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《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(3):101480
In election times, political parties promise in their manifestos to pass reforms increasing access to government information to root out corruption and improve public service delivery. Scholars have already offered several fascinating explanations of why governments adopt transparency policies that constrain their choices. However, knowledge of their impacts is limited. Does greater access to information deliver on its promises as an anti-corruption policy? While some research has already addressed this question in relation to freedom of information laws, the emergence of new digital technologies enabled new policies, such as open government data. Its effects on corruption remain empirically underexplored due to its novelty and a lack of measurements. In this article, I provide the first empirical study of the relationship between open government data, relative to FOI laws, and corruption. I propose a theoretical framework, which specifies conditions necessary for FOI laws and open government data to affect corruption levels, and I test it on a novel cross-country dataset. The results suggest that the effects of open government data on corruption are conditional upon the quality of media and internet freedom. Moreover, other factors, such as free and fair elections, independent and accountable judiciary, or economic development, are far more critical for tackling corruption than increasing access to information. These findings are important for policies. In particular, digital transparency reforms will not yield results in the anti-corruption fight unless robust provisions safeguarding media and internet freedom complement them. 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2018,35(4):633-643
During the last few years, government institutions and agencies around the world have been adopting Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives to achieve political, social, economic, cultural and institutional benefits. This study aims to investigate the motivational factors for adopting OGD among government institutions in Saudi Arabia. A qualitative research approach was used to guide the research and the data was collected using interviews and documentation. The results of the study are interpreted and explained using elements from institutional theory. It shows that the adoption of OGD is influenced by existing institutional arrangements, and that the institutional changes that are occurring in the country such as the Saudi Vision 2030, the approval of the Freedom of information Act 2016, and anti-corruption campaigns have contributed positively to the transition from culture of secrecy to openness. In addition, the initiative is influenced by internal and external institutional pressures. Furthermore, the organizations studied perceived several benefits, which can be described as rationalized myths of the OGD such as transparency and accountability, better access to government data, support for innovation, improved government services, operational benefits and encouragement of participation. Based on the findings, the study provides some theoretical and practical implications regarding OGD adoption in government sittings. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]设立首席数据官是政府数据治理创新的重要举措。[研究设计/方法]借助文献梳理、案例追踪与比较研究,系统追踪以美国为代表的不同国家政府首席数据官职位的设置与运行情况。[结论/发现]全面分析了政府首席数据官制度产生的背景渊源与发展脉络,明确了首席数据官制度的组织运行模式及其在政府数据开发利用中所扮演的主要角色。同时,进一步比较了政府首席信息官与首席数据官的定位差异。[创新/价值]阐明了政府首席数据官制度的基本架构,总结了首席数据官职位的主要职能与运行条件,为我国政府数据治理组织体系的完善提供参考。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]从政府数据开放网站的角度出发,归纳总结元数据标准,以期为制定我国政府开放数据的元数据标准提供有益的参考。[方法/过程]依据科学的评价报告,以Data.gov.uk为研究对象,对网站信息进行调查,查阅相关政府文献,从文件结构、元素组成及规则等方面总结元数据标准的特点。[结果/结论]调查发现：Data.gov.uk具有两种类型的元数据,即面向网站数据资源的CKAN格式记录和针对地理空间数据的GEMINI地理空间元数据标准。对我国而言,制定政府开放数据共享的元数据标准,需要事先分析和比较各类型政府数据的描述需求、考虑新系统与现有系统的衔接问题,建立网站需求分析报告,按需选择国际标准作为范本。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]为解决大数据时代中政务数据质量问题以及应对数据质量治理困境提供理论参考和解决思路。[研究设计/方法]基于适应性结构化理论构建政务数据质量影响因素模型,从结构源出发探究政务数据质量的影响因素,利用政务12345热线数据进行影响因素的验证并通过随机森林算法进行重要性评估。[结论/发现]基于分析结果提出应加强治理监管,用制度规范数据管理过程及培育大数据专业队伍,从而提升政务数据质量治理的能力和效果。[创新/价值]从结构层面探究了政务数据质量的影响因素并构建理论模型,解决当前数据治理及应用问题,提升社会治理成效。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]大数据时代背景下,政府数据开放共享成为必然趋势。政策作为政府数据开放共享进程中的"助推剂",发挥着至关重要的作用。对我国城市群政府数据开放政策进行研究,分析城市群政府数据开放政策的特点及不足,为城市群政府数据开放政策提供改进建议,促进政策的协同执行。[方法/过程]从政策工具、政策目标、政策力度3个维度构建分析框架,以23项成渝城市群政府数据开放政策(218条政策细则)为样本,对每个政策进行文本编码,统计描述样本编码结果。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,成渝城市群政府数据开放政策的结构特征表现为命令型、激励型政策工具使用偏多,能力建设型和系统变化型政策工具使用偏少;政策目标着重于数据层面的政务数据开放共享和大数据应用,对于智慧政府建设目标重视程度不够;政策力度总体与政府数据开放趋势变化较为一致,但有待加强。因此,政府数据开放政策需要全面综合运用4种政策工具,同时协调政策目标的结构,加强政策力度,推动政府数据开放的系统发展。 相似文献
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This paper examines business perceptions and satisfaction with e-government. Survey data is analyzed from businesses across Canada to determine their use of e-government and their perceived satisfaction with this technology for public service delivery. There are three research questions of this paper: 1) Are there significant differences for businesses that use the internet to contact government compared to those that do not? 2) Is there is a relationship between having a more positive perception overall by business of government and e-government satisfaction? and 3) Is there a relationship between businesses having input into regulatory changes, essentially being inclusive of business in the regulatory process, and e-government satisfaction? The results from the statistical models indicated that all three questions were confirmed. The findings of this study imply that governments should try to understand the business environment. A more positive attitude by business towards government, and being more inclusive of business in regulatory changes, leads to greater e-government satisfaction. 相似文献
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This study examines the adoption of centralized customer service systems in local governments in the United States. Survey data is used to show the relationship between different factors of E-Government adoption and the implementation of this information technology (IT). The results of this study show that the adoption of a centralized customer service system was related to the form of government that the local government had and being located in a central city. The results also indicated that the sophistication of the local government's website was related to the adoption of a centralized customer service system. The results of this study did not support the claim that larger cities are more likely to be adopters of this type of IT. Other results indicate that only 15% of local governments have adopted this IT. These information systems are well-integrated with existing online communication methods such as email and the internet. The information from this IT is commonly used by local governments for performance management and budget development. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 新时代下,跨部门的信息资源共享已经成为加快政府职能转变,提高政府服务效率和透明度的重要事业。明确目前政府信息资源共享有效实施的关键因素,无论对于政府准确把脉行动方向还是学界聚焦政府信息共享的根源性问题都有着重要的意义。[方法/过程] 通过综合集成法梳理出近年来被学界所关注的8个维度的政府信息资源共享影响因素,通过复杂系统DEMATEL模型,构建政府信息资源共享影响因素的关系矩阵。[结果/结论] 经测算,本研究发现11个影响政府信息资源共享实施的关键因素,这些关键因素主要集中在法规政策与标准维度、体制维度、机制维度和技术维度上。 相似文献
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政府档案利用是政府信息公开的重要组成部分。文章通过对体现政府信息公开法制建设最新进展的相关法规性文件中涉及档案利用的规定予以归纳分析,揭示了保存在行政机关的政府档案利用与政府信息公开已经从双轨运行过渡到并轨运行,论证了保存在国家档案馆的政府档案利用与政府信息公开在当前双轨运行阶段应予有效衔接。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]分析美国政府数据开放战略的实施效果,并根据美国经济分析局等政府机构的数据开放实践以及《开放政府数据法案》对未来美国政府数据开放战略的要求,研判美国政府数据开放战略的新趋势,从而提出其对于我国政府数据开放战略实施的启示。[方法/过程]利用文献调研法和比较分析法进行研究,一是对比分析美国数据开放战略实施现状与未来该战略要求;二是对比分析我国目前数据开放战略现状与美国政府数据开放新趋势的差距。[结果/结论]美国政府数据开放战略将从数据类型、数据形式、审核机制、数据来源、储存机制、责任机构、评估机制等方面进行变革,从而促使政府数据产生更大的社会经济效益。我国目前在上述层面的发展应该充分借鉴美国的经验,加快发展具有我国特色的政府数据开放战略新机制。 相似文献
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智慧政府是电子政务的下一代更迭,受到各国的广泛关注。智慧政府可以通过各部门间的信息协同提升城市运行管理的效率。当前对智慧政府信息协同的研究主要集中于研究智慧政府信息协同的机制,少有对智慧政府信息协同网络结构现状进行识别与分析的研究。本文采用命名实体识别的方法基于目标数据源(智慧政府相关政策文件)中识别出的中国智慧政府信息协同网络的节点(政府部门)数据及节点关系(各个政府部门间的信息协同关系)数据,得到中国智慧政府信息协同网络结构,并对这些数据进行可视化处理。在此基础上采用社会网络分析中的度中心性方法,把各个节点按其对整个网络影响力的强弱排序;采用k-plex分析方法,识别出对整个网络具有较强影响力的节点。研究结果显示,中国智慧政府信息协同网络共包含34个节点和355组节点关系。在节点中,国务院节点对整个网络的影响力最强,中国气象局节点对整个网络的影响力最弱。在节点关系中,国家发展和改革委员会节点与国务院节点间的节点关系对整个网络具有较强的影响力,像这样具有较强影响力的节点关系共28组。本研究得到的结果可用来指导今后中国智慧政府信息协同网络优化与发展的侧重方向。 相似文献
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政府监管是矫正市场失灵问题的有效手段,对社会经济的发展起着重要作用。目前,中国政府监管体制还存在监管主体的合法性缺失,监管体制不畅等。因此,应健全监管法律体系,加强行政组织法的立法活动,从根本上抑制权力的失控;深化政府机构改革,建立归属于国务院直接领导的监管机构,加强政府监管机构的独立性,真正实现对市场主体的调控功能。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 对基于大数据的情报分析应用于城市的科学决策和综合管理展开研究,探讨在新的形势下情报分析为政府部门带来的新的管理应用契机。[方法/过程] 以纽约市政府构建的城市数据分析团队的实践为例,运用文献分析和实证研究的方法,剖析基于数据的政府情报系统的构建,以及在城市综合管理方面的应用。[结果/结论] 基于数据的情报分析有助于提高公共管理决策的效率。据此,为我国城市的相关实践提出初步的建议,包括搭建城市公共数据的集聚平台、组建数据情报分析团队、构建数据预警指标以及创建特定的情报分析机制。 相似文献
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潘瑞芳 《浙江传媒学院学报》2004,11(1):67-70
本文基于C/S结构模式,应用Lotus/Domino统平台,开发了某单位办公自动化系统.介绍了一种基于中小型政务管理系统的设计与开发的实现方法,解决了系统实现过程中安全性等问题. 相似文献
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In contrast to the private-led initiative typified by the U.S. Information Superhighway project in the early 90s, the Korean government was in the forefront of directing the Korean Information Infrastructure (KII) project (1995–2005), which was aimed at building a nationwide broadband backbone network. This study first looks at how the developmental mechanism of Korea during the KII project signifies the weaker status of the civilian government of the 90s. This study then shows how in the KII project, the government served primarily as a moderator mediating conflicts between the private sector and the relevant public agencies. To describe the close state–capital linkages in the KII project, this study focuses on the government's financial investment system for enticing the private sector to install the IT infrastructure, the neatly coordinated policy networks between the public and private entities, and the policy discourses by which the government achieved a national consensus on IT-driven economic development. 相似文献
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This paper discusses implications of the convergence of legal and organizational issues in the context of developing and implementing digital government projects in large urban settings. By the convergence of legal and organizational issues we refer to two important aspects of urban government: (1) the close relationship between legal/policy structures and the way government is organized and functions, and (2) the way the legal/policy elements interact with organizational dynamics and work cultures to influence digital government projects (and government activities generally). It is our contention that convergence in the organizational and legal/policy context is a powerful determinant of how these projects develop and how likely they are to succeed. Therefore the understanding of this convergence and related dynamics is critically important to planning and designing both policy to promote digital government and particular digital government projects themselves. Illustrations of this convergence and its consequences are presented. They are based on research involving two digital government projects in urban settings: development of a management information system for homeless shelter administration and a developing a system for sharing information among New York City agencies. 相似文献
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This study analyzes how the aggressiveness of China-based foreign reporters when questioning Chinese officials changed as a function of the macrolevel international media relations strategies of the Chinese government. Over the past decade, the Chinese government has increasingly relaxed regulatory policies for foreign reporters and gained knowledge of modern public relations, particularly media relations. This study found that the level of foreign reporters' aggressiveness did not decrease in a linear fashion but rather displayed a ‘V’ shape. Implications for future initiatives by the Chinese government regarding foreign reporters are also discussed. 相似文献