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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(3):437-448
The efficient delivery of government services to the poor, or Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP), faces many challenges. While a core problem is the lack of scalability, that could be solved by the rapid proliferation of platforms and associated ecosystems. Existing research involving platforms focus on modularity, openness, ecosystem leadership and governance, as well as on their impact on innovation, scale and agility. However, existing studies fail to explore the role of platform in scalable e-government services delivery on an empirical level. Based on an in-depth case study of the world's largest biometric identity platform, used by millions of the poor in India, we develop a set of propositions connecting the attributes of a digital platform ecosystem to different indicators for the scalability of government service delivery. We found that modular architecture, combined with limited functionality in core modules, and open standards combined with controlled access and ecosystem governance enabled by keystone behaviour, have a positive impact on scalability. The research provides insights to policy-makers and government officials alike, particularly those in nations struggling to provide basic services to poor and marginalised. This is also one of the few studies to apply platform theory empirically to the e-government domain. 相似文献
2.
《Government Information Quarterly》2023,40(1):101777
On the path to creating digital platforms, governments are opening organizational boundaries to cultivate cross-agency collaboration in public service innovation. This collaborative innovation takes place in the context of paradoxical tensions between openness and closeness, stability and flexibility, and generativity and control. The concept of boundary resources provides an instrument to balance these platform design paradoxes. Yet, little is known about designing boundary resources in digital government platforms. We contextualize the concept of boundary resources in digital government platforms to develop design theories. These design theories guide an action design research, where a national tax service platform was redesigned to enable cross-agency collaboration for service innovation. Design knowledge was thus generated into three design principles for the design of boundary resources in government platforms. These principles help in making design decisions by which government platform owners use different boundary resources to address the three paradoxes. We suggest that government platform owners cultivate collaborative platform ecosystems and define unified data standards to address the openness, design data modularity and interfaces for resourcing complementors, and use data relationships and accessibility as control points for securing the platform. 相似文献
3.
[目的/意义]政策是开放政府数据生态系统中至关重要的要素。对开放政府数据政策的研究成果进行述评,为我国开放政府数据政策制定提供政策方案,同时为深入开展政策研究提供参考和指南。[方法/过程]采用文献调研法,对开放政府数据政策相关的研究进行系统梳理和归纳,在此基础上对现有研究进行全面评价并提出未来研究方向。[结果/结论]研究表明,目前我国开放政府数据政策的研究主要集中在开放数据政策环境研究、开放数据政策制定和执行三个方面。现有研究的局限具体表现在：注重国外经验性研究,对我国政策的研究较少;研究较为零碎和抽象,缺乏系统性和具体性。未来应就开放数据政策内容体系特别是数据资产管理政策、政策执行的协调机制、参与机制和监督机制,以及现有政策的适应性等进行深入研究。 相似文献
4.
[目的/意义]政府数据开放已经成为大数据发展的重要数据来源。探讨基于关联数据的政府数据开放模式和过程,为政府数据的有效开放和充分利用提供帮助。[方法/过程]对政府数据开放的模式和方法进行讨论,提出基于关联数据和"先发布、后关联"的两步式政府数据开放模式,以上海市政府开放数据为例,分析和阐述该模式的3个主要过程及其关键问题的具体实现方法,包括描述与发布、关联与组织、服务与使用。[结果/结论]为关联开放政府数据的研究和实践提供了一个可行的模式和方法参考。 相似文献
5.
[目的/意义]对国内政府开放数据服务水平进行评价,可为我国政府开放数据的客观评价与政策制定提供参考和依据,从而提高我国政府数据开放效益。[方法/过程]从微观层面的数据与用户视角出发,建立政府开放数据服务水平的评价指标体系,以武汉等8地政府开放数据平台上的"文化休闲"主题数据集为例,利用熵值法计算权重与政府开放数据服务水平综合评价值。[结果/结论]我国城市政府开放数据服务水平具有以下特征:政府开放数据服务水平与数据可利用性具有较高的关联性,且具有层次性;各地政府开放数据服务水平呈现出不一致性。 相似文献
6.
The role of policy entrepreneurs in open government data policy innovation diffusion: An analysis of Australian Federal and State Governments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(1):123-134
Open government data (OGD) policy differs substantially from the existing Freedom of Information policies. Consequently OGD can be viewed as a policy innovation. Drawing on both innovation diffusion theory and its application to public policy innovation research, we examine Australia's OGD policy diffusion patterns at both the federal and state government levels based on the policy adoption timing and CKAN portal “Organization” and “Category” statistics. We found that state governments that had adopted OGD policies earlier had active policy entrepreneurs (or lead departments/agencies) responsible for the policy innovation diffusion across the different government departments. We also found that their efficacy ranking was relatively high in terms of OGD portal openness when openness is measured by the greater number of datasets proactively and systematically published through their OGD portals. These findings have important implications for the role played by OGD policy entrepreneurs in openly sharing the government-owned datasets with the public. 相似文献
7.
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(2):233-242
In the last decade, governments around the world have created open government data (OGD) repositories to make government data more accessible and usable by the public, mostly motivated by values such as improved government transparency, citizen collaboration and participation, and spurring innovation. The basic assumption is that once data are more discoverable, accessible, available in alternative formats, and with licensing schemes that allow free re-use, diverse stakeholders will develop innovative data applications. Despite OGD's potential transformative value, there is limited evidence for such transformation, particularly due to scarce data use, which is partly attributable to the lack of technical skills and user training. To advance the dialogue around methods to increase awareness of OGD, improve users' skills to work with OGD, and encourage data use, the paper compares and contrasts how three training interventions in Spain, Italy, and the United States have sought to increase awareness of OGD, improve users' skills and potentially engage them in their use of OGD. We report three main findings. First, introduction and analysis skills are taught in combination to encourage use of open data. Being aware of OGD and its benefits is insufficient to promote use. Second, OGD training seems to be more effective when complemented with knowledge about context and interactions with government. Finally, embedding the training interventions in the specific contexts and considering the unique characteristics, interests, and expectations of different types of users is critical to success. 相似文献
8.
9.
[目的/意义] 政府开放数据生态系统可持续发展能为数据价值实现提供充分的保障,因此,探寻其实现路径具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 立足信息生态系统理论,梳理政府开放数据生态系统可持续发展影响因素,并构建开放数据生态系统可持续发展理论模型,根据Vensim PLE仿真结果提出实现路径。[结果/结论] 仿真结果发现,在政府开放数据生态系统可持续发展过程中,法律政策对其影响最大,消费者信息素养、开放数据平台开发程度及数据创新能力组合、组织管理水平、资金投入及技术支持组合等对其影响显著。最后提出促进政府开放数据生态系统可持续发展的具体实现路径。 相似文献
10.
[目的/意义] 人工智能（AI）正引发链式反应般的科学突破,引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革,图书文献情报领域如何利用AI技术提供智慧知识服务与智能情报系统是当前行业关注的焦点与热点。[方法/过程] 从图书情报行业内外综合分析AI技术与大数据为知识服务范式带来的新平台、新服务以及新机遇与新挑战,提出"AI技术+大数据"驱动的智慧知识服务生态体系建设的总体思路,从智慧数据、智慧中台与智慧服务3个层面共同构建"科情大脑",提供覆盖科技管理、科技创新与社会学术信息环境的开放智慧知识服务生态环境。[结果/结论] 以中国科学院文献情报中心的文献情报数据湖、智能知识服务引擎、智慧知识发现、智慧知识管理、智能情报分析系统以及智能感知环境6个方面进行探索建设,取得有意义的成效。面向未来,阐明AI技术在面向大数据治理、细粒度知识识别、精准服务提供等方面,仍需要在数据、技术以及服务模式上进一步提升。 相似文献
11.
政务数据共享是政务服务改革的重要内容,是政府治理创新的重要举措。本文通过政策文件梳理及文献研究综述,针对政务服务驱动下城建档案数据共享中目录体系融合度不高、缺乏应用系统支撑、数据共享参与力度不大、数据共享质量不佳等问题,提出数据共享策略：建立元数据驱动的共享平台、打造开放型数据共享文化、建立多方参与的数据管理组织、提升业务人员的数据素养。 相似文献
12.
《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(4):101614
A key premise of open government data (OGD) policies is enhanced engagement between government and the public. However, it is not well understood who the users of OGD are, how to tailor OGD content, and which communities to target for outreach. We examined users' engagement with Health Data NY, New York's health oriented OGD portal, to understand user characteristics associated with increased site engagement. We used Google Analytics data to classify four site engagement metrics into high versus low engagement and used logistic regression to test associations between higher site engagement and gender, age group, device type, and consumer interest. We found that being in a younger age bracket, male, a desktop user, and a Technophile are associated with higher engagement. The findings contribute to further understanding OGD initiatives and consumer health information behavior. More broadly, we demonstrate how OGD managers can leverage their web analytics data to understand which users are most engaged, thereby enabling them to better target their content. 相似文献
13.
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(4):101510
The emergence of standardized open data software platforms has provided a similar set of features to sustain the lifecycle of open data practices, which includes storing, managing, publishing, and visualizing data, in addition to providing an out-of-the-box solution for data portals. Accordingly, the dissemination of data portals that implement such platforms has paved the way for automation, wherein (meta)data extraction supplies the demand for quantity-oriented metrics, mainly for benchmark purposes. This has given rise to an issue regarding how to survey data portals globally, especially reducing the manual efforts, while covering a wide variety of sources that may not implement standardized solutions. Thus, this study raises two main problems: searching for standardized open data software platforms and identifying specific developed web-based software operated as data portals. This study aims to develop a method that deeply searches each web page on the internet and formalizes a machine learning classification model to improve the identification of data portals, irrespective of how these data portals implement a standardized open data software platform and comply with the open data technical guidelines. The contributions of this work have been demonstrated through a list of 1,650 open data portals generalized in a training model that makes it feasible to distinguish between a data portal (that may or may not implement a standardized platform) and an ordinary web page. The results provide new insights on how machine-readable, publicly available data are affected by artificial intelligence, with special focus on how it can be used to understand data openness worldwide. 相似文献
14.
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(1):101405
The claim of the open government data (OGD) movement is that it would add considerable value to the political, economic and social development of nations. Thus, during the past few years, governments around the world have been under increasing pressure to release data to encourage citizen participation in government. In the UK, the government publishes its data on the data.gov.uk website for the public to find, view, download and interrogate.1 In this paper, we evaluate the extent of openness of OGD in the UK – a recognised global leader in the OGD movement – by examining a sample of 400 datasets listed on this website. The examination uses an ‘ordinary citizen’ test, which is developed based on the original eight Sebastopol principles of open data. Our examination discovers that existing prevalent measures of openness of data are inadequate. Our findings demonstrate that the majority of the published government resources on the website are informational rather than granular data. In fact, only a small minority of these advertised as open data are actually open, which severely limits their open government utilities. 相似文献
15.
《Government Information Quarterly》2022,39(1):101456
Open government data has led to public policy innovation in pursuit of various expected benefits. One of the intended goals of open data innovation to improve transparency and accountability. However, our current understanding of open data innovation and its ability to generate transparency and accountability is limited, particularly with regard to empirical evidence. In this paper, we describe how a state agency redesigned its organizational processes around visualization tools and how such efforts helped bridge the transparency-accountability gap by enhancing the understandability and usability of open government data. We conclude that open data innovation does not stop with the adoption of an open data policy, but rather involves an ongoing cycle of improvements through which the organization responds to its various stakeholders' use of open data, thereby increasing usefulness of those datasets and, subsequently, improving overall accountability. 相似文献
16.
Open government data and the private sector: An empirical view on business models and value creation
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(3):101248
The release of government data in an open format is broadly expected to generate innovation and economic value. However, despite the emerging public notoriety of this issue, literature is still scarce regarding the commercial application of open government data. The main goal of this study is to understand how firms use open government data to create value. More specifically, we aim to identify what types of use are currently in place and which industries are more prominent in exploiting open government data. Building on the analysis of a dataset of 178 firms that use open government data across various industries in the U.S. we find twelve different atomic models. Additionally, our findings suggest that the way in which open government is used to create value is contingent to the firms' activities. Supported by robust empirical data, we anticipate that our research produces practical insights to entrepreneurs as well as firm managers in deriving value from public datasets, and equip government officials with relevant evidence for advocacy and policy-making. 相似文献
17.
Exploring open government data capacity of government agency: Based on the resource-based theory 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(1):1-12
Open government data (OGD) are valued by many countries and governments worldwide because of its important political, economic, and social benefits. Based on the resource-based theory, we construct a research model from the aspects of tangible, intangible, and human resources, as well as organizational culture to explore the factors that influence open government data capacity (OGDC). Results indicate that data variables, basic resources, organizational arrangement and technical capacity are directly related to the OGDC of government agencies; power distance negatively moderates the relationship between organizational structure and OGDC; uncertainty avoidance moderates the relationship among basic resources, organizational arrangement and OGDC. On this basis, we put forward relevant suggestions for the following development of OGD. 相似文献
18.
对当前中外政府数据开放平台的运行方式及保障机制的实证对比研究,有助于我国政府数据开放的建设与发展。本文以各国Data.Gov平台数据为基础,运用实证分析法、统计分析法、比较分析法,从政府数据开放平台的数据层、平台层、管理层3个层面,分析各国政府数据开放的整合与利用机制、开放与协作机制及管理与评估机制的现状。从中得出我国应借鉴国外先进技术与管理经验,加快完成各省、市试点工作,早日建成基于CKAN的国家级Data.gov专业平台建设。 相似文献
19.
《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(4):633-643
During the last few years, government institutions and agencies around the world have been adopting Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives to achieve political, social, economic, cultural and institutional benefits. This study aims to investigate the motivational factors for adopting OGD among government institutions in Saudi Arabia. A qualitative research approach was used to guide the research and the data was collected using interviews and documentation. The results of the study are interpreted and explained using elements from institutional theory. It shows that the adoption of OGD is influenced by existing institutional arrangements, and that the institutional changes that are occurring in the country such as the Saudi Vision 2030, the approval of the Freedom of information Act 2016, and anti-corruption campaigns have contributed positively to the transition from culture of secrecy to openness. In addition, the initiative is influenced by internal and external institutional pressures. Furthermore, the organizations studied perceived several benefits, which can be described as rationalized myths of the OGD such as transparency and accountability, better access to government data, support for innovation, improved government services, operational benefits and encouragement of participation. Based on the findings, the study provides some theoretical and practical implications regarding OGD adoption in government sittings. 相似文献
20.
农业科技创新平台是农业科研单位和高校开展科研、自主创新和人才培养的重要载体,在农业科技创新中
占有重要的地位和作用。中国热带农业科学院是专门从事热带农业科研、在国内外热带农业研究领域具有广泛影响的国
家级研究院。在对中国热带农业科学院、中国水产科学院和中国农业科学院各类科技创新条件平台调研的基础上,分析
中国热带农业科学院科技创新平台的现状,同时着重对其存在问题进行分析,并提出加强科技创新平台建设,提升科技
创新能力的几条具体措施。 相似文献