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目的：通过对北京市1-3年级（6-9岁）小学生身体素质各指标的测试,了解北京市1-3年级小学生身体素质的现状,以及身体素质在此期间随年龄的变化情况。结果：1-3年级小学生的身体素质随年龄的增长,男生和女生变化趋势大体相同,不同的身体素质指标,男生和女生的突变状况各不一样。结论：第一,北京市1-3年级小学生身体素质男生和女生随年龄年龄的增长,各素质指标都向好的趋势发展。第二,北京市小学1-3年级女生的灵敏素质,随年龄的增长并没有提高。 相似文献
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李天白 《西安体育学院学报》2004,21(3):67-70
通过对盐城市1985-2000年7-18岁年龄组中、小学生五项身体素质的分项研究,阐明江苏盐城市城乡中、小学生五项身体素质的发展动态;对照全国汉族学生的均值,分析盐城市中、小学生身体素质的发展状况,以及五项身体素质的均值指标在全国所处的位置,从而为盐城市学校体育工作的改进和指导提供参考依据。 相似文献
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近些年学生身体素质不断下滑。针对这一现象,各个学校对小学生积极开展了羽毛球课程。并且深受广大学生的喜爱。本文通过查找近些年相关文献的方式,对羽毛球运动在小学生身体素质方面产生的影响进行总结和分析,探讨如何通过羽毛球运动更好地为小学生身体素质的提高收集更多的理论依据。本文通过对于小学生进行羽毛球训练,浅析羽毛球运动对于学生身体素质的促进。 相似文献
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身体素质练习是小学体育课的主要教学内容之一。从事身体素质练习,对增进学生的健康,促进身体正常的发育生长起着重要的作用。此外,学生要掌握好基本技术、技能,也有赖于良好的身体素质基础。如何通过体育教学更好地发展小学生的身体素质,现谈谈我们的粗浅体会。一、有计划有针对性地全面发展身体素质小学生正处在身体生长发育时期,教师对小学生身体素质练习的安排,应该有长期的计划,循序渐进,持之以恒,合理地安排每次课的教学和身体素质练习内容,使学生的身体素质 相似文献
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利用“湖北省国民体质监测资料”的资料,分析2000年～ 2010年湖北省3～6岁幼儿身体素质变化趋势.结果显示,2000～ 2010年间湖北省3～6岁幼儿身体素质水平总体上呈增长的趋势,但提高的幅度较小;男性幼儿的柔韧及灵敏素质提高趋势略好于女性幼儿,女性幼儿力量爆发力提高趋势略好于男性幼儿;乡村幼儿总体身体素质提高趋势的水平略好于城镇幼儿. 相似文献
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本文通过1995年与1986年两次体质测试数据资料的分析,揭示了辽宁省中小学生10年间身体素质发展变化的趋势,探讨了不同地区问中小学生身体素质发展变化的特点与差异。 相似文献
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在学校体育课程中加入体能训练活动,可以提高小学生的身体素质,为小学生的全面发展奠定基础。文章首先介绍了小学生体能训练的重要性,其次阐述了在小学体育课程中开展体能训练的基本目标,最后重点阐述了体能训练的内容与方法,旨在帮助小学生提高身体素质,提升基本动作技能。 相似文献
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民办小学必须以提高小学生身体素质为根本出发点,只有加强小学生的身体素质教育,使小学生身体素质能够达到《学生体质健康标准》这一根本要求,才能使民办小学得到更长远的发展。因此对山西省民办小学贯彻《学生体质健康标准》测试工作的现状分析与对策研究,不但有助贯彻和落实《学生体质健康标准》测试工作,而且为山西省今后民办小学体育工作和贯彻《学生体质健康标准》测试工作提供制定政策的依据和数据支持。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献