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通过对相关文献的回顾,本文对国际网络隐私研究进行了计量分析,发现现有的研究主题集中在"基于移动位置服务的隐私问题研究"、"隐私保护算法研究"、"隐私保护技术研究"、"云计算的隐私安全研究"、"网络隐私权限控制研究"、"社交网站和电子商务中的用户隐私态度与行为研究"、"青少年敏感信息的隐私与安全保护研究"、"数据公开共享策略与国家治理研究"8个方面。研究发现当前研究中存在"利用数据纵向分析网络隐私主题随时间发展变化的研究较少"、"对于一些发展中国家的隐私问题关注度较低"、"国家的治理与业界的隐私政策相对独立缺乏联系"等问题,"大数据时代移动信息和社交信息挖掘过程中的隐私问题"、"在线医疗的隐私问题"等是未来研究值得关注的领域。 相似文献
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Pandelis Perakakis is a clinical psychophysiologist, an active advocate of green open access and a proponent of a new research evaluation model called ‘author-guided peer review’. In 2012, he and others founded Open Scholar, a not-for-profit community organization concerned with the way scientists and the rest of the world access research. Its flagship project is LIBRE (LIBerating REsearch). Michael Taylor is a mathematician working on the impact of aerosols and the use of satellites for weather forecasting. 相似文献
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文章以中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）为数据源,以发表在CSSCI和核心期刊的2004-2013年有关开放存取的507篇文献为研究对象,对其进行年代分析,研究发现：2004-2008年开放存取研究呈现迅猛增长趋势,2009-2013年开放存取的研究趋势平稳,因此文章将开放存取的发展分为2个阶段,即开放存取研究的第一个阶段（2004-2008年）、开放存取研究的第二个阶段（2009-2013年）。利用关键词共现分析方法分析我国开放存取在每个阶段的研究热点,并采用社会网络分析方法分析开放存取文献的高产作者,以透析国内开放存取领域的研究热点和作者合作团体,从多方面揭示国内开放存取的发展现状和研究趋势。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(4):533-545
User related issues have long been broadly discussed in the information system development (ISD) project research area. In this study, we focus on user risk and identify two risk countering approaches to demonstrate how to deal with user risk and its negative impact on ISD projects. We hypothesize that (1) user risk has a negative impact on project performance, (2) users’ bond with the project and the development team can help reduce user risk, and (3) developers’ task knowledge and vertical coordination can ease the negative impact of user risk and increase project performance. A quantitative approach with survey data collected from 240 practitioners confirmed our hypotheses. In addition, we interviewed seven developers and three user representatives to complete our understanding of this issue. Implications for academia and practitioners are discussed at the end of this paper. Suggestions for future research directions are also provided. 相似文献
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开放存取期刊在发展中国家的分布与探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对全球两大开放存取期刊数据库--开放存取期刊目录(Directory of Open Access Journals,DOAJ)与开放存取期刊门户(Open J-Gate)中的开放存取期刊的来源进行统计,通过揭示发展中国家开放存取期刊的国家分布,进一步探讨巴西、印度及中国等发展中国家开放存取期刊的出版状况及发展趋势. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]旨在研究基于开放获取的高校科研成果知识库的构建。[方法/过程]介绍了开放获取与高校科研成果知识库相融合的基础,论述了基于开放获取的高校科研成果知识库构建要素,在剖析已有开放获取的高校科研成果知识库实例的基础上,提出了创新性的基于开放获取的高校科研成果知识库构建方案。[结果/结论]开放获取有效地促进了高校科研成果知识库的构建,拓宽了科研成果传播的渠道,促进科研工作的资料共享。 相似文献
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The paper describes empirical findings on how openness is realized in practical innovation projects involving different organizations. The purpose of the study is to increase the understanding of how openness should be managed in the various forms of inter-organizational innovation development. The main research interest is in how openness is manifested in developing innovations with different organizations involved in inter-organizational innovation projects. Subsidiary research questions are: ‘What is open?’, ‘To whom is it open?’ and ‘How open is it?’. The study applied qualitative case study methodology, and empirical data were collected by semi-structured interviews with management personnel in 40 organizations in Finland and the Netherlands. The findings reveal that openness in innovation is a multifaceted issue that can have very different meanings in different contexts. In the context of the study, the answer to the first sub-question (‘What is open?’) is obvious. It is the innovation project; its input, process and outcome. As for ‘To whom is it open?’, interviewees made a clear distinction between projects with known actors and projects that may include unknown actors. Answering ‘How open is the project?’, one can distinguish between different projects according to which attribute best describes the openness of the project – readable, usable, or modifiable. Answers to the three sub-questions conceptualize the issue of openness in inter-organizational innovation development and can be considered theoretical conclusions of the study. By combining the answers, five characteristic levels of openness in inter-organizational innovation were derived as practical implications of the study for R&;D and innovation management. 相似文献
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数字信息资源开放存取中的法律规范是实现数字信息资源共享的前提。《布达佩斯开放存取计划》中对开放存取的定义使用户在使用该文献时不受经济、法律或技术的限制产生了歧义,导致数字信息资源开放存取行为在实践中经常出现纠纷,引发了一些法律问题。本文对数字信息资源开放存取的法律客体问题、开放存取过程中保持文献的完整性问题、权利人的利益保护问题、复制权问题、合理使用问题以及适当引用问题进行了分析。 相似文献
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This article describes an epochal review of research literature on practice-oriented digital health ecosystems that have emerged during the period between 1998 and 2018. Practice-orientation refers to efforts that have resulted in positive impact and transformations in the delivery of healthcare. The review is epochal in the sense that there have been 3 major stages of innovation and diffusion in digital health that are identified. The year 1998 was deemed a significant starting point for the literature search because it marked the introduction of the term e-health. The main objective of this review is to track the evolution of digital health and the conspicuous developments in the field - crucial steps to get a grasp of the key issues involving the delivery of healthcare. The article includes a general discussion of these various key issues and sensitizing concepts. The sense-making thus shed some light on the areas of enquiry, which are central to identifying the direction in which the practice of healthcare is headed. These areas of enquiry often referred to as ‘substantive areas’ in qualitative research terminology, were identified as ‘electronic medical records’, ‘health cloud’, ‘data analytics’, ‘Internet-enabled devices’, and other ‘emerging information technologies’. The article concludes with a synthesis of key inferences drawn from the epochal review. The digital disruption of healthcare has created necessary conditions for its offering as a global, interoperable service. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]作为国家治理方式之一的开放政府数据，正在全国城市中扩散，本文旨在研究开放政府数据在我国城市层面的时空演进规律和政策扩散机制。[方法/过程]将城市内部特征和外部因素整合成一个理论框架，对2012-2018年间40座城市的面板数据进行事件史分析。[结果/结论]研究发现，开放政府数据政策扩散在时间维度上经历了缓慢扩散期和迅速扩散期；在空间维度具有邻近效应、梯度效应和集聚效应；在扩散路径呈现纵向"吸纳——辐射"和横向"竞争——学习"两种特征；在扩散机理上，受多重因素影响，其中制度环境与竞争压力的影响最大。[创新/价值]研究揭示了开放政府数据政策扩散的影响因素与规律，丰富了现有研究，为开放政府数据进一步扩散提供了经验证据。 相似文献
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Open data is considered an important resource to stimulate innovation and create economic and social value. Open data researchers have examined the importance of data publication by public bodies, but in contrast, much less attention has focused on how open data is exploited. In this paper, we aim to provide insight into the actions of platforms to assist open data exploitation by transformational entrepreneurs, which systemically facilitate transformation in socio-economic development. Our findings investigate two types of mechanism, reflecting the openness of the data movement and the competitive commercial need for closure. First, inclusion mechanisms are social mechanisms of the open data ecosystem which seek to attract a broad range of potential collaborators through supporting entrepreneurs to innovate with open data. Second, exclusion mechanisms are deployed to filter collaborators, to identify those who are seen by platforms to be more likely to successfully exploit their data, or develop revenue sharing relationships. We reveal how these mechanisms are used at different stages of the innovation process, to initially attract a wide pool of collaborators, before seeking to reduce them to better target limited resources. Despite ‘openness’ being a key requirement of open data publication, for successful transformational entrepreneur exploitation, it requires dimensions of closure. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]开放数据政策协同推动和保障了数据资源的开放获取,政策协同视角下开放数据政策研究的经验和成果,可以为图书开放获取政策协同的理论和实践研究提供借鉴。[方法/过程]在分析开放数据内涵和开放数据政策分类的基础上,阐述了开放数据政策协同的具体措施,并对图书开放获取及图书开放获取政策进行了分析。[结果/结论]结合政策协同理念与图书开放获取的实际情况,从管理政策协同、利益分配政策协同和技术政策协同三方面提出了图书开放获取政策构建中的政策协同措施。 相似文献
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开放存取是图书馆学情报学近年来研究的重要主题和热点，文献计量是研究图书馆学的重要方法，文章统计出近五年17种图书馆学情报学核心期刊关于开放存取栽文，分析其总发文量，年均发文量，主题研究等情况，探讨我国开放存取研究和发展动态。 相似文献
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关于"开放存取"运动在中国推动方式的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
“开放存取”是一种新型的学术交流模式,有利于科技信息的自由流动与传播.在分析国内外开放存取发展所面临的主要问题的基础上,从提高社会认同度,发展开放存取期刊,鼓励建立开放存取文库,加大数据库的建设与维护力度等方面对于如何推动“开放存取”在中国的发展进行了探讨,旨在促进我国科技信息的共享,打造良好的科研环境,提高全民科学素养. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(3):150-154
Open data aims to unlock the innovation potential of businesses, governments, and entrepreneurs, yet it also harbours significant challenges for its effective use. While numerous innovation successes exist that are based on the open data paradigm, there is uncertainty over the data quality of such datasets. This data quality uncertainty is a threat to the value that can be generated from such data. Data quality has been studied extensively over many decades and many approaches to data quality management have been proposed. However, these approaches are typically based on datasets internal to organizations, with known metadata, and domain knowledge of the data semantics. Open data, on the other hand, are often unfamiliar to the user and may lack metadata. The aim of this research note is to outline the challenges in dealing with data quality of open datasets, and to set an agenda for future research to address this risk to deriving value from open data investments. 相似文献
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Reza Rajabiun 《The Information Society》2019,35(2):81-94
AbstractAs access to the Internet has become increasingly essential for social and economic participation, public domain Internet measurements have become indispensable for users to validate quality of service their network operator delivers and for policymakers to identify and address gaps in broadband infrastructure. This article evaluates public domain Internet performance measurements available for assessing the state of connectivity and developing universal access service quality standards in Canada. The analysis suggests that different approaches to Internet measurement represent complementary windows into a complex and fast evolving reality of broadband connectivity. Despite their potential shortcomings, large-scale crowdsourced open data network testing platforms have a central role to play in enabling broadband infrastructure policy coordination across different levels of government, empowerment of consumers, and achievement of universal service objectives for quality of service users experience when accessing the open Internet. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(4):668-672
Public agencies around the globe are liberating their data. Drawing on a case of Data.gov, we outline the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the liberation of public data. Data.gov is an online portal that provides open access to datasets generated by US public agencies and countries around the world in a machine-readable format. By discussing the challenges and opportunities faced by Data.gov, we provide several lessons that can inform research and practice. We suggest that providing access to open data in itself does not spur innovation. Specifically, we claim that public agencies need to spend resources to improve the capacities of their organizations to move toward ‘open data by default’; develop capacities of community to use data to solve problems; and think critically about the unintended consequences of providing access to public data. We also suggest that public agencies need better metrics to evaluate the success of open-data efforts in achieving its goals. 相似文献