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1.
基于国内外创新网络的构成要素阐述了OFDI逆向溢出的机理系统,从关系价值的角度分析对外投资企业嵌入东道国网络的过程及网络溢出效应,探讨了技术溢出、吸收能力的相互促进及对自主创新的中介作用,分析了OFDI逆向溢出的公共效应对区域整体创新能力的提升作用。通过实证检验,验证了本文的核心假设,认为OFDI是全球网络下区域企业技术锁定的突破方式。 相似文献
2.
中国对外直接投资对全球贡献持续加大,这在带动相关产能、装备、技术和服务输出的同时,也对国内企业产生深刻影响。利用2003—2013年中国工业企业统计数据库与商务部对外直接投资企业名录的匹配数据,实证检验了企业对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出效应对其生产率的影响。研究发现:我国对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出对企业生产率进步的影响存在滞后效应,企业生产率在实施对外直接投资的来年得到明显提升,随后呈现边际递减的趋势。企业吸收能力、投资动机和东道国技术水平是影响对外直接投资逆向技术溢出效应发挥的重要因素。异质性分析表明,相较于中西部地区而言,东部地区的企业对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出对企业生产率的提升作用更大;相比于包含外资的企业,内资企业对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出对其生产率的促进作用更大。为中国企业更好地进行对外直接投资提供了有益的政策启示。 相似文献
3.
本文将R&D两面性纳入分析框架,建立国际R&D溢出回归模型,选取14个主要国家数据,对1985-2006年我国技术吸收能力与对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出效应进行实证检验。结论表明,ODI方式获取的国外溢出研发资本对国内R&D存量存在挤出效应;逆向技术溢出效应受我国技术水平制约有限,通过利用当地丰富的研发资源能够显著提高创新效率。 相似文献
4.
企业层面的技术创新是推动一国经济持续健康发展的重要动力,主要取决于企业自身的知识资本积累和通过对外直接投资获得的逆向技术溢出。从全球价值视角探讨知识资本、OFDI逆向技术溢出提升企业技术创新的内在机理,研究发现:人力资本通过直接影响自主RD投入和间接影响跨国公司对外来技术的"吸收能力"促进跨国公司的技术创新能力;我国跨国公司对发达国家的绿地投资主要是通过集聚溢出机制等影响跨国公司的技术创新能力;对发展中国家的绿地投资主要通过规模经济机制和研发成本分摊机制促进跨国公司的技术创新能力。 相似文献
5.
本文选取2005-2017年中国省级面板数据,对各省逆向技术溢出强度与碳排放强度进行了测度,运用空间杜宾模型,并结合中介效应模型实证检验了中国对外直接投资(OFDI)过程中产生的逆向技术溢出效应对碳排放强度的影响机制。检验结果表明：逆向技术溢出会显著抑制本地碳排放强度,也会通过空间效应抑制周边地区的碳强度,且自主技术创新在其中充当中介变量,本地区母公司能对周边地区的绿色技术发展产生杠杆效应和正向的空间溢出;逆向技术溢出对本地碳排放强度的抑制作用受到东西部区位和经济发展水平的差异性影响;当投资东道国为“一带一路”部分国家时,逆向技术溢出依然能够抑制中国碳排放强度,但自主技术创新不再发挥中介效应;本文为推动中国经济低碳发展,早日实现碳中和任务提供了理论借鉴。 相似文献
6.
本文利用2003-2011年间中国29个省份（地区）对10个主要国家（地区）的对外直接投资的省际面板数据,采用非线性门槛回归模型实证分析了创新能力、经济自由度、金融发展水平等三种吸收能力对我国OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的影响。结果显示,经济自由度对OFDI的逆向技术溢出不存在门槛效应,但创新能力、金融发展水平存在门槛效应,且当吸收能力跨越门槛值时,其对OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的影响显著提高。 相似文献
7.
近年来,越来越多的发展中国家参与到对外直接投资的活动中,这与传统的投资理论相违背,国内外学者开始关注对外直接投资这条国际技术溢出渠道。面对迅速增加的发展中国家的对外直接投资现象,中国作为最大的对外直接投资发展中国家,有必要对中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出效应进行深入研究。研究以2004—2013年我国行业面板数据作为样本数据,用DEA方法测算了9个行业的全要素生产率TFP来代表各行业的技术进步水平,运用Eviews面板回归模型对我国第二产业、第三产业的对外直接投资逆向技术溢出效应进行检验,结果发现逆向技术溢出效应的产业差异明显,通过进一步分析造成该差异的原因,对提高我国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出效应提出相关对策建议。 相似文献
8.
文中利用2005—2013年52个东道国的面板数据,并依据固定效应检验、随机效应检验以及Hausman检验进行模型设定检验,实证考察了东道国创新能力与我国OFDI逆向技术影响之间的关系以及制度距离对两者关系的调节作用。文中实证研究发现:以东道国居民专利申请数量,人力资本,RD经费投入和发达的技术市场与我国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出效应显著正相关。同时,管制距离与规范距离对上述关系具有负向调节作用。上述研究成果清晰阐明了东道国创新能力影响对外直接投资反向溢出效应的外部制度环境,为我国国外直接投资企业改善和提升反向溢出效应提供有益的管理建议。 相似文献
9.
建立涵盖创新效率提升、经济结构优化、生态文明建设、开放稳定共享和人民生活幸福5个子系统36个基础指标的经济发展质量评价体系,采用二次加权的PCA-EM方法测度中国省域经济发展质量;进一步构建面板联立方程模型,分别考察中国对外直接投资（OFDI）对发达经济体、发展中经济体创新能力和经济发展质量的作用机制与效果,深入分析逆向技术溢出对经济发展质量各子系统的创新效应并探讨地区异质性。研究发现,对发达经济体OFDI的逆向技术溢出有利于提升地区创新能力,但对经济发展质量的总体效应为负;对发展中经济体OFDI的逆向技术溢出能够直接促进经济高质量发展;OFDI逆向技术溢出的创新效应存在明显的区域间差异。我国应该优化OFDI结构、采取因地制宜的投资政策、持续增强吸收能力,充分发挥创新对高质量发展的驱动作用。 相似文献
10.
中国OFDI国别差异与母国技术进步 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
按东道国研发资本密集程度,中国对外直接投资流向研发资本密集的发达国家和研发资本稀疏的转型及发展中国家。本文建立了中国对外直接投资国别差异与母国技术进步的机制模型,并利用2003-2012年省际面板数据,通过工具变量固定效应方法(IVFE)进行了实证检验,结果显示:对外直接投资国别差异对我国技术进步存在显著不同影响,其中我国对发达国家对外直接投资能够获得逆向技术溢出,对转型及发展中国家对外直接投资不能获得逆向技术溢出,反而产生正向技术输出;我国对发达国家对外直接投资获得的逆向技术溢出通过人力资本消化吸收;我国对转型及发展中国家对外直接投资产生的正向技术输出通过国内研发成本分摊部分回收。 相似文献
11.
This paper empirically examines to what extent being foreign and part of a multinational affects the endogenous relation between R&D and productivity. Our findings indicate that multinationals obtain in general higher R&D returns. Also, there is a negative foreignness effect in that domestic-owned multinationals outperform foreign subsidiaries. However, these effects are somehow moderated by the institutional distance between the home and host countries. These results, obtained for a panel of UK firms, are largely consistent with a set of hypotheses derived from the institutional and international business theories. 相似文献
12.
This paper develops a history-friendly model of the process of catch-up by Chinese firms in the mobile communications industry. It aims to explain how the sectoral environment in terms of segmented markets and generational technological change facilitated the catch-up of domestic firms with respect to foreign multinationals. Segmented markets provided a nurturing environment in peripheral markets for the survival of domestic firms starting with low level capabilities in their infant stage. Generational technological change opened windows of opportunities for domestic firms to catch-up with foreign multinationals in new product segments. Segmented markets and generational technological change allowed domestic firms to leverage their initial advantages in peripheral markets to catch-up in core markets. Counterfactual simulations highlight that the process of catch-up was facilitated by relatedness across technological generations. This paper contributes to the literature on catch-up and industry evolution by illustrating the role of technological change and market regimes in the process of catching-up. 相似文献
13.
结合我国企业技术创新水平较低、技术研发实力较弱,还需要大量引进、模仿或者与国外跨国公司进行合作创新的现实状况,依据博弈论的理论知识和分析方法,建立了我国企业与国外跨国公司合作创新的策略模型,分析了双方的相关策略以及政府在合作创新中的作用和影响,并提出了相关结论。 相似文献
14.
近年来，随着中国一系列开放外贸收购中国企业的规则出台，外贸以并购方式进入中国的步伐明显加快，中国正成为跨国并购的新兴市场，未来数年可能迎来外贸并购高潮。在并购的交易过程中，经常会涉及知识产权许可与转让问题，事实上，外贸购买中国企业很多是以购买目标企业的商标，专利等无形资产为主要并购目的的。 相似文献
15.
Patrocinio Zaragoza-Sáez Enrique Claver-Cortés Bartolomé Marco-Lajara Mercedes Úbeda-García 《知识管理研究与实践》2016,14(4):489-501
Knowledge creation is one of the most important dynamic capabilities that firms can use to develop new assets, which can represent the basis for future innovations. Within a context of growing globalisation, the acquisition and creation of knowledge is one of the main objectives sought with international expansion. The consideration of intellectual capital within the knowledge creation process in subsidiaries offers an innovative way to undertake knowledge management practices in multinationals. Theoretical and empirical works can be found in the literature about intellectual capital. However, very few studies link intellectual capital to knowledge creation in multinationals. Seeking to fill this gap, the purpose of this paper is to develop and test a model that includes the main intangibles belonging to structural and relational capital that can influence knowledge creation in Spanish subsidiaries of foreign multinational firms belonging to high-technology and knowledge-intensive sectors. Theoretical, empirical and managerial contributions result from this paper. 相似文献
16.
中国经济近三十年一直保持了快速、稳定、持续的增长,国内居民的消费能力也日渐提高。现在,不仅跨国公司,外国中小规模企业都对进入日渐规范亚遵循国际公认商业准则的中国消费市场充满了兴趣。在参与市场竞争时,外国企业所面临的一个巨大的挑战就是如何将自己的商品更好地介绍给中国市场的消费者。毫无疑问,商标作为一个浓缩企业商誉的广告,是将商品推向市场的重要工具。 相似文献
17.
Since the early 1990s, Brazilian IT policy has changed substantially from greenhouse protectionism in selected segments of the market to a more liberal regime. This article analyses the impact of liberalization on IT equipment production, diffusion, employment, and foreign trade. There were both benefits and setbacks, depending on the aspect analyzed. Users benefited from greater access to imported equipment, which could eventually contribute to productivity growth in the overall economy.On the negative side, there was a loss of local linkages with internal sources of components, technology, and employment. The article concludes that the future of the Brazilian IT industry does not seem to be in commodity hardware production. Rather, it lies in design- and engineering-intensive applications. Such "production close to use" can spur domestic use as well as create business opportunities for domestically owned companies in markets not dominated by foreign multinationals. 相似文献
18.
Caroline Paunov 《Research Policy》2012,41(1):24-35
The longer term impact of the global crisis depends on how business innovation capacities were affected. Understanding which firms suffered most is essential for developing adequate post-crisis recovery policies. This paper provides first quantitative evidence on these questions based on an original firm-level dataset for eight Latin American countries in 2008-2009. We find the crisis led many firms to stop ongoing innovation projects. Probit regression results show that firms with access to public funding were less likely to abandon these investments. Younger firms and businesses supplying foreign multinationals or suffering export shocks were more likely to do so. 相似文献
19.
This paper addresses the issue of R&D internationalisation of two multinationals in the electro-technical industry (GE and ABB), by means of a patent data analysis. The overwhelming majority of both companies’ R&D activities are concentrated in Western Europe and North America. The locational overlap between the two firms’ activities is small. These results are consistent with findings from earlier studies that (1) there is little evidence to suggest that the ‘production’ of technology is globalised in a general sense and (2) that tapping knowledge from an industry's global lead location plays a very limited role in foreign R&D investments. 相似文献
20.
In 1987, Sweden's 20 largest multinationals together operated some 170 foreign R&D units, employing 8100 people, 23% of their total R&D personnel. About 60% of the units were added after 1980, the majority through acquisitions of foreign companies.Four major motives for the operation of foreign R&D units are identified: (1) support to local production (5% of foreign R&D employment); (2) ‘market proximity’, i.e. adaptation of centrally developed products (and processes) to local market conditions (32%); (3) exploitation of foreign R&D results and resources (8%); (4) ‘political factors’, i.e. environmental factors more or less directly influenced by government action (34%). The remaining 20% of employment seemed to be motivated by a combination of factors.The primary aim of the first three types of foreign R&D units is to enhance a company's competitive position in ways not possible from a domestic location. Hence, they should be little cause of concern for Swedish policy makers. 相似文献