共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
1.
探讨腐植酸钠对AA肉鸡屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响。方法:240只1日龄AA肉鸡,公母各半,随机等分4组,每组2个重复,每个重复30只。Ⅰ组为空白对照,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验处理,饲喂基础日粮并分别添加1.0g/kg、1.5 g/kg、2.5g/kg的腐植酸钠。42日龄每个重复随机抽取4只,测定屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、瘦肉率及肌肉(胸肌、腿肌)色度、嫩度、失水率。结果:1)Ⅲ组的全净膛率显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,其余各指标各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)Ⅱ组胸肌失水率显著大于对照组(P<0.05);各试验组腿肌失水率都极显著(P<0.01)大于对照组;其余各指标各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:1)AA肉鸡日粮中添加腐植酸钠可显著提高全净膛率(P<0.05),对屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、瘦肉率均表现出一定的改善趋势。2)添加腐植酸钠对AA肉鸡肌肉品质有一定的负面影响。 相似文献
2.
五华三黄鸡肉用性能及肉品质的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前国内外关于鸡肉肉质评定方法研究较缺乏,且尚未形成统一的肉质评价标准.以广东省梅州丰华有机农业发展有限公司五华三黄鸡繁育场五华三黄鸡为素材,对其屠宰性能、肉品质、肌肉感官指标等进行测定.并在此基础上就其鸡肉的感官性状与本场饲养的广西黄鸡与惠阳胡须鸡进行比较.结果表明:五华三黄鸡公鸡、母鸡屠宰率分别为89.62%和92.62%;半净膛率分别为77.76%和74.74%;全净膛率分别为62.72%和61.94%;腿肌粗蛋白质含量分别为24.90%和21.86%;腿肌粗脂肪含量分别为2.58%和0.47%;此外还测定了屠宰后腿肌不同时间的pH值以及心、肝、脑、肌胃、肌肉的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量.在肉质感官特性上:五华三黄鸡肉的感官性状明显优于广西黄鸡与惠阳胡须鸡. 相似文献
3.
随机选择河南固始鸡、福建贡鸡和江西麻鸡各200只,在相同条件下进行饲养,分别于0、14、28、42、56、70日龄对其生产性能和肉质进行分析比较.结果表明,固始鸡的70日龄平均体重为1204.23±192.60g,料重比为2.92:1;贡鸡的上述两项指标分别为982.54±188.92g和3.22:1;江西麻鸡分别为1169.30±209.20和3.04:1.屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率在3个品种间差异不显著.肌纤维直径以贡鸡最小,固始鸡最大. 相似文献
4.
目的:以去势公猪为试验对象,研究日粮中添加脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)对其胴体品质和抗氧化能力的影响。方法:将45头体质量40kg左右的杜×(长·大)三元杂交去势公猪,随机分成3组,即对照组(基础日粮)、试验Ⅰ组(基础日粮+25mg/kg DHEA)和试验Ⅱ组(基础日粮+75mg/kg DHEA),饲喂105d后,从每组选择6头去势公猪进行屠宰,测定胴体性状与肉质性状;并采集血样,用于血清甲状腺激素水平及抗氧化能力的测定。结果:不同质量浓度(25、75mg/kg)的DHEA处理显著降低了去势公猪平均背膘厚,并显著增加试验Ⅱ组猪的眼肌面积,但对其胴体质量、屠宰率、胴体长均无显著影响(P0.05);25mg/kg DHEA处理可显著提高肌肉b*值,而对其余常规肉质指标影响不显著;显著提高血清三碘甲腺氨酸含量,但对血清甲状腺素含量的影响不显著;25mg/kg DHEA处理可显著提高血清T-SOD活性(P0.01),降低血清MDA含量(P0.05)。结论:日粮中添加DHEA可提高去势公猪抗氧化能力,并可改善其胴体性状,但不影响其肉质性状。 相似文献
5.
为探讨山地放养模式对五华三黄鸡的肉用性能及肉品质的影响,选取100只1日龄的五华三黄鸡作为试验动物,对其进行210 d的生长监控,并于试验结束时随机抽取30只(公鸡10只,母鸡20只)对其进行体重、肉用性能和肉品质等指标的测定.结果表明:五华三黄鸡有2个生长高峰期,第一个高峰在14～28日龄之间,第二个高峰在90～150日龄之间;公鸡的屠宰率为89.93%,母鸡为92.76%,全净膛率公鸡为64.13%,母鸡为60.44%,半净膛率公鸡为76.37%,母鸡为71.91%.胸肌、腿肌粗蛋白含量分别为公鸡22.23%、20.12%,母鸡22.53%、20.90%,差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);胸肌、腿肌粗脂肪含量分别为公鸡1.49%、2.84%,母鸡1.60%、2.68%,差异极显著(P<0.01);胸、腿肌粗灰分含量分别为公鸡为1.47%、1.52%,母鸡1.51%、1.51%,差异不显著(P>0.05).此外还测定了肉色、肌肉含水量、不同时间的pH值以及心脏、肝脏和肌胃的粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量. 相似文献
6.
目的:探究硼和蛋氨酸联用对皖西白鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血常规指标的影响.方法:30日龄皖西白鹅240羽,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复20只),其中Ⅰ组为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组(其饲喂的基础日粮中分别添加25 mg/kg硼、0.4％ 蛋氨酸、25 mg/kg硼+0.4％ 蛋氨酸).比较饲喂结束后不同饲养周期内各组间生长性能指标的差异.结果:硼与蛋氨酸联用可显著提高60日龄皖西白鹅日增重并降低其料重比(P<0.05),对90日龄皖西白鹅生长性能无显著性影响,但料重比低于其他处理组;各组之间屠宰率和全净膛率无显著性差异,但硼与蛋氨酸联用处理组屠宰率和全净膛率均高于其他组,硼处理组腿肌率极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);各组之间HGB、RDW、PLT无明显差异,各添加剂组WBC指标极显著低于对照组,MCV极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);硼处理组MCH指标极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),MCHC指标显著高于蛋氨酸处理组和对照组(P<0.05);蛋氨酸处理组RBC指标显著低于对照组和硼处理组(P<0.05).结论:日粮中添加适量硼可提高皖西白鹅饲料转化效率,降低腿肌率,降低WBC数量,提高血液中MCV、MCH和MCHC指标;日粮中添加蛋氨酸显著提高饲料转化效率和皮下脂肪厚度,降低RBC数量,提高血液MCV指标,而硼与蛋氨酸联用可提高皖西白鹅的生长性能,降低了WBC数量,但对屠宰性能无影响. 相似文献
7.
作者在激素性股骨头坏死兔模型的制作过程中,对成年新西兰大耳白兔30只,测定血浆纤维蛋白原(Fg)水平进行了动态观察,结果显示血中Fg含量,在各阶段均明显高于对照组,经统计学处理有显著差异 相似文献
8.
采用完全双列杂交试验设计,对8个玉米自交系的10个主要性状的配合力和群体遗传参数进行分析.结果表明,组合及10个性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达显著或极显著水平.穗粗、穗行数、千粒重3个性状的狭义遗传力超过了80%,可以在早代选择,而单株产量、行粒数、穗长的狭义遗传力较低,受环境影响大,不利于早代选择;对亲本间的GCA效应和杂交组合间的SCA效应分析表明,自交系L103在降低株高、穗位高,提高结实性,增加穗行数、提高出籽率等性状上优于吉853,自交系L102-2在降低株高、穗位高,提高结实性,增加穗长、穗行数、行粒数,提高产量和出籽率性状上优于4F1,是综合性状相对较好的玉米种质. 相似文献
9.
目的:研究稻壳、大豆皮对肉鸡生产性能、肌肉品质及腺胃肌胃发育的影响.方法:选取14日龄A A肉鸡300只,随机分为对照组、稻壳组和大豆皮组共3组,每组设10个重复,每个重复10只.各组在饲喂相同日粮基础上,分别补饲石粉+玉米、稻壳+玉米、大豆皮+玉米,补饲成分制成颗粒形状,试验期28 d.分别于28、42日龄每组选取10只鸡,空腹称重,颈静脉放血致死,按要求取材并测定相关指标.结果:28日龄时,三个处理组之间肉鸡采食量、体重和料重比均没有显著差异(P>0.05).42日龄时,大豆皮组肉鸡体重与其他两组相比显著升高(P<0.05),而料重比较其他两组显著降低(P<0.05);42日龄时,大豆皮组肉鸡屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于稻壳组(P<0.05),胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但屠宰率较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).稻壳组肉鸡屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率较对照组没有显著差异(P>0.05).三个处理组之间肉鸡半净膛率和全净膛率差异均不显著(P>0.05);42日龄时,稻壳组胸肌肉色L值较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);对照组胸肌L值与大豆皮组相比较差异不显著(P>0.05)大豆皮组腿肌L值较稻壳组和对照组显著减小(P<0.05);对照组腿肌L值较稻壳组显著不差异(P>0.05);稻壳组腿肌a、b值较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);大豆皮组腿肌a、b值与对照组相比较无显著差异(P>0.05);28日龄时,稻壳组肉鸡腺胃重、肌胃重及腺胃肌胃比较对照组和大豆皮组显著增大(P<0.05);大豆皮组腺胃重、肌胃重及腺胃肌胃比,与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);三个处理组间腺胃和肌胃器官指数差异不显著(P>0.05).显微观察可见,大豆皮组肌胃类角质膜较厚,肌胃腺较高、排列紧密且与黏膜肌层结合紧密,腺胃深层复管状腺排列紧密、结构完整.结论:补饲稻壳、大豆皮对肉鸡生产性能、肉品质及腺胃肌胃发育有一定促进和改善作用,其中以补饲大豆皮效果最好.试验结果同时提示,肉鸡生产中补饲大豆皮和稻壳等纤维源,可在一定程度上预防和减缓腺胃肌胃炎的发生,提高肉鸡生产效益. 相似文献
10.
本文对蒙城县引进波尔山羊与当地黄淮白山羊的杂交改良效果进行了调查。结果表明 :波杂一代的初生重及 2月龄体重均显著高于黄淮白山羊 ;日增重为 190～ 197克 ,而白山羊只有98.6～ 112 .4克。波杂山羊具有较高的屠宰率 (48.3～ 5 6 .2 % )和净肉率 (48% )。波杂山羊的产羔率为 2 2 0 % ,略低于白山羊 (2 2 6 .9% )。 相似文献
11.
测定了彩石鮒的体长、头长、头宽、头高、吻长、眼后头长、眼径、眼间距、体高、尾柄长、尾柄高、尾鳍长、背鳍基前距、背鳍基长、腹鳍基前距、腹鳍臀鳍间距、体重和去内脏体重.各形态特征变量与体长之间的回归关系显著,相关系数在0.65～0.95之间,所有P＜0.000 1.截距的显著性检验结果在不同变量存在差异,其中头高、吻长、体高、背鳍基长、腹鳍基前距、体重和去内脏体重的截距具有显著的统计学意义,即与零假设(a=0)差异显著(所有P＜0.018),占检测的变量总数的41.18%,其余变量(58.82%)的截距与零假设(a=0)差异不显著(所有P＞0.061).本实验的数据说明比值的数据处理方法在形态学数据的统计分析中的使用需要一个变量之间关系性质的条件检验. 相似文献
12.
Objective
Many children in the US who are court-ordered to live in out-of-home care are placed with kinship caregivers. Few studies have examined the impact of living with kin on child well-being. This study examined the relationship between length of time living with kin and indices of adolescent well-being in a cohort of children who were initially court-ordered into out-of-home care.Methods
Prospective cohort design with 148 youth, ages 7-12, who entered out-of-home care between May, 1990, and October, 1991. Seventy-five percent of those interviewed at T1 (6 months following placement) were interviewed at T2 (5 years later).Results
Bivariate analyses did not demonstrate significant relationships between length of time living with kin and the outcome variables. In multivariate analyses, longer length of time living with kin was related to: (1) greater involvement in risk behaviors including: delinquency (β = .22, p < .05), sexual risk behaviors (β = .31, p < .05), substance use (β = .26, p < .05), and total risk behaviors (β = .27, p < .05), and (2) poorer life-course outcomes including: Tickets/Arrests (OR = 1.4, p < .05) and lower grades (β = −.24, p < .05). Time living with kin was not related to total competence, or self-destructive, internalizing, externalizing, or total behavior problems. There were trends (p < .10) for time living with kin to predict greater trauma symptomatology (β = .17) and suspensions (OR = 1.1).Conclusions
There were no significant bivariate findings. The multivariate findings suggested a pattern of poorer functioning for youth who spent more time living with kin. No differences were found in current symptomatology.Practice implications
Although findings from a single study should not dictate changes in practice or policy, the current study's findings do suggest that the field needs to conduct more methodologically sophisticated research on the impact of kinship care. 相似文献13.
非霍奇金淋巴瘤中p27~(kipl)和PCNA的表达及临床意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]探讨p27kipl和PCNA在非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin'slymphom,NHL)中的表达及临床意义.[方法]采用S-P免疫组织化学方法检测了在50例非霍奇金淋巴瘤和12例淋巴结反应性增生(reactivelymphoidhyperplasia,RH)中,p27kipl和PCNA的表达情况.[结果]①p27kipl在NHL中的阳性表达率明显低于RH,且随着:NHL恶性程度增加,p27kipl阳性表达明显下降(P<0.05);②与RH相比,肿瘤组织中PCNA明显呈过表达(P<0.05),而且PCNA阳性强度随着NHL恶性程度的增加而增高;③p27kipl与PCNA表达呈负相关(P<0.05),且两者的表达与患者性别、年龄、免疫分型、临床分期及肿瘤原发部位等因素无明显相关(P>0.05).[结论]p27kipl和PCNA都与NHL的发生发展有关,联合检测p27kipl和PCNA水平在对NHL的诊断、治疗及预后判断中具有重要的临床意义. 相似文献
14.
对 ６５例糖尿病患者进行了血清中微量元素锌、铜、铁、铬、锰的含量测定,并与正常对照组进行了比较．结果表明,病例组的糖尿病患者血清锌、铁、铬、锰均低于对照组,其中锌、铬、锰水平与对照组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）;血清铁虽低于对照组,但无统计学意义．血清钢水平则高于对照组,铜水平与对照组比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）． 相似文献
15.
Objectives
To describe health-related problems across placement types (unrelated foster, kin foster, in-home with birth parent); to examine the association of placement and demographic/child welfare variables (child gender, age, race/ethnicity; caregiver language; type of maltreatment, and length of time receiving services from child welfare) with health-related problems.Methods
This study utilized a retrospective medical chart review of children less than 6 years old (n = 449) seen at an outpatient child welfare pediatric clinic. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate odds of having a weight, medical, or provisional developmental delay problem by placement and demographic/child welfare characteristics.Results
Almost 13% of children in the sample were obese (≥95% age-gender specific percentile) and more than a quarter were overweight/obese (≥85%) while only 7% were underweight (≤5%). Most children (78%) had a physical health diagnosis and 25% were provisionally identified with a developmental delay. No differences between weight diagnoses, type of medical diagnoses, and provisional developmental delay by placement type were found, although children with 3 or more medical diagnoses were more likely to be with kin (p < .05). Children 2 years old or older were more likely to be overweight/obese than children under 2 years old (p < .05) and Hispanic children were more likely to be overweight/obese than non-Hispanic children (p < .01). Length of stay in child welfare was positively related with a medical diagnosis or provisional developmental delay (p < .01).Conclusions
Results argue for careful assessment of weight, medical, and developmental problems in children active to child welfare, whether residing in their home of origin, with kin, or with unrelated foster parents. The increasing problem of obesity among young children in child welfare warrants further investigation and intervention.Practice implications
The comprehensive health examination and enhanced health maintenance schedule for children in foster care should be extended to children who remain at home with child welfare services as child welfare involvement rather than placement is related to health-related problems. 相似文献16.
Effect of the scale of quantitative trait data on the representativeness of a cotton germplasm sub-core collection 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jian-cheng WANG Jin HU Ya-jing GUAN Yan-fang ZHU 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(2):162-170
A cotton germplasm collection with data for 20 quantitative traits was used to investigate the effect of the scale of quantitative trait data on the representativeness of plant sub-core collections.The relationship between the representativeness of a sub-core collection and two influencing factors,the number of traits and the sampling percentage,was studied.A mixed linear model approach was used to eliminate environmental errors and predict genotypic values of accessions.Sub-core collections were constructed using a least distance stepwise sampling(LDSS) method combining standardized Euclidean distance and an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA) cluster method.The mean difference percentage(MD),variance difference percentage(VD),coincidence rate of range(CR),and variable rate of coefficient of variation(VR) served as evaluation parameters.Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to study the relationship among the number of traits,the sampling percentage,and the four evaluation parameters.The results showed that the representativeness of a sub-core collection was affected greatly by the number of traits and the sampling percentage,and that these two influencing factors were closely connected.Increasing the number of traits improved the representativeness of a sub-core collection when the data of genotypic values were used.The change in the genetic diversity of sub-core collections with different sampling percentages showed a linear tendency when the number of traits was small,and a logarithmic tendency when the number of traits was large.However,the change in the genetic diversity of sub-core collections with different numbers of traits always showed a strong logarithmic tendency when the sampling percentage was changing.A CR threshold method based on Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to determine the rational number of traits for a relevant sampling percentage of a sub-core collection. 相似文献
17.
Leslie LK Raghavan R Hurley M Zhang J Landsverk J Aarons G 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(5):333-342
Objectives
Public Law (P.L.) 110-351, the “Fostering Connections to Success Act,” calls for state child welfare agencies to partner with Medicaid and pediatric experts to provide planning and oversight regarding the provision of health and mental health services, including medication, to children in state custody. Recent reports, media cases, and class action lawsuits suggest over-use of psychotropic medications to address the behavioral needs of children in the child welfare system. We examined geographic variability in psychotropic medication use across US child welfare agency catchment areas to determine how rates of psychotropic medication use vary in relation to child, community, child welfare, and health system-level factors.Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of Wave 1 data for the 92 child welfare catchment areas participating in the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being, a random probability sample of 2,504 children ages 2-15 years undergoing investigation for abuse and neglect. We employed multilevel regression modeling to examine the impact of catchment-level variables on medication use, controlling for child-level variables.Results
Fifteen percent of children reported taking psychotropic medications. Rates of medication use across catchment areas ranged widely from 0 to 40%, a 40-fold difference. On multi-level logistic regression modeling, older age (p < .001), male gender (p < .001), emotional and behavioral problems (p < .001), and insurance (p = .05) were associated with psychotropic medication use at the child-level. At the catchment-level, stressful environment within the child welfare system was negatively associated with medication use. No other catchment-level variables examined were found to explain use.Conclusions
Striking disparities in medication use exist across catchment areas in this national sample. Of the catchment variables examined, only stressful environment was related to medication use.Practice implications
These findings highlight significant geographic variation in medication use that most likely reflect both under-use and over-reliance on psychotropic medication. The link between child welfare environment and medication use suggests the influence of systemic, as opposed to clinical, causes of variation in medication use. This requires greater implementation of organizational processes governing quality of care for this highly vulnerable population. 相似文献18.
Objective
Children of mothers with mental illness are at risk for multiple untoward outcomes, including child maltreatment and foster care placement. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the association between maternal mental illness and children's long term safety and stability.Methods
A multi-sector administrative dataset from the Department of Social Services (DSS) and Department of Mental Health (DMH) was analyzed. The sample was 4,895 low income families (mother and child dyads) first reported to child welfare in 1993 or 1994. Families were followed until March of 2009. Dates of new report and foster care placement were obtained from DSS data. ICD-09 or ICD-10 diagnostic codes were obtained from Department of Mental Health data. Schizophrenic disorders, episodic mood disorders, anxiety disorders and personality disorders were examined.Results
New reports were more likely for children of mothers with mental illness, regardless of diagnosis. While overall 67% of children had a new report over the course of their childhood, rates ranged from 80 to 90% for children of mothers with mental illness and occurred within a shorter time frame than for other children. In the multivariate models, mood (HR = 1.41, p < .001) and anxiety disorders (HR = 1.32, p < .05) placed children at greater risk for new reports. The proportion of children with foster placements was more than double for children of mothers with mental illness than for other children. In the multivariate model, anxiety disorders were strongly associated with the risk of placement (HR = 1.75, p < .001).Conclusions and Practice implications
Important differences in safety and stability were found between children of mothers with and without mental illnesses, as well as some variability across diagnoses. Since these mothers had already received services our findings suggest that access is not enough. The services they are receiving or have received may be an ineffective approach to helping them parent safely. 相似文献19.
Personality traits of 43 female public school librarians were compared to traits exhibited by 50 female public school teachers. Differences in personality structure were found to exist on four factors of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire: G and M (p < .05) and I and Q1 (p < .01). Personality of public school librarians and teachers should provide a meaningful variable for study of successful working interaction between the two groups. The implication is that in order to effect a smooth professional relationship between these two groups, school personnel should be aware that a heterogeneity of personality traits does exist. 相似文献