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1.
采用高效液相色谱法对3种不同发酵类型的茶叶中茶多酚的含量进行测定和比较分析.方法的变异系数小于4.38%,回收率为96.6%~104.0%.其分析结果为:3种不同发酵类型的茶叶中茶多酚的含量由多到少的顺序为:不发酵的绿茶,半发酵青茶,全发酵红茶,即茶叶中茶多酚的含量随着发酵程度增大而减少.  相似文献   

2.
现代发酵工程展望   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
介绍了微生物工程的概念、发展史,现代发酵工程的特点、操作步骤和发酵方式,以及现代发酵工程技术的应用现状,并对现代发酵工程技术的未来进行了展望.  相似文献   

3.
对利用三孢布拉霉发酵法生产天然β-胡萝卜素的方法中的种子培养基和发酵培养基进行了优化.选用淀粉培养基,用乙酸乙酯为溶剂发酵,淀粉含量为2.3%,pH值为6.6时,发酵单位提高94.21%.  相似文献   

4.
为了得到木菌液体发酵的最佳工艺条件,通过单因子试验和多因子正交试验,对木菌的液体发酵工艺条件进行研究.实验结果表明:木菌液体发酵的最佳条件是3.5%可溶性淀粉,0.35%的牛肉膏,接种量为8%,温度27℃,摇瓶转速110r·min^-1,最佳发酵时间是7d.  相似文献   

5.
地方新建本科院校发酵工程课程教学存在师资力量不足、课程设置有偏差、理论教育落后和学生素质良旁不齐等问题,影响了发酵工程课程教学质量.要提高发酵工程教学质量,必须建立适合地方本科院校的教学、实践和研究三位一体的教育模式.主要做好四项工作:优化发酵工程课程课堂教学、强化发酵工程教学理论研究、强化工程实践和创建科学的学生评价体系.  相似文献   

6.
主要对固定化酵母的条件及女贞子果酒的发酵工艺进行了研究.采用正交实验法设计优化苹果发酵时酵母的固定化条件为:海藻酸钠浓度为3%,氯化钙浓度为3%,固定化时间为6h.通过对初始糖度及女贞子加入量的单因素实验得出:当初始糖度为18%、女贞子加入量为10g/300mL时,发酵速度较快且具有良好的风味.  相似文献   

7.
采用超声波法从不同发酵类型的茶叶中提取原花青素化合物,通过正交实验确定了最佳提取条件,并建立了原花青素的光谱分析方法.方法的回收率为99.15%~104.50%,相对标准偏差小于1.27%.结果表明,3种不同发酵类型的茶叶中原花青素的含量情况是:不发酵的绿茶含量最多,其次是半发酵青茶,全发酵红茶含量最少.  相似文献   

8.
红薯味酸牛奶的发酵工艺研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本实验利用从超市购得的原味的酸牛奶作为接种菌种,与打浆、糊化、糖化后的红薯浆混合,经过发酵及后发酵,得到特有具有红薯芳香的新型酸牛奶.通过实验研究,得出红薯酸牛奶发酵的最佳工艺条件为:原料乳、蔗糖量、接种量、红薯浆量所占体积分别为50%、8%、15%、27%;发酵时间为4小时,发酵温度为40℃.  相似文献   

9.
甜酒酿酿制工艺优化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用市售黄酒酒曲,以糯米为原料,采用中温发酵的原汁发酵工艺,将糯米酿制成甜酒酿.选择温度、酒曲量及是否活化酒曲等指标进行对比实验,以发酵质量(酒精度、酸度、糖度等)、口感及风味、酿制成熟时间为标准,品尝评价,从而优化酿制工艺.试验表明,采用活化酒曲工艺,有利于稳定甜酒酿酿制的质量,发酵的合适温度范围广,28℃左右酿制成熟的品质好.  相似文献   

10.
为探索木质素的生物降解新途径,采用平板显色法从三株白腐真菌中筛选出一株灵芝属漆酶高产菌,以农作物秸秆等为培养基进行固态发酵,该菌主要产漆酶和少量木质素过氧化物酶.在优化条件下,该菌发酵18d,漆酶活力最高达2056U/g干曲.该菌以玉米秸秆、油菜秸秆及稻草作为唯一营养源固态发酵30d,对玉米秸秆的木质素降解率最大,达到23.7%,油菜秸秆也达到了16.2%.  相似文献   

11.
大气甲烷源和汇的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
甲烷是重要的温室气体之一,其单分子增温潜势约是CO2的62倍,目前大气CH4的浓度约为1.7ppm。甲烷的主要自然源包括反刍动物和一些昆虫的肠发酵及淹水土壤的有机物的厌氧分解。人类源包括煤燃烧、天然气泄漏、热带植物燃烧及垃圾填埋场.包括垃圾填埋场在内,土壤的CH4排放量约占全球CH4产生量的45%。  相似文献   

12.
太阳能沼气池远程测控系统研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
长期以来,农村沼气池普遍存在着冬季产气率低的问题,如何提高户用沼气池冬季产气量,是当前沼气池建设中面临的主要问题。针对这一问题将太阳能集热系统与厌氧发酵装置相结合,研究设计太阳能加热的沼气发酵系统,同时针对现有沼气池环境监测普遍采用人工方式,耗时耗力易受干扰且准确度不高的问题,实现了基于Lab VIEW技术的沼气池厌氧发酵环境变量实时采集与远程监控系统,提高了监控的实时性与准确度。  相似文献   

13.
INTRODUCTION Livestock is one of the largest sources of meth-ane emission with 80~115 million tons produced peryear, equivalent to 15%~20% of total anthropogenicmethane (IPCC, 2001). The global cattle population isresponsible for 73% of methane emissions of alllivestock, and methane produced during ruminalfermentation represents a loss of 2%~15% of grossenergy intake and may contribute to global warming(Johnson and Johnson, 1995). Many researches hadbeen carried out to find ways to low…  相似文献   

14.
The presence of yeast cells could stimulate hydrogen utilization of acetogens and enhance acetogenesis. To understand the roles of acetogens in rumen fermentation, an in vitro rumen fermentation experiment was conducted with addition of acetogen strain (TWA4) and/or Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (XP). A 2×2 factorial design with two levels of TWA4 (0 or 2×107 cells/ml) and XP (0 or 2 g/L) was performed. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were increased (P<0.05) in XP and TWA4XP, while methane was increased only in TWA4XP (P<0.05). The increase rate of microorganisms with formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, especially acetogens, was higher than that of methanogens under all treatments. Lachnospiraceae was predominant in all acetogen communities, but without close acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS) amino acid sequences from cultured isolates. Low-Acetitomaculum ruminis-like ACS was predominant in all acetogen communities, while four unique phylotypes in XP treatment were all amino acid identified low-Eubacterium limosum-like acetogens. It differs to XP treatment that more low-A. ruminis-like and less low-E. limosum-like sequences were identified in TWA4 and TWA4XP treatments. Enhancing acetogenesis by supplementation with an acetogen strain and/or yeast cells may be an approach to mitigate methane, by targeting proper acetogens such as uncultured low-E. limosum-like acetogens.  相似文献   

15.
为了阐明铁炉渣对稻田甲烷减排的有效性及机制,在介绍了铁炉渣甲烷减排技术的基础上,重点以福州平原稻田为研究区域,采用静态箱法对铁炉渣施加对稻田甲烷排放的影响进行了测定并分析了甲烷减排有效性。结果表明,铁炉渣可有效地减缓稻田甲烷排放,并随着铁炉渣施加浓度从2 mg/hm2增加到8 mg/hm2,其减排效率逐渐增强,特别是对甲烷排放峰值的减排效率最为明显;除了铁受体调节稻田甲烷减排外,pH的变化也在控制甲烷排放的效率上起着重要作用。研究成果可为铁炉渣抑制技术在稻田甲烷减排中的广泛应用提供实验和理论依据。  相似文献   

16.
煤巷掘进工作面是最容易发生瓦斯事故的地方,有效地做好瓦斯预警工作将为煤巷快速掘进提供安全保障;根据瓦斯流动理论,通过对机械化快速掘进煤巷的考察研究,对瓦斯的涌出来源和规律进行了统计分析;建立了其相关的瓦斯涌出预测模型;为煤巷快速掘进工作面瓦斯预警和治理技术提供参考。  相似文献   

17.
静态箱法在甲烷排放及稻田甲烷减排策略研究中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为揭示天然湿地与稻田甲烷排放特征的差异,采用静态箱法对闽江河口天然湿地和稻田甲烷排放特征进行了比较,并探讨了水旱轮作的甲烷减排模式。结果表明:早稻田平均甲烷排放量为17.03 mg/m2.h,高于相应季节的天然芦苇沼泽甲烷排放量(7.47 mg/m2.h);天然湿地和稻田土壤理化特征差异是导致甲烷排放量不同的主要原因;早稻田甲烷排放量日变化主要受温度影响,而潮汐是影响天然芦苇沼泽的关键因素;水旱轮作可有效降低稻田甲烷排放。  相似文献   

18.
大气甲烷的微生物产生与消耗   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过对土壤甲烷产生的微生物过程的分析,揭示了土壤中甲烷的产生主要是土壤有机质厌氧分解的末端产物,在有氧时,则易被甲烷氧化菌氧化成二氧化碳。阐述了土壤的甲烷主要来自于湿地、稻田和垃圾填埋场等,据估算其排放量占每年全球甲烷产生量的一半左右。在通气良好的土壤中,大气甲烷的氧化占全球甲烷吸收总量的10%左右。提出了土壤是大气甲烷的源还是汇,主要取决于土壤甲烷产生与甲烷氧化的活动的相对速率。  相似文献   

19.
A co-reaction of methane with methanol over zeolite catalysts has emerged as a new approach to the long-standing challenge of methane transformation. However, the effect of catalyst acid properties on the co-reaction has been rarely studied. In this study, a series of HZSM-5 zeolites with comparable diffusion abilities and various acidities were synthesized directly through steaming with 100% water vapor at 693 K. The co-reaction of methane and methanol was subsequently evaluated. Br?nsted acidity at 0.262 mmol/g was detected to reach the maximum methane conversion of 5.42% at 673 K, which was also the odd point in the relationship between acid concentration and C4 hydrogen transfer index. Moreover, the influence of methanol feed was investigated over parent and steamed ZSM-5 catalyst, with results showing that excessive acid sites or methanol molecules reduce methane conversion. It is proposed that acid sites adsorbed with methanol molecules construct the methane activation sites. Hence, a proper design of zeolite acidity should be achieved to obtain higher methane conversion in the co-reaction process.  相似文献   

20.
Steam-reforming is an effective approach for upgrading methane and hydrocarbon of coke-oven gas into CO and H2, but the kinetic behavior needs more study. We investigated the conversion of methane in coke-oven gas by steam reforming process in an electric tubular flow at 14 kPa with temperature varying from 500 °C to 950 °C, and developed a kenetic model for , ignoring the effects of adsorption and diffusion. The optimal dynamic conditions for methane conversion 14 kPa are as follows:the ratio of the amount of water to the amount of methane is from 1.1 to 1.3;the reaction temperature is from 1 223 K to 1 273 K. The methane conversion rate is larger than 95% when the ratio of the amount of water to the amount of methane is 1.2 at a temperature above 1 223 K with the residence time up to 0.75 s.  相似文献   

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