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当代中国政府治理范式的变迁机理与革新进路 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我国全能型政府治理范式的生成以及向体制转轨中政府治理范式的变迁,是经济体制、社会结构、政治时局诸多因素共同作用的产物;构建“政府主导—官民协同”的多中心社会公共事务治理范式,是我国可预见未来政府治理范式革新的目标取向。实现这一目标,需要做长期、艰苦的努力。在当前和今后一个时期,应当着力于建立“强政府—大社会”结构,促进经济体制改革、行政体制改革、政治体制改革三者的良性互动以及建设“管理—服务型政府”。 相似文献
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20世纪以来美国教师教育基于“问题意识”,经历了从“课程设置”“教师培训”“教师学习”到“教育政策”研究范式的演变.本文通过对其历史动因的考察,结合研究和实践两个维度分析它们的社会价值、国家价值和教育价值.作者认为,反观美国教师教育研究范式演变过程有利于审视我国当前教师教育存在的问题,促进职前和在职教师教育一体化研究与实践. 相似文献
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从“教学结构”到学生“主体性”的培养——对教育技术理论建构的哲学思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
形成、发挥和提升学生的主体性是近代教育的主题,也是教育技术的主题。学生的主体性在什么样的教学结构中形成、发挥和提升的问题不仅是建构、推演教育技术理论的“原点”,也是当代教育哲学关注的焦点。传统的“以教师为中心”的教学结构和以“学生为中心”的教学结构,虽然前者把学生当作客体,后者把学生当作主体,但是其教育哲学的思维范式是一致的——“主体—客体”思维范式。在这一思维范式的引领下,虽然把学生作为主体来形成,但是又把学生作为客体来认识,认识到的是学生客体发展的规律而不是学生主体的发展规律。学生的主体性应该在“主体间”思维范式的引领下,在“主体—主导”教学结构中形成、发挥和提升。因此,教育技术的理论建构必须以合适技术支持的“主体—主导”教学结构为基点进行拓展和丰富。 相似文献
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刘歌德 《衡阳师范学院学报》2009,30(5):37-41
在中国改革开放过程中,产生形成了“三个有利于”标准的观点。“三个有利于”标准观点是马克思主义哲学中国化一个创新观点。“三个有利于”标准观点集中体现了马克思主义哲学实践观点和标准、生产力观点和生产力标准、人民群众观点和人民利益标准三者的辩证统一。“三个有利于”标准是检验改革开放得失成败,一切工作是非得失的全面标准。 相似文献
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各级各类高校所开展的创业教育必须厘清利益相关者的内涵与类型,将利益相关者群体对创业教育的价值创造、关系模式、需求属性纳入高校组织创新与变革的过程中。"组织变革与创新""利益相关者分析"应当成为高校创业教育整体推进的基础。高校创业教育发展的核心竞争要素是不断提高科学研究水平,培养学生的创新能力,这也需要不断创新和变革高校创业教育的组织结构与组织运行方式。文章将系统探讨高校创业教育的组织创新、治理结构、行为策略等方面的问题,结合实证研究与案例研究的结果,对我国高校创业教育"政府—社会—高校—个人"多元主体、广泛参与、良性互动的组织运行机制的形成做出一定的贡献。为了满足不同利益相关者的需求及提升服务经济社会发展的能力,高等学校对大学生实施创新创业教育,并对其进行组织变革,使之符合创业教育发展的要求。 相似文献
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由于信息技术革命,人类社会进入了"加速时代",经济与技术范式随之发生深刻变革。在新的经济与技术范式中,为实现创新驱动发展,知识与教育的地位将显著提升。当前面对信息技术革命、知识经济和创新创业的多重挑战,为避免机构失灵,旧的大学范式需要向新的范式转变。在基于知识的经济和社会里,创新创业的成败将成为影响经济繁荣与社会进步关键的因素,大学需要以正确的方式做正确的事。作为驱动工业社会向后工业社会转型的"轴心机构",大学只有选择"创新创业"才能成就真正的卓越。 相似文献
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在当前我国教育研究创新乏力的情况下,确立一种新的教育研究范式取向,将成为我国教育研究创新的突破口。鉴于我国教育研究者对研究范式重视不够,对科学实证研究范式过于迷信和信仰等问题,又由于当代社会主流思维方式转换、教育过程的本性和我国传统教育探究理趣使然,必然要确立我国教育研究范式的人文主义取向。以人文主义研究范式作为我国教育研究范式的新取向,必须重视本土化问题,为此,应处理好传统与现代、外来与本土、本研究范式与其他研究范式的关系。 相似文献
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王灵玲韩竹 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2023,(6):51-56
针对创新创业素养训练过程中面临的结构失衡、运行失调等问题,宁波职业技术学院根据社会及产业发展需求,充分考虑学生的个性化发展需求,建立了虚实结合的“双创”素养训练基地。同时与多领域产业协同构建了以“共享创新创业知识资源”为核心,以“类比案例激发学生创新”为基础的标准化“双创”人才培养过程范式,促进创新创业知识资源的共享和整合,打造跨学科、个性化的创新创业培养模式。 相似文献
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借助拉卡托斯的结构性思想,可知技术范式的内容中存在“硬核”与“保护带”二层结构,分别作为技术范式形成的技术支撑和技术社会运行的信息“传送带”。通过打开技术范式内部结构,可更为清晰的整理与展现技术范式与社会制度之间存在紧密互动与协同发展的关系:首先,社会制度通过参与技术范式二层结构内容的建构,完成对技术范式属性的干预;其次,技术范式作为一种制度性事实,在构成性规则的迭代规律运行下,既可以因其形成的需求促逼制度的建构,又可以作为一种制度背景塑造制度的更新。由此,技术范式形成过程对制度的需求以及对制度建构释放的效用,可以共同理解为技术范式的制度属性。 相似文献
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从高职院校创新创业教育工作高质量发展的工作目标出发,创建了健康服务类高职院校学生与专业高度融合的课程、讲堂、训练、竞赛和成果孵化“五位一体”的双创教育教学体系;搭建创新、创意、创造、创业“四创融合”的双创支撑平台;构建了校校协同、校地协同、校企协同“三个协同”双创育人机制。把高职院校“五四三”创新创业教育体系构建范式纳入人才培养方案、“双创”大赛育人成绩在省内高职院校有效示范与引领的佳绩进行实证研究,以期给同类学校做实践参考与模式复制。 相似文献
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深圳作为一座移民城市,在建设现代化、国际化先进城市的进程中,对人口素质也有了更高的要求。提升全民素质,特别是在职劳动者的技能和素质,具有十分重要的现实意义和实践价值。通过总结发达国家和国内发达地区提升公民技能和素质的成功经验,结合深圳的经济社会发展和人力资源状况,依托深圳电大“中职-电大直通车”、“开放教育校企合作模式”、“学分银行”和“社区教育”等办学创新及特色,整合深圳市现有的教育资源,提出符合深圳实际的全民素质提升计划,并给出具体目标及相应的推行思路。 相似文献
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“Digital transformation of education” is a hot topic of present educational reform and the development tendency of future educational innovation. Digital transformation of education, as a process stressing technology-driven educational innovation and reform, boasts the importance of development in its birth and practice. It is driven jointly by social and cultural transitions, the impetus of technical innovation, the guidance of national policies, and the endogenous development of the education system. The logic of practice of the transformation can be regarded as the behavior choice dominated by value and intentions, and the underlying generation principles in practice comprise the “problem-driven + concept-led” principle, the “system evolution + innovative breakthrough” principle, and the “value assessment + iterative optimization” principle. At present, under the background of constructing the new ecology of a smart society and a high-quality education system, and under the pressure of COVID-19 pandemic, the transformation faces golden development opportunities. Nonetheless, the present transformation practice still has some differences from the expected value orientation. Therefore, it is required to research and develop a mature digital education model or framework, carry out a national digital education preparation campaign, work for pilot schemes for the transformation at all levels and of all kinds, attach importance to theoretical research on education relating to the digital transformation of education, and more actively embrace the new wave of educational reform worldwide. 相似文献
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《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2012,48(5-6):757-784
Internationalism became one of the keywords in the international intellectual and political debates at the end of the nineteenth century. As a political, cultural and social movement it also included science and education. The desire for international cooperation and global understanding was caused by the growing economic interdependence in the world and the threat to peace by nationalistic politics of the imperialistic powers. Within the context of discipline formation and fragmentation, cultural critique, social reform and pacifist movements, academic educationists, teachers and educational and social reformers in various countries tried to establish an international network to promote scientific cooperation, peace, mutual understanding and professional collaboration. In this article, the author will try to place the phenomenon of internationalism within the context of the formation of educational sciences in the early twentieth century. Drawing from the example of other scientific disciplines at this time, such as geography, meteorology and physics, one can assume that the internationalizing of education also increased its professional and scientific standards. The “disciplinarization process”1 of educational sciences was closely intertwined with the genesis of an international scientific network through special institutions. In order to investigate this assumption, the genesis, structure, contents and effects of international cooperation in the field of education in the first decades of the twentieth century will be considered. This international cooperation took on different shapes. It included, among others, the international exchange of teachers and students, international educational exhibitions, international congresses, transnational institutions, multilateral standardization and international journals. The focus will be on the main agents of institutionalized internationalization, namely international congresses and associations, and individual forms of international communication and cooperation will therefore not be dealt with. The article begins with a short overview of the different kinds of international educational congresses. Two types of internationalization within this institutional setting will then be introduced: the research‐oriented, “scientifically” based model of academic educationists (“new educational sciences”) and the instruction and reform‐oriented, “politically and morally” based model of a social movement (New Education). Finally the geographical extension of internationalization will be analyzed briefly before the main argument is set out in the concluding remarks, namely that the internationalization of education through international institutions found its driving force in moral and political assumptions of the teaching profession and its goals of school reform within the New Education rather than in an international scientific paradigm of the academic “new educational sciences”. 相似文献
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毛勒堂 《北京教育学院学报》2020,(2):44-51
市场是人类以交换为媒介和载体实现自我利益尤其是经济利益最大化的存在形式。市场精神则是内在于市场主体中的精神气质、价值理念、思维原则、心理意识,其基本内容主要包括逐利精神、自主精神、平等精神、竞争精神和创新精神。市场精神具有双重效应,既有促进经济效率、催生独立人格、唤醒平等意识、激发创造发明等积极效应,也有引发无限贪婪野心、公共意识冷漠、经济紊乱、贫富悬殊等消极后果。因此,我们需要批判检审市场精神,进而辩证对待和匡扶市场精神。在此过程中,政府要有效担负起应有的职责,处理好自身与市场的关系,从而实现"有效市场"和"有为政府"的有机统一,历史地促进中国人民美好生活的实现。 相似文献
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Elizabeth Bullen Jane Kenway 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2006,27(1):53-68
The knowledge economy is a dominant force in today's world, and innovation policy and national systems of innovation are central to it. In this article, we draw on different sociological and economic theories of risk to engage critically with innovation policy and national systems of innovation. Beck's understanding of a risk society, Schumpeter's innovation thesis, and Perez's techno-economic paradigm are used to consider the risk economy, and the broader risk implications of knowledge economy policies and their associated innovation systems. Derrida's theory of haunting provides the methodological framework for our discussion. We use his notion of “hauntology” to conceptualize the risk economy as a ghost that haunts knowledge economy policies and systems. The spectral risk economy draws attention to the inherent instability of the knowledge economy, and challenges the certainty of its economic dogma by offering an alternative perspective. The risk economy problematizes knowledge economy policies and systems by revealing the uncertain and “undecidable” future of social, political and cultural hazards ignored in the interest of commercial gain. 相似文献
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段文杰孔俨偲左登琴 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(3):74-081
在“一带一路”和构建人类命运共同体的背景下,世界各国之间的文化交流更趋频繁与深入,基于文化交流的人才培养模式探索显得格外重要。高校文化类课程的教学,在文化交流人才的培养中起着非常重要的作用,但文化类课程传统的教学模式难以适应文化交流人才的培养,亟需改革。从提高文化交流实际能力提高的要求出发,对文化类课程采取反向设计、转变课程教学目标、改革课堂教学和课程考核方式方法等措施,改变文化交流人才的培养模式,才能更好地培养具有国际化视野的文化交流人才。 相似文献
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SHEN Junru GUO Shaoqing HE Xiangchun WANG Dong WANG Jiayang 《Frontiers of Education in China》2022,17(3):404
The educational practice of pre-service teachers is an essential part of teacher training. As an important form of educational practice, volunteer teaching can effectively improve the quality of teacher training and bridge the serving of basic education. Upon the literature review on existing volunteer teaching models, this paper develops a teaching community of teachers under “Internet Plus” and the prototype of a “relay” volunteer teaching model towards the integrated design of training undergraduate pre-teachers and improving the educational quality of small rural schools. The sound “relay” volunteer teaching model has been formed upon revisions around checking its completeness, optimizing its operability, and enhancing its stability using the design-based research paradigm according to the research path of “planning-application-reflection-improvement.” The practice has indicated positive effects of the new model in promoting the academic development of students in small rural schools, enhancing the classroom teaching competency of rural teachers, and improving the professionalism of pre-service teachers. The quality and efficiency of the new model can be improved through initiatives such as providing timely and efficient technical support, establishing a favorable and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, adopting guidance with double-qualified instructors for instant companionship, and implementing flexible incentives and restraints. 相似文献
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This article looks at the role played by the Czechoslovakian Republic in the establishment and maintenance of the “Russian education system in exile” in Europe during the 1920s and 1930s. No other country supported the educational activities of the Russian emigrants as generously as Czechoslovakia. Thanks to this extensive and targeted support, a well‐developed “Russian education system” came into being in Czechoslovakia, and Prague became the centre of Russian educational emigration in Europe. Czechoslovakia’s support for the Russian emigrants had not only humanitarian reasons, but was to a large extent motivated by political and economic interests. 相似文献
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国际经验表明,发达国家依靠人口政策的战略转型,持续获取人口素质的战略利益。伴随人口结构变化,中国第一次“人口红利”将淡出视线。第二次“人口红利”是指劳动年龄人口比例下降、人口抚养比提高后,依靠提升人口素质质量和劳动生产率对于经济持续增长所带来的经济推动力和巨大经济价值。未来20-30年,以高素质、高质量劳动者为标志的第二次“人口红利”将推动着中国经济持续发展,创造经济社会发展和人力资源开发历史上的新奇迹。 相似文献