共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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WolframManzenreiter 《体育学刊》2003,10(4):8-11
通过对日本足球体制与职业足球实践等方面的分析，探讨了体育运动全球化的理论框架．认为流行时尚和国内政治塑造了日本足球，推动了日本足球的全球化。还探讨了体育文化与政治决策如地区发展规划、城市政策、卫生政策、国家建设等因素之间的相互影响。 相似文献
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以传播学的经典理论为依据,以国内媒体的南非世界杯足球赛报道为例,运用文献资料法等对媒介体育的建构过程及其影响进行了阐述.媒体通过"议程设置"将足球世界杯打造成全民的狂欢盛典,但它也营造着与世界杯有关的"拟态真实",这对足球文化产生负面影响,主要体现在足球的游戏本性和足球文明的迷失等方面. 相似文献
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从管理模式、竞赛体系、学训安排、人才出路、师资力量、家校联动、经费支持、科学研究、硬件设施9个方面,全面分析日本东京都校园足球特点,认为：东京都校园足球实行制度化管理,教育部门与足协之间职责明确、通力合作;打造类型多样、参与面广、衔接合理的赛事体系;尊重学生运动爱好,开展多种运动项目教学,组建俱乐部集中训练;足球队员接受完整的文化教育,融入社会各行各业;得益于自身良性循环系统,校园足球师资队伍“数量足、质量高”;建立良好的家校联动机制,形成教育合力;教学训练依靠教育专项经费,竞赛依靠足协经费和市场赞助;根据日本球员身体特点,研究适合自身的战术体系;硬件设施条件一般,基本满足学训需要。我国校园足球取得了长足发展,进步有目共睹,但面临“体育系统弱教育”与“教育系统弱体育”导致的校园足球发展难题。借鉴日本成功范式,提出发展我国校园足球的启示：全面深化学校体育改革,丰富校园体育活动,用自然分流的方式让学生参与所爱的运动项目（包括足球）;加强足球科学研究,提高学训效果,提升竞赛观赏性;教育系统和体育系统要加强体制改革,创新联合机制,勇于破除制约校园足球发展的利益藩篱;“校园”彰显教育,“足球”象... 相似文献
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采用文献资料、专家访谈等方法分析日本足球职业联赛发展历程和内外部优势条件.主要结论:日本足球职业联赛主要划分为筹备草创、缓慢提高、高速发展、平稳前行四个发展阶段;内部优势因素主要包括管理先进、组织结构合理、市场认同、法制健全、青训体系完备、科研水平高;外部条件主要包括民族文化、引进外援、媒体宣传、校园足球、足球文化.对我国足球职业联赛发展的启示:发挥自身优势、密切联系实际、完善管理体制;提升科研水平、夯实青训基础、构建足球文化;拓宽宣传渠道、挖掘潜在市场、加强法制建设等. 相似文献
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日本足球在吸取西方足球文化的同时,加强自身足球体制的改革,形成了一整套训练、竞赛与管理体系。以发 展学校足球为突破口的战略是日本足球突飞猛进的内在因素。而我国足球运动的发展深受儒家文化的影响,中庸、轻武给 足球的发展带来了很大的负面作用,相比之下我们落伍了。 相似文献
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中日男子青少年足球后备人才培养状况的对比研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过广泛整理、查阅国内文献资料,对我国青少年足球后备人才培养的现状、体制、业余体校和足球学校等存在的问题进行分析,并与日本足球后备人才的培养现状进行对比,目的在于指出我国在足球后备人才培养上的不足之处,为探讨和展望中国足球未来提供理论依据和研究参考。 相似文献
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运用文献资料法等对亚洲足球的发展格局进行研究。研究发现:日本、韩国和"脱大入亚"的澳大利亚已经成为亚洲足球的旗帜,完全迈入世界二流强队的行列;日本和韩国的强势使亚洲足球的重心向东亚偏移;西亚两强沙特和伊朗的衰落使整个西亚足球处于群雄争霸的局面,但是侧面也反映了西亚足球的低迷状态;中亚地区的足球基础牢固,球队作风硬朗,战术纪律强,中亚领军队伍乌兹别克斯坦经常闯入亚洲大赛的四强;东南亚和南亚国家是亚洲足球发展的新兴力量,短期内对亚洲足球格局影响不大。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献