943），但生存曲线显示，放化组优于其他组。临床分期显示，IE局限组患者1，3，5年生存率为84．2％、67．7％和62．0％，IE超腔组患者为50．0％、14．3％和14．3％，差异有显著性（P=0．0012）。首程化疗≥3个周期24例，首程放疗≥40G，16例，完全缓懈率（CR率）分别为25．0％和75．0％，差异无显著性（P=0．002）。首程化疗2，3～4，5～6个周期的CR率分别为10．5％、25．0％和25．0％，差异无显著性（P=0．48），并发症发生率及治疗相关死亡率均以化放组为高（39．4％，15．2％），但差异无显著性（P=0．202，P=0．693）。结论：Ⅰ期鼻腔NHL患者首选放疗，以尽早达到局部控制．再根据临床分期及恶性程度或国际预后指数（IPI）酌情给予更有效的化疗方案。 相似文献
6.
李顺龙 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2010,10(5):13-15
目的探讨低位直肠癌患者行保肛根治术的临床应用。方法对我院收治的112例低位直肠癌患者进行保肛手术并观察术后效果。结果3例术后1周内发生吻合口瘘,二次手术造瘘1例,2例保守痊愈;5例发生术后肠梗阻,4例保守治疗痊愈,1例开腹二次手术后死亡;吻合口早期狭窄8例,术后14天扩肛痊愈。结论严格掌握保肛手术指征、合理选择患者、规范手术是低位直肠癌保肛根治手术成功的关键。 相似文献
7.
研究背景与目的:近50年来,尽管外科技术有迅猛发展,但直肠癌的手术治愈率、5年生存率始终徘徊在50%左右,治疗失败原因主要为局部复发率较高,特别是在低位直肠癌保肛术后的病人尤其突出。本研究的目的是:为了最大限度地减少直肠癌病人术后的局部复发及提高低位直肠癌手术的保肛率,从而延长直肠癌病人的生存期和改善其生存质量。方法:选取62例可行根治术的直肠癌患者为研究对象,随机分为两组各31例,实验组进行术前联合放化疗。放疗每周5d,每次200cGy,共5周23次,总剂量4600cGy。化疗的给药方式以放疗期间口服希罗达胶囊1.5克,每天两次。休息4～6周进行手术。对照组直接手术治疗。结果:术前放疗组病例术后病理见周围炎性细胞浸润和纤维组织增生,肿瘤供应血管明显变细,部分血管纤维化闭塞。肿瘤细胞水肿变形、核固缩及细胞崩解等,肿瘤组织血管出现栓塞,部分肿瘤组织出现液化、坏死。实验组保肛率达74.2%,3年局部复发率3.2%,对照组保肛率32.3%,3年局部复发率19.4%。两组比较差异有显著性有意义.进展期低位直肠癌的患者在接受新辅助治疗后,能使肿瘤降期,切除率增加,提高保肛率,降低局部复发率,同时副反应轻,患者依顺性较好。 相似文献
8.
《赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)》2020,(2)
目的:通过Meta分析评价中药治疗结直肠癌的有效性及安全性,为临床提供参考.方法:通过检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科期刊数据库、PubMed、EMBASE,收集符合要求的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,运用Cochrane系统评价的方法,使用RevMen5.2软件进行Meta分析.结果:最终纳入11项RCT,合计患者832例,Meta分析结果显示中药联合化疗治疗结直肠癌的总有效率优于对照组[总有效率:OR=2.66,0.95%CI(1.83,3.86),Z=5.15,P=0.35],此外还可以降低化疗期间不良反应发生率,如周围神经毒性差异有统计学意义.结论:中药联合化疗方案治疗大肠癌优于单纯化疗. 相似文献
9.
目的：对肺癌患者应用紫杉醇化疗后疗效及不良反应的观察。方法：选择152例肺癌患者，应用紫杉醇化疗，对其疗效和不良反应进行观察。结果：发生过敏反应4例（2．6％），骨髓抑制反应152例（100%），消化系统反应52例（34．2％），脱发152例（100％），神经毒性反应97例（63．8％）。心血管系统反应21例（13．8％）。结论：肺癌患者应用紫杉醇化疗时，尽早用药预防，及时进行护理干预和对症处理，能最大限度减少或减轻不良反应发生，使患者顺利完成化疗，提高5年生存率及带瘤生存质量。 相似文献
10.
目的探讨胸科非心脏手术术后并发心律失常的相关因素和护理对策。方法总结分析2006年8月至2007年12月,521例胸部非心脏手术术后发生心律失常125例的临床资料。结果125例心律失常者,通过护理干预118例康复出院,5例转内科治疗,2例术后合并并发症死亡。结论胸科非心脏手术术后并发心律失常临床常见,加强临床护理和监测,大大降低心律失常的发生率,促进康复。 相似文献
11.
Purpose To exam the relationship between HER2 over-expression and different adjuvant chemotherapies in breast cancer. Patients and Methods A total of 1625 primary breast cancer patients who received post-surgery adjuvant chemotherapy in Tianjin Cancer Hospital, China, from July 2002 to November 2005 were included in the study. Among them, 600 patients were given CMF (CTX MTX 5-Fu) regimen, 600 given CEF (CTX E-ADM 5-Fu) regimen, and 425 given anthracyclines plus taxanes regimen, with mean follow-up time of 42 months. Results In CMF treatment group, the 3-year disease free survival (DFS)in HER2 over-expressed patients was lower than that of the HER2-negative ones (89.80% vs 91.24%, P=0.0348); in node-positive subgroup, the 3-year DFS was 84.72% in HER2 over-expressed patients, and 90.18% in the HER-2-negative ones (P=0.0271).Compared to CMF regimen, anthracyclines and anthracyclines plus taxanes regimens are more effective (P＜0.05) in node-positive HER2 over-expression than those in the node-negative. Conclusion HER2 over-expression is an independent index for predicting poor prognosis and short DFS for breast cancer patients. HER2 over-expressed patients are resistant to CMF regimen chemotherapy, but sensitive to anthracyclines-based or anthracyclines plus taxanes regimen. HER2 expression can be taken as a marker for therapies in breast cancer. 相似文献
12.
孙永康 《湖州师范学院学报》2009,31(1)
为提高钡剂灌肠在大肠癌性梗阻诊断中的作用及X线影像表现,通过对16例大肠癌性梗阻经钡剂灌肠诊断为升结肠癌8例.横结肠近肝曲癌5例,直肠、乙状结肠癌3例的分析.得到结论:钡剂灌肠在大肠癌性梗阻急性发作病例中能及时有效地显示其病变部位梗阻性质和范围,可以弥补纤维结肠镜定位欠准确的不足. 相似文献
13.
Chen L Tian H Chen J He ZG Tao SF Lokesh G Peng SY 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(1):38-42
Objective: To observe the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric stump cancer (GSC) and evaluate the benefits of radical surgery of GSC. Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative survival time of 37 GSC patients who underwent surgery were investigated retrospectively. The survival time was compared according to the type of surgical pTMN stage. Survival curves were traced by using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Most GSC (32/37) was detected in patients who had received Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction after partial gastrectomy for benign gastric disease. The lesser curvature side and the suture line of anastomosis were the most frequent sites where GSC occurred (27/37). Differentiated adenocarcinoma was the dominant histopathological type (24/37). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of early stage GSC patients (n=9) was significantly higher than advanced stage GSC (n=12) (55.6% vs 16.5%, xL2=1 1.48, P＜0.01). Five-year survival rate of 21 GSC patients with radical resection were 75% (3/4) for stage Ⅰ, 60% (3/5) for stage Ⅱ, 14.2% (1/7) for stage Ⅲ, and 0% (0/5) for stage Ⅳ respectively.The median survival time of 21 GSC patients who underwent radical resection was longer than those undergoing palliative operation (43.0m vs 13.0m, xL2=36.31, P＜0.01), the median survival time of stage Ⅳ patients with radical resection was 23.8months. Conclusions: Without remote metastasis, radical resection for GSC is possible, and is an effective way to improve the prognosis of GSC. Even in stage Ⅳ GSC, radical resection can still prolong the survival time. It is necessary for the patients with benign gastric diseases who received partial gastrectomy to carry out the endoscopy follow-up, especially in patients with Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction procedure at 15-20 years. 相似文献
14.
Understanding of the mechanism ofcolorectal carcinogenesis has been gaining momentum for some years on account of its high incidence and impact on the lives of individuals affected. Different genetic abnormalities have been found in colorectal cancers from different sites. For example, proximal colon cancer is usually related to the nucleotide instability pathway, as mi-crosatellite instability (MSI). However, distal colon cancer is usually associated with specific chromosomal instability (CIN). The development of cancer at the rectum, though similar to that at the colon, displays its own unique features. These differences might be partially attributed to different embryological development and physiological circumstances. Environmental factors such as diet and alcohol intake also differ in their role in the development of tumors in the three segments, proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum. "Proximal shift" of colon cancer has been known for some time, and survival rates of colorectal cancer are higher when rectal cancers are excluded, both of which emphasize the three different segments of colorectal cancer and their different proper-ties. Meanwhile, colonic and rectal cancers are distinctive therapeutic entities. The concept of three entities of colorectal cancer may be important in designing clinical trails or therapeutic strategies. However, the dispute about the inconsistency of data con-ceming the site-specific mechanism of colorectal carcinoma does exist, and more evidence about molecular events of carcino-genesis and targeted therapy needs to be collected to definitely confirm the conception. 相似文献
15.
[目的]新的大肠癌相关性抗原EID3的基因克隆及其诊断价值研究.[方法]利用大肠癌病人体内血清中所含的对肿瘤抗原产生的特异性抗体筛选睾丸组织cDNA噬菌体表达文库和大肠癌组织cDNA噬菌体表达文库(SEREX),并用RT-PCR技术研究EID3 mRNA在正常组织和大肠癌传代细胞表达.[结果]睾丸组织cDNA噬菌体表达文库筛选得到了可以诱导大肠癌病人抗体免疫应答的新抗原EID3基因(Gen-bank NM_001008394.1).它们定位于染色体19q13.2,EID3含1个外显子.通过RT-PCR分析发现,EID3基因在43例大肠癌传代细胞株中,39例阳性,阳性率为90.7%.在正常组织中,除睾丸组织外不表达或有极低水平转录.[结论]EID3 mRNA表达检测用于诊断大肠癌,可能具有高特异性和高敏感性的特点.EID3蛋白被首次发现在大肠癌病人中能够诱导机体的抗体免疫应答,为一个新的大肠癌相关性抗原分子.其功能可能与抑制细胞的恶性增殖相关,并可进一步研究其用于治疗和诊断大肠癌的可行性. 相似文献
16.
Ming Zhao Xian-feng Ding Jian-yu Shen Xi-ping Zhang Xiao-wen Ding Bin Xu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2017,18(1):15-26
Breast cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality. It is helpful to reduce the rate of tumor recurrence and metastasis by treating breast cancer with adjuvant chemotherapy, so as to increase the cure rate or survival of patients. In recent years, liposomes have been regarded as a kind of new carrier for targeted drugs. Being effective for enhancing drug efficacy and reducing side effects, they have been widely used for developing anticancer drugs. As a kind of anthracycline with high anticancer activity, doxorubicin can treat or alleviate a variety of malignant tumors effectively when it is used on its own or in combination with other anticancer drugs. Although liposomal doxorubicin has been extensively used in the adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer, its exact therapeutic efficacy and side effects have not been definitely proven. Various clinical studies have adopted different combined regimes, dosages, and staging, so their findings differ to certain extent. This paper reviews the clinical application of liposomal doxorubicin in the adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer and illustrates therapeutic effects and side effects of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and non-PLD (NPLD) in clinical research, in order to discuss the strategies for applying these drugs in such adjuvant chemotherapy, looking forward to providing references for related research and clinical treatment in terms of dosage, staging, combined regimes, and analysis methods and so on. 相似文献
17.
Ning SONG Yan WANG Xiao-dong GU Zong-you CHEN Liu-bin SHI 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(6):451-459
Eukaryotic initiation factor subunit c(eIF3c) has been identified as an oncogene that is over-expressed in tumor cells and,therefore,is a potential therapeutic target for gene-based cancer treatment.This study was focused on investigating the effect of small interfering RNA(siRNA)-mediated eIF3c gene knockdown on colon cancer cell survival.The eIF3c gene was observed to be highly expressed in colon cancer cell models.The expression levels of the gene in eIF3c siRNA infected and control siRNA infected cells were compared via real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and western blotting analysis.Cell proliferation levels were analyzed employing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) and colony formation assays.Furthermore,the effects of eIF3c gene knockdown on the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry.The results showed that suppression of eIF3c expression significantly(P<0.001) reduced cell proliferation and colony formation of RKO colon cancer cells.The cell cycle was arrested by decreasing the number of cells entering S phase.Further,apoptosis was induced as a result of eIF3c knockdown.Collectively,eIF3c deletion effectively reduced the survival of colon cancer cells and could be used as a therapeutic tool for colon cancer therapy. 相似文献
18.
Gallbladder cancer has a poor outcome because of its anatomy and location. Often, the diagnosis is made very late due to its silent course. Post-operated cases do respond to chemotherapy but the survival is counted in months and the quality of life is further hampered due to toxicity of drugs. Immunotherapy holds good promise in non-responding cancers treated by conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Among various therapies, dendritic cell therapy is growing at rapid pace due to its acceptable rationale. It has been utilized in treating successfully resected stage Ill （T2, N1, M0） gallbladder cancer in one of our patients. A 48 years old lady treated with this therapy is free of metastasis with ten doses of autologous dendritic cell vaccine constructed by utilizing resected tumor lysate antigen. She has received ten doses of therapy in 14 months of her treatment. This therapy has proven to be safe and without apparent side effects. The positive clinical response obtained supports that autologous dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for refractory gallbladder cancers. 相似文献
19.
Xinguo JIANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(1):1-15
Standard treatment options for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, such as adjuvant hormonal therapy and monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the recognition that chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and survival during different stages of breast cancer development has led to the development of novel immunotherapies. Several immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied both preclinically and clinically and already have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conven- tional treatment modalities. Therefore, therapies targeting the immune system may represent a promising next-generation approach for the treatment of breast cancers. This review will discuss recent findings that elucidate the roles of suppressive immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tumor-promoting microen- vironment, and the most current immunotherapeutic strategies in breast cancer. 相似文献