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1.
Wang Jinghua 《东南大学学报》2008,(Z1)
To recognize and measure the potential share value of conversion for convertible bonds more accurately, different approaches such as the straight method, the separating method, the expected value approach and the improved approach are comparatively analyzed by taking China Merchants Bank‘s convertible bonds as an example. There is also a focus on the improved approach that views that convertible bond issue proceeds can be separated into accrual debt value, accrual equity value and accrual option value accor... 相似文献
2.
By the resultant theory, the E-characteristic polynomial of a real rectangular tensor is defined. It is proved that an E-singular value of a real rectangular tensor is always a root of the E-characteristic polynomial. The definition of the regularity of square tensors is generalized to the rectangular tensors, and in the regular case, a root of the E-characteristic polynomial of a special rectangular tensor is an E-singular value of the rectangular tensor. Moreover, the best rank-one approximation of a real partially symmetric rectangular tensor is investigated. 相似文献
3.
The traditional newsvendor model assumes that a decision-maker is risk-neutral. However, in actuality, a decision-maker’s order behavior is often influenced by waste-averse preference and stockout-averse preference. We extend the newsvendor model with consideration of averse preferences to investigate how the decision results of the previous period impact the order behavior of the current period, and design an inventory decision-making behavior experiment. Results from the study demonstrate that the order behavior of both a group and an individual exhibits a demand chasing phenomenon, and the former is more significant. Through the interval estimation of the decision maker’s order quantity, by the maximum likelihood method we find that the stockout-averse preference has an effect on the decision-making when the prior period is insufficient, causing the current period order quantity larger than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. In a similar way, waste-averse preference has an effect on decision-making when the prior period is surplus, resulting in the current period order quantity smaller than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. Finally, we investigate the formation mechanism of demand chasing phenomenon from the perspective of the averse preferences, and propose that this phenomenon is a decision maker’s cognitive reaction to stochastic demand environment. 相似文献
4.
哈军华 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2002,24(1):79-83
Reader-Response Criticism is one of the schools of western literary criticism.The scholars of the school hold the view that literature is a performative art and each reading is a performance,analogous to playing/singing a musical work,enacting a drama,etc.Literature exists only when it is read.They maintain that reading is a transction between the reader and the text,meaning is as dependent upon the reader as it is dependent upon the text.So there is no universal and absolute interpretation of a poem;rather,there can be several probable interpretations.According to their view-point,a literary text possesses no fixed and final meaning and value.Literary meaning and value are “transactional”,“dialogic”,created by the interaction of the reader and the text.In this paper,the writer,with his interpretation of the poem The Road Not Taken by famous American poet Robert Frost,tries to demonstrate that Reader-Response Criticism,in a sense,is reasonable in proving that the reality of the text lies between the reader and the text and in the transaction,it is the readers who bring their world of experience to activate the text. 相似文献
5.
This study reports research on pesticide suspension rheology and a new rheological parameter, the relative value of approach, which has great advantage for judging the physical stability of a pesticide suspension concentrate. Experiments showed that the system can form stable dispersions when the value of the relative value of approach (Sr) is less than 0.1. 相似文献
6.
Emilia Martynowicz 《美中教育评论》2006,3(3):9-15,30
Values may be considered as generalized beliefs about what is or is not desirable and also as motives. The strength of a person＇s values may affect how much effort a person puts into an activity, how long a person persists at an activity, the way situations are construed, the affective responses that occur when an activity is undertaken unsuccessfully. Schwartz and Bilsky （1987, 1990） proposed that there are ten motivational types of values that could be derived from the three universal human requirements. Schwartz and Bilsky also specified sets of dynamic relation between the value types. The values that were incorporated into the value types were from the Schwartz Value Survey that contained 56 values covering a wide range of content. The value types proposed by Schwartz （1992）were： power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, conformity, tradition and security. The results of the research that I am presenting refer to relations between value types preferred and accepted by young people and goals life, a temporal orientation, worries, some of personality traits. 相似文献
7.
RAN Mao-sheng ZHONG Tao HU Guo-peng 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(4):239-242
This article is based on traditionally intrinsic value assessment model. We employed the assumption on the differences in future increase rates of companies, taking into account of the expected Economic Value Added （EVA） discount and the capital investment, to establish a high increase model, a two-stage EVA discount model and a three-stage EVA discount model for the intrinsic value assessment. Those models eliminate the great fluctuation of free cash flow in calculating the capital expenditure by setting aside the cash flow of the company＇s investment in the year and considering only the capital cost. This method needs only to assess the EVA flow in different year in probing the intrinsic value of a company, thus give more consistent conclusion than conventional methods. 相似文献
8.
We derive some results on the dividend payments prior to ruin in the classical surplus process with interest. An integro-differential equation with a boundary conditions satisfied by the expected present value of dividend payments is derived and solved. Furthermore, we derive an integro-differential equation for the moment generating function, through which we analyze the higher moment of the present value of dividend payments. Finally, closed-form expressions for exponential claims are given. 相似文献
9.
Test plays an important role in our lives in that it can cause backwash towards our teaching and learning.Thus the pur pose of the present study is to examine the quality of an English test paper in a junior middle school of Urumqi according to the language test theories.Through the data collection and analyses,the results indicate that the test paper is a medium-level test and the reliability is suitable.From the correlation analysis,we can see that each part has a high correlation value to the total,indicat ing that all of them contribute to generate language proficiency. 相似文献
10.
In this paper, a new method named as the gradually descent method was proposed to solve the discrete global optimization problem. With the aid of an auxiliary function, this method enables to convert the problem of finding one discrete minimizer of the objective function f to that of finding another at each cycle. The auxiliary function can ensure that a point, except a prescribed point, is not its integer stationary point if the value of objective function at the point is greater than the scalar which is chosen properly. This property leads to a better minimizer of f found more easily by some classical local search methods. The computational results show that this algorithm is quite efficient and reliable for solving nonlinear integer programming problems. 相似文献
11.
李汉潮 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2013,(4):90-93
不同历史时代的价值诉求深刻地影响不同历史时代的小学语文教材,小学语文教材的变化也因此成为了解不同历史时代主流价值诉求调整转向的风向标。本文对民国不同历史时期小语文教材的教学内容进行初步分析,期盼为正在进行的我国小学语文教材的改革提供一个新的途径。 相似文献
12.
针对属性权重完全未知且属性值为模糊变量的模糊多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于离差最大化模型的决策方法.该方法运用模糊变量的期望值、模糊变量之间的距离等概念,建立了一个模糊期望值模型,然后结合模糊模拟技术求解此模型得到属性的权重,再根据模糊综合评价值的期望值对方案进行排序.最后把该法应用于信息系统投资项目的评价问题. 相似文献
13.
假新闻是新闻业的顽症,在具体的新闻传播实践中,假新闻、不实报道屡禁不绝,愈演愈烈.假新闻是由综合因素造成的,迎合受众的"期待视野"是不可忽视的原因之一."期待视野"是接受美学的主导概念由受众的"期待视野"角度可从假新闻的种类和受众心理两方面来解读假新闻的出现.受众和媒体始终处在矛盾的统一体中,所以,要坚持受众的"期待视野"和新闻价值并重的二元论. 相似文献
14.
运动员人力资本产权的价值在于交易。运动员人力资本产权交易的基础在于排他性产权,必要条件在于运动员人力资本获取的现有收益与交易成本之和小于未来的预期收益。运动员人力资本产权交易具有不完整性、不确定性、变动性,其交易费用与价格是由体育市场经济运行机制的作用决定的,因而必须为运动员人力资本产权交易构建有效的市场机制、契约机制和保障机制,并创造良好的社会环境。 相似文献
15.
Britta Kilian Manfred Hofer Stefan Fries Claudia Kuhnle 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2010,25(1):67-85
The relations between students’ value orientations, decisions in conflicts between on-task and off-task actions in the classroom,
and experiences of motivational interference following these conflicts were investigated. It was expected that well-being
value orientation was positively linked and achievement value orientation was negatively linked to decision for off-task behavior
in such conflicts and that the higher students’ well-being value orientation, the higher their motivational impairment when
deciding for the on-task behavior and the lower when deciding for the off-task behavior. For achievement orientation, the
relationships were predicted to be reversed. The experience of motivational interference while performing on-task behavior
was, in turn, expected to be related to worse grades. Data from 817 students (mean age 13.44) from 35 classrooms were collected
using self-report questionnaires and analyzed in a series of hierarchical linear models. Analyses showed the relationships
as predicted. All relationships found were comparable to the relationships found for a conflict between school and leisure
actions after class. Results point out that even if students resist the off-task temptation in class, the mere possibility
of off-task behavior can impair motivation and achievement. 相似文献
16.
Grade inflation over the past few decades has been a concern for many universities. Course evaluation scores are known to be positively correlated with students’ expected grades, and this paper tests whether or not there is an incentive for the instructor to “buy” higher evaluation scores by inflating grades. To test this hypothesis, I use unique data from the University of Washington's Office of Educational Assessment that includes a measure of each student's relative expected grade in the course. I find that there is an incentive for instructors to grade leniently after accounting for the potential endogeneity of the relative expected grade variable due to unobserved teacher productivity and unobserved heterogeneity of instructors and departments. Instructor fixed effects account for a significant part of the measured effect of relative expected grade on evaluations, and by not including them, the estimated impact of relative expected grade on evaluations is biased upwards. 相似文献
17.
Respect is a core concept in citizenship debates. South African high school educators often draw upon respect as a key value within citizenship education. Their teaching of this value is often conflated with promotion of the practice of responsible citizenship. The constructions of respect and responsibility in these situations are imbued with assumptions around authority and power relations, such that learners’ are expected to take responsibility for demonstrating respect for in an unequal rather than reciprocal understanding of respect. Thus, negotiations of different kinds of respect are highlighted. The need for schools to embody a culture or ethos of respect is noted if learners are to be expected to recognise and adopt respect as a key element to citizenship in theory and in practice. 相似文献
18.
徐晓 《湖南科技学院学报》2008,29(4):28-30
本文设计了恒温炉控制系统,恒温控制系统主要由单片机控制与PID控制器实现电热炉自动加热并维持一个恒定值.系统由AT89C51为主的几个模块组成.其中晶体振荡电路主要是向AT89C51提供基准时钟,信号源由DS18B20温度传感芯片提供,键盘设定炉温期望值,单片机输出信号控制开关,实现电热炉加热,并附有显示. 相似文献
19.
The evolution of school league tables in England 1992–2016: ‘Contextual value‐added’, ‘expected progress’ and ‘progress 8’ 
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下载免费PDF全文 Since 1992, the UK Government has published so‐called ‘school league tables’ summarising the average General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) ‘attainment’ and ‘progress’ made by pupils in each state‐funded secondary school in England. While the headline measure of school attainment has remained the percentage of pupils achieving five or more good GCSEs, the headline measure of school progress has changed from ‘value‐added’ (2002–2005) to ‘contextual value‐added’ (2006–2010) to ‘expected progress’ (2011–2015) to ‘progress 8’ (2016–). This paper charts this evolution with a critical eye. First, we describe the headline measures of school progress. Second, we question the Government's justifications for scrapping contextual value‐added. Third, we argue that the current expected progress measure suffers from fundamental design flaws. Fourth, we examine the stability of school rankings across contextual value‐added and expected progress. Fifth, we discuss the extent to which progress 8 will address the weaknesses of expected progress. We conclude that all these progress measures and school league tables more generally should be viewed with far more scepticism and interpreted far more cautiously than they have often been to date. 相似文献
20.
十年课程改革已取得一定成绩,但与“顸层”预设的理想境界相距甚远。“让我们和课程一起成长”作为课改新十年背景下学校课程领导的价值追求和实践策略,其意蕴是：让我们自己参与课程建构,让我们在课程建构中成长。其价值是：通过个体经验促进课程成长,通过建构课程促进自我成长。其推进策略为：让师生在反思学校课程建设的得失中成长,在认同学校课程建设的价值中成长,在探究学校课程建设的框架中成长,在实践学校课程建设的方案中成长,在构建学校课程建设的文化中成长． 相似文献