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以系统观、知识观和能力观为基础,构建触发因素→技术搜寻→自主创新能力系统动力学模型.通过量化触发因素、技术搜寻和自主创新能力的关系和仿真模拟发现企业技术搜寻行为与自主创新能力的共演机制,在环境动荡性与创新意愿两大动因作用下,企业技术搜寻行为与自主创新能力共演过程有交互式和非线性特征;伴随自主创新能力从基础阶段发展到高级阶段,超前技术搜寻、新兴科学技术搜寻和新兴经验技术搜寻的作用逐渐增大,而成熟技术搜寻作用不断降低;环境动荡性对自主创新能力有负向调节作用,企业创新意愿对自主创新能力有正向调节作用. 相似文献
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对企业自主创新能力和技术搜寻行为进行细分,有助于企业寻求适配其自主创新能力发展阶段的技术搜寻策略.以系统观、知识观和能力观为基础构建"触发因素→技术搜寻→自主创新能力"的系统动力学模型,并利用Vensim软件对该模型进行仿真模拟,发现企业技术搜寻行为与自主创新能力的共演机制:(1)在环境动荡性与创新意愿两大动因作用下,企业技术搜寻行为与自主创新能力共演过程具有交互式和非线性特征;(2)伴随企业自主创新能力从基础阶段发展到高级阶段,超前技术搜寻、新兴科学技术搜寻和新兴经验技术搜寻的作用逐渐增大,而成熟技术搜寻作用不断降低;(3)环境动荡性对企业自主创新能力具有负向调节作用,企业创新意愿对自主创新能力具有正向调节作用.基于研究结论,提出在实践中企业需要根据自主创新能力发展阶段匹配相应技术搜寻策略,在技术搜寻过程中加强知识积累,注意自身内部调整与外部环境平衡,以及制定实施积极的创新意愿引导策略等对策建议. 相似文献
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新兴技术往往具有很大的不确定性、风险性和模糊性,在此情况下,新兴企业如何进行技术整合、探索新的技术领域;更具体地,这些企业如何构建自己的技术空间,到底是应该和行业的技术空间保持一致性呢,还是保持差异性？本文聚焦于"新兴企业如何构建技术空间"这一问题,从企业技术能力及其组合的角度切入,以489家战略性新兴产业企业为样本,研究发现,在不同的企业技术能力组合情境中,企业-行业的技术空间异质性对企业绩效具有差异化的影响。具体而言,在核心技术能力高、一般技术能力高的情境中,技术空间异质性对新兴企业绩效有显著的正向影响;在核心技术能力高、一般技术能力低的情境中,技术空间异质性与新兴企业绩效间呈倒U型关系;在企业核心技术能力低的情境中,无论新兴企业的一般能力是高还是低,技术空间异质性对新兴企业绩效均有显著的负向影响。本文的研究从技术能力组合的视角拓展了技术空间异质性的研究,也为新兴企业的技术空间构建问题提供启示。 相似文献
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搜索策略的选择对企业技术创新有重要影响。从生态学"适应性景观图"的视角出发,基于技术位这一概念构建"搜索范围、搜索深度、搜索价值"的三维分析框架,运用MATLAB将技术位落至实际操作层面,并以华为、思科2005—2015年申请的USPTO专利为例,描述2家企业技术搜索策略演化的特征及差异。通过分析可以看出,华为和思科均以本地搜索为主、远程搜索为辅,且思科的技术搜索价值普遍高于华为,技术布局更有影响力。搜索价值与搜索范围、搜索深度间的相互作用现象明显。对于高价值技术位的深入挖掘程度,两家企业均不够充分。 相似文献
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为进一步认识中国锂行业企业技术能力的影响路径及其机理,以提高中国在全球锂业及相关行业的竞争力,构建企业内部技术努力、企业外部技术获取、政府资助与企业技术能力间关系的理论模型,运用2010—2020年中国锂行业上市企业的面板数据,采用随机效用模型进行实证研究。结果表明：企业内部技术努力是锂行业企业技术能力提升的重要途径。其中,企业人力资本的促进作用大于企业内部研发强度;企业外部技术获取可能弱化甚至负向影响锂行业企业技术能力水平,原因可能在于中国锂资源的禀赋以及企业过分依赖国外技术不利于自主创新能力的提高;政府资助对锂行业企业技术能力提升具有显著正向影响,是促进企业技术能力提升的有效手段。 相似文献
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“市场换技术”政策实施效果评价——来自装备制造业的经验证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
"市场换技术"是我国外向型经济发展过程中实施的一项重要政策,对该政策的实施效果一直存在较大分歧。从行业技术进步和自主创新能力两个视角构建了"市场换技术"政策实施效果评价模型,并以装备制造业1997—2006年数据为样本进行了实证研究,得到如下结论:"市场换技术"政策增加了外商市场占有率,并带动了行业技术进步,但却抑制了本土装备制造企业自主创新能力的提升,说明"市场换技术"政策的实施效果并不理想。 相似文献
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“市场换技术”成功了吗?——基于中国汽车产业的经验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究发现,"市场换技术"的策略虽然促进了中国汽车产业规模的扩张,但是并未能推动技术能力的升级。本土汽车企业仍以模仿创新为主,自主创新能力与国外汽车企业之间仍然存在着较大的差距。实证检验的结果也表明,中国汽车产业仍处于粗放型的增长模式,经营绩效和自主创新能力之间的关联度较低。同时,中国产业政策的调整有利于推动汽车企业进行自主创新活动。 相似文献
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自主创新模式下企业技术能力提升机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
已有关于发展中国家企业技术能力提升方式的研究基本遵循"购买-吸收-创新"的模式,但事实证明,发展中国家企业通过自主创新也可以成功提升技术能力.采用理论和案例分析相结合的方法,通过对影响技术能力提升的企业内、外部诸因素的分析,解释了发展中国家企业通过自主创新模式提升技术能力的机理. 相似文献
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A research group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol-a chemical found in the skins of red grapes in red wine-can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin according to a report in the October issue of Cell Metabolism.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):14-15
Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Active biological molecules functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery disease diagnosis therapy new nanodevice construction.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):22-22
Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》2000,16(2):155-159
This essay focuses on universal service and the Internet as means to support social and political participation. The emphasis on access to telecommunications systems in conventional approaches to universal service is contrasted with access to content. A model of the information environment is described that accounts for the roles of content and conduit, both of which are necessary conditions to achieve true access. A method is outlined for employing information indicators to observe or measure the information environment. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献