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身体活动与健康促进是体育科学与公共卫生的重要研究领域。一些研究孤立地探讨了身体活动、久坐和睡眠与各种健康结局的关系,然而,在有限的24 h内,不同行为活动时间相互依赖。近年来,有学者提出采用等时替代策略,通过各活动行为时间使用的重新分配,寻找使健康收益最大化的最佳时间分配方式。梳理当前等时替代模型在身体活动研究中的发展概况,阐述传统（即非成分）等时替代模型和成分等时替代模型理论,并进行实例分析。基于此,为体育科学和公共卫生研究者提供新思路和方法,推动等时替代模型在身体活动和健康研究领域中的应用。 相似文献
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目的：使用成分分析方法综合探究上海市儿童24 h活动时间分布与身体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）之间的关系。方法：对上海市321名6～13岁学龄儿童（男生158名,女生163名）展开横断面调查,采用加速度计测量其24 h活动行为,采用标准测量仪器测量儿童身高、体质量;使用成分线性回归分析儿童24 h活动行为与身体质量指数z分数（body mass index z-score,zBMI）的关系,以及探讨24 h活动行为等时替代对zBMI的影响。结果：1）成分回归结果显示,控制性别和年龄后,中高强度身体活动（moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,MVPA）(β=-0.75,P<0.001)、低强度身体活动（light physical activity,LPA）(β=-0.13,P<0.05)的时间占比与儿童zBMI呈显著性负相关,久坐行为（β=0.61,P<0.001）和睡眠（β=0.53,P<0.01）的时间占比与儿童zBMI呈显著性正相关。2）在15 min等时替代模型中,用MVPA替代LPA、久坐行... 相似文献
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采用修订的包括7天回忆的《自我陈述身体活动检查表》（SAPAC）,对197名12~16岁初中生进行调查,考察久坐行为和身体活动的方式特
点。调查结果发现,大多数学生每个星期用于做作业的时间超过7 h,所有学生上网、使用计算机或看电视的时间很少,不存在性别差异。有关身体
活动的参与方面,71%的学生有一定量的身体活动（每个星期>300 min的中等强度活动,或>120 min的剧烈活动）,15.7%的学生有中等强度的身体
活动（每个星期>150 min和≤300 min的中等活动,或>60 min和≤120 min的剧烈活动）,只有3.0%的学生有低强度或没有身体活动,且没有发现性别
差异。表明,身体活动参与与任何久坐不动行为无关。大多数青少年不参加体育活动和比赛,包括在体育课程中,最常见的身体活动是快走和骑自
行车。本研究可以更好地理解青少年的久坐行为和身体活动方式,可以作为研究基线,使教育管理者和教师了解身体活动和不活动的特点,并制定
干预措施。 相似文献
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目的：探讨中小学生运动益处与障碍认知对于身体活动的影响及内在关联,为提升中小学生身体活动和减少久坐行为提供参考。方法：随机抽取小学4～6年级618人和初中1～3年级学生1047人,调查其身体活动水平、久坐行为时长和运动障碍及障碍认知水平;使用卡方检验比较不同性别、不同学段学生的身体活动水平的差异,使用独立样本t检验比较中小学生的运动益处认知差异,最后进行多元线性回归分析揭示其关联性。结果：被调查学生的总体身体活动水平偏低,66.5%的女生处在低强度身体活动水平远高于男生的46.9%(X2=71.29,P<0.001);初中生低强度身体活动人数占比68.6%远高于小学生的36.1%,56.0%的小学生处在中等强度身体活动水平远高于初中生的29.0%(X2=171.75,P<0.001)。中小学男生的运动益处与障碍认知得分高于女生,中学生运动益处与障碍认知得分高于小学生,并具有显著性差异(P<0.001)。运动益处与障碍认知中预防保健、生命促进维度与中小学男生久坐行为显著相关(P<0.001),社会交往与女生久坐行为显著相... 相似文献
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文章以web of science^TM核心合集数据库中收录的2017年到2020年间以儿童青少年身体活动为主题的文献信息为研究数据来源,运用文献资料法和Cite Space知识图谱分析国外儿童青少年身体活动研究外部特征和基本情况,解析当前儿童青少年身体活动研究的经典引文,揭示研究热点。国外儿童青少年身体活动的研究呈现出跨众多学科且多领域之间相互交叉的态势;研究来源期刊种类丰富多样,涉及学科领域广泛;美国和澳大利亚虽发文量最多,中心性较低;英格兰、新加坡和南非其研究影响力较高;大学是该研究领域的核心机构;儿童青少年的体质和健康问题,锻炼对儿童体质和健康的干预尤其是对肥胖儿童青少年体质健康干预与慢性病方面研究是国际上关注的焦点;身体活动水平对非传染性疾病的预防方案的制定和实施、儿童和青少年身体活动准则的制定、儿童青少年久坐行为与多项身体以及心理健康指标之间的关系等研究构成了该领域的经典被引文献。 相似文献
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运用文献资料法,对儿童青少年自主性身体活动国外研究的区域分布、测量和统计方法、参与影响因素、干预情况等进行系统梳理。结果显示：英国是儿童青少年自主性身体活动研究最多的国家/地区;调查法（问卷、访谈、自我报告）和测试法为常用研究方法;研究主要聚焦在肥胖关系、久坐行为、场地设备和影响因素（运动环境感知情况、父母受教育程度等）4个方面。结合中国实际情况建议：在儿童青少年身体活动报告基础上关注自主性身体活动的健康效益;倡导融合自主性身体活动研究手段,注重客观测试方法的使用;探究家庭、学校、社区多元主体干预实践。 相似文献
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采用成分数据分析方法探究儿童24 h活动与基本动作技能的关系，以及24 h活动时间之间重新分配与基本动作技能的“剂量-效应”特征。对浙江省金华市327名6～10岁儿童展开横断面调查，采用加速度计测量24 h活动，采用大肌肉动作发展测试第3版测量FMS，运用成分数据分析方法分析24 h活动时间占比、重新分配与基本动作技能的关系。结果显示：(1)控制年龄、性别和身体质量指数后，中高强度身体活动时间占比与儿童的FMS显著正相关(β=4.155,P<0.01)，久坐行为时间占比与FMS显著负相关(β=-6.926,P<0.01)，睡眠和低强度身体活动时间占比与FMS均无显著相关。(2)MVPA替代其他行为(LPA、SED、睡眠)可显著提升儿童FMS水平，反之则降低，且两者之间的相互替代具有不对称性；睡眠替代SED也会提升FMS水平，反之则降低；在所有替代中，MVPA替代SED对FMS的促进效应最佳。(3)睡眠时间占比以及与MVPA之间的相互替代与操控技能正相关，与位移技能无显著性相关；同时，MVPA与其他行为之间的相互替代对于操控技能的影响均高于位移技能。研究认为：学校与家庭应关注... 相似文献
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研究选择Web of Science（WOS）数据库与和中国知识资源总库（CNKI数据库），检索2000—2014年收录的有关身体活动的研究文献分别为7 465篇与292篇。应用CiteSpaceⅡ软件对国内外身体活动流行病学研究文献进行知识图谱分析，探索研究的热点与前沿趋势话题。结果发现：美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等西方国家的研究最为活跃，尤其是美国；在公共卫生、体育科学、医学社会科学、神经科学等学科领域的研究较多，而国内侧重于建筑环境、社会生态、锻炼心理等方面；久坐行为与健康、建筑环境与身体活动、肥胖问题是国外研究的热点话题；国外的研究目标人群主要选择青少年儿童、老年人、妇女等弱势群体，而国内重点集中于青少年儿童与学生群体。同时提出国内外在相关领域研究成果的数量与质量上均存在明显差距，应加强学科交叉与国际交流，国内学者要重视基础研究及其学科建设。 相似文献
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目的 通过记录和分析学生体育课堂活动、教学情景和教师行为等数据,评估学龄前儿童的身体活动水平,为进一步探索学龄前儿童的体育教学策略提供参考。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法,于2018年4月16日—6月16日抽取河南省560名3-6岁儿童(男生297名,女生263名),运用体能教学时间观察系统(SOFIT),对90节体育课进行观察和记录,运用Welch方法进行显著性分析。结果 影响学龄前儿童身体活动的主要因变量是中高强度的活动密度(MVPA)所占百分比;MVPA占比与教学情景和教师行为具有相关性;学龄前儿童在校期间(除体育课),大多处于久坐不动的状态;3-6岁幼儿在体育课上进行中高强度体育活动的时间约占整堂课的一半,这与国家要求青少年儿童每天不少于60分钟的体育锻炼时间相去甚远。结论 身体活动对3-6岁幼儿身心健康发展有着重要影响,应通过增加体育活动机会和时间、对学校实施问责制等策略,提升幼儿身体活动水平。 相似文献
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Simone J.J.M.Verswijveren Karen E.Lamb Josep A.Martín-Fernández Elisabeth Winkler Rebecca M.Leech Anna Timperio Jo Salmon Robin M.Daly Ester Cerin David W.Dunstan Rohan M.Telford Richard D.Telford Lisa S.Olive Nicola D.Ridgers 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(2):234-243
Purpose:The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions,focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity(PA),and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Methods:Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled(complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data,n=782).A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis:time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior;time in shorter and longer bouts of light-,moderate-,or vigorous-intensity PA;and"other time"(i.e.,non-wear/sleep).Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as<5 min and>5 min,respectively.Shorter bouts of light-,moderate-,and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as<1 min;longer bouts were defined as≥1 min.Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Then,associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns,and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and"other time",and cardiometabolic biomarkers.Results:Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity,blood pressure,lipids,and the summary score.Specifically,more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score(zBMI)(β=1.79;SE=0.68)and waist circumference(β=18.35,SE=4.78).When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and"other time",more time in light-and vigorous-intensity PA,and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA,were associated with lower waist circumference.Conclusion:Accumulating PA,particularly light-intensity PA,in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts. 相似文献
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We provide an overview of a recently published, edited book in a rapidly emerging field of research, policy, and practice for physical activity: Sedentary Behavior and Health. In this commentary, we highlight the broad perspectives provided in the 27 chapters of Sedentary Behavior and Health and suggest a research strategy to move the field forward—not only with scientific rigor, but also with breadth of scholarship. The book’s chapters provide an overview of the background to and contexts for sedentary behavior and health. They then highlight the importance of understanding health consequences and underlying mechanisms; introduce key measurement technology and analytic strategies; consider sedentary behavior in subpopulations; describe conceptual models and theories to guide sedentary behavior interventions; and explain what is known about interventions in different settings. Considering the breadth of perspectives brought to bear on the field and the plethora of opportunities for research, policy, and practice, we suggest 3 elements of an interdisciplinary research strategy drawing upon the primary knowledge bases of physical activity and health: through the experimental methods of exercise science, through the observational tools of epidemiology, and through the conceptual approaches and methods of behavioral science. A better understanding of the health consequences of sedentary behavior and how they may be influenced can be encompassed by 3 key questions: What changes are needed to most effectively influence sedentary behaviors? What elements of sedentary behavior should be changed to improve health outcomes? What are the feasibility of and the benefits from changing sedentary behavior? 相似文献
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Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Therefore,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living PA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m2)were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 weeks.Our primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light PA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived PA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening PA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived PA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,p<0.001-0.002,ηp2=0.15-0.56)with all outcomes favoring the intervention group.We observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior,light PA,sleep duration,or external,introjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA environments and behaviors,a remote,YouTube-delivered PA intervention may help foster clinically meaningful improvements in young adults’free-living MVPA,musclestrengthening PA frequency,sleep efficiency,PA-related intrinsic motivation,and perceived PA barriers. 相似文献
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《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(6):675-689
PurposeThe objective of this scoping review was to summarize systematically the available literature investigating the relationships between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) of school-aged children (aged 5−11 years) and youth (aged 12−17 years) in the first year of the COVID-19 outbreak.MethodsSearches for published literature were conducted across 6 databases on 2 separate search dates (November 25, 2020, and January 27, 2021). Results were screened and extracted by 2 reviewers (DCP and KR) independently, using Covidence. Basic numeric analysis and content analysis were undertaken to present thematically the findings of included studies according to the associated impact on each movement behavior.ResultsA total of 1486 records were extracted from database searches; of those, 150 met inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. Of 150 articles, 110 were empirical studies examining physical activity (n = 77), sedentary behavior/screen time (n = 58), and sleep (n = 55). Results consistently reported declines in physical-activity time, increases in screen time and total sedentary behavior, shifts to later bed and wake times, and increases in sleep duration. The reported impacts on movement behaviors were greater for youth than for children.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic is related to changes in the quantity and nature of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among children and youth. There is an urgent need for policy makers, practitioners, and researchers to develop solutions for attenuating adverse changes in physical activity and screen time among children and youth. 相似文献
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Short-term effect of physical activity on sleep health: A population-based study using accelerometry
《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(5):630-638
BackgroundRegular physical activity (PA) is an important behavior in improving sleep health. However, the short-term effects of PA on sleep are still controversial. This study aimed to verify the effect of different intensities of PA practiced in different periods of the day on the subsequent sleep night in a population-based cohort of young adults.Methods: Prospective analyses were conducted for PA performed during the day and its effect on the following sleep night using data from the 22-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Brazil (mean age of participants = 22.6 years). Wrist-worn accelerometry was used to measure both PA and sleep parameters. Regarding intensity, we analyzed the sleep effect of light PA (LPA), moderate PA, and vigorous PA, stratified by sex. Sleep variables were sleep time window (STW; the difference between sleep onset and sleep end), total sleep time (TST; the sum of minutes classified as sleep in STW), and sleep percent (SP; SP = (TST/STW); expressed in percentage). We performed generalized estimating equations using Stata software.Results: The means of STW, TST, and SP were 443.6 min/day, 371.1 min/day, and 84%, respectively. Time spent in moderate PA and vigorous PA in the morning and afternoon was not associated with sleep variables. Among men, 10 min/day of morning LPA increased TST by 2.56 min/day. Among women, 10 min/day of morning LPA increased SP by 0.15 percentage points. Afternoon LPA also increased SP by 0.09 percentage points for women. Night PA seems to have an inverse effect on sleep variables for any intensity and both sexes.Conclusion: The effect of PA on sleep health is intrinsically related to the period of the day in which it is performed. The effect magnitude is different between sexes. For better sleep health, it is preferable that PA be performed during the day. 相似文献
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Kelly A. Mackintosh Nicola D. Ridgers Melitta A. McNarry 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(13):1506-1511
Physical activity (PA) is a key element in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) treatment strategies, yet little is known as to whether activity compensation occurs. This study examined whether PA and/or sedentary time on one day were temporally associated with time spent in these intensities the following day in youth with CF. Time spent sedentary and in different PA intensities were objectively-measured for seven consecutive days in 50 youth (22 boys; 12.0 ± 2.7 years); 25 with mild-to-moderate CF and 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Multilevel analyses (day and child) were conducted using generalised linear latent and mixed models. On any given day, every additional 10 minutes spent in sedentary time or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with 1.9 (95%CI: ?3.6 to ?1.2) and 12.4 (95%CI: ?22.1 to ?2.9) minutes less sedentary time the following day, respectively. These temporal associations were also observed when split by group (3.1 vs. 1.9 minutes for healthy and CF, respectively). These findings indicate that youth do not compensate their PA, irrespective of disease status, between days, but may compensate their sedentary time between days. Experimental studies are warranted to fully elucidate whether compensatory responses to PA and sedentary time occur, which is fundamental for informing PA promotion strategies. 相似文献
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以Web of Science引文索引数据库中的科学引文索引(Science Citation Index,即SCI)为基础,搜索2010-2018年期间,以久坐行为为研究主题的文献共820篇,利用科学知识图谱软件Cite SpaceⅢ对所获得文献进行科学计量和可视化分析,通过对久坐行为研究国家(地区)、主要研究作者、主要刊载期刊、主要研究热点与研究内容进行探讨,以揭示国外久坐行为的研究热点以及未来研究发展趋势。研究发现:现阶段国外久坐行为研究主要研究国家为美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和英国等发达国家;国外久坐行为领域高产作者合作联系较强,且高合作率与高产出率呈正相关;国外久坐行为研究热点主要集中在久坐行为生理机制研究、久坐行为与人体健康风险研究、久坐行为的测量与评估研究、久坐行为干预研究等方面。其中,如何提高久坐行为测量的精确性和干预的有效性,以及研究结果的应用性仍是未来重点研究方向。 相似文献
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Megan C. Nelson Katie Taylor 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(3):237-248
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate differences between estimates of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA) from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and accelerometry in undergraduate students. 91 students participated in the study. Sedentary behavior and PA were objectively measured by an accelerometer for 7 days and then self-reported with the IPAQ. Partial correlations were used to assess associations among PA variables and participant characteristics between the methods. Agreement was assessed via the Bland–Altman method. Correlation coefficients between self-reported and objectively measured PA ranged from 0.21 to 0.38 (p≤ 0.05 for all). A higher proportion of students were classified as meeting PA guidelines via self-report compared to objective measurements. Bland–Altman plots revealed acceptable agreement between methods, however, bias was evident for all PA intensities. Sex and lean body mass impacted these differences. Researchers should exercise caution when interpreting PA assessed via the IPAQ in undergraduate students. 相似文献
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Participation in youth sport is assumed to promote and contribute towards more physically active lifestyles among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine inter-participant variability in objectively measured habitual physical activity (PA) behaviours and sedentary time among youth sport participants and their implications for health. One-hundred-and-eighteen male youth sport footballers (Mean ± s = 11.72 ± 1.60) wore a GT3X accelerometer for 7 days. Average daily PA [min · day?1, in light (LPA), moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and combined moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)] and sedentary time were calculated. Participants’ body mass index adjusted for age and sex (BMI–standard deviation score), per cent body fat (BF%), waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness were assessed. Results revealed that variability in daily PA behaviours and sedentary time (min · day?1) was associated with BMI–standard deviation score [VPA (?), MVPA (?)], BF% [sedentary time (+), VPA (?), MVPA (?)], waist circumference [sedentary time (+), LPA (?)] and cardiorespiratory fitness [sedentary time (?), MPA (+), VPA (+), MVPA (+)]. Whilst sedentary time and MVPA were not related to health outcomes independent of one another, associations with markers of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness were stronger for sedentary time. Sedentary time was also significantly positively related to waist circumference independent of VPA. Results demonstrate inter-participant variability in habitual PA and sedentary time among youth sport participants which holds implications for their health. Thus, promoting PA and, in particular, reducing sedentary time may contribute towards the prevention of adverse health consequences associated with a physically inactive lifestyle for children and adolescents active in the youth sport context. 相似文献
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BackgroundNew research suggests that the composition (mix) of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health across the lifespan. Consistent with this integrated movement behavior paradigm, a number of countries across the world have developed and released 24-h movement guidelines for specific age groups. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors, or adherence to 24-h movement guidelines, and multiple health indicators across the lifespan.MethodsFive online databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies published between January 2015 and January 2020 that met the a priori inclusion criteria, with no study design limits. The methodological quality of research evidence for each individual study and for each health indicator was assessed by using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist.ResultsA total of 51 studies from 20 different countries met the inclusion criteria. A total of 31 studies examined adherence (meeting vs. not meeting) to 24-h movement guidelines, and 20 studies used compositional analyses to explore the 24-h time-use composition of movement behaviors. Findings indicated that meeting the 24-h movement guidelines were (1) not associated with adiposity among toddlers, (2) favorably associated with health-related quality of life, social-cognitive development, and behavioral and emotional problems among preschoolers, (3) favorably associated with global cognition, health-related quality of life, and healthy dietary patterns in children, and (4) favorably associated with adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, mental, social, and emotional health among children and youth. Significant associations were also found between the composition of 24-h movement behaviors and indicators of (1) adiposity and bone and skeletal health among preschoolers, (2) health-related quality of life among children, (3) adiposity, fitness, and cardiometabolic, social, and emotional health among children and youth, (4) cardiometabolic health in adults, (5) adiposity and fitness among adults and older adults, and (6) mental health and risk of mortality among older adults. The quality of the available evidence ranged from poor to good.ConclusionThe current evidence indicates that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for health at all ages and that meeting the current 24-h movement guidelines is associated with a number of desirable health indicators in children and youth. Future studies should employ longitudinal and experimental designs, include valid and reliable measures of 24-h movement behaviors, and examine a wide array of health indicators across all age groups. Such studies would confirm the results from the primarily cross-sectional evidence drawn from studies included in our review and further advance our understanding of the relationships between 24-h movement behaviors and health. 相似文献