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1.
任何社会主体参与社会活动都受动机因素的影响。本文以认知心理学中的自我决定论为分析理论框架,通过对美国国家档案馆Citizen Archivist项目15位参与者的访谈,以及对参与笔者自建的档案资源开发平台“上大故事”平台资源开发的35位同学的问卷调查和访谈,发现公众参与数字档案资源社会化开发项目的动机是一个动态发展的过程：公众最初可能因为外在动机或内在动机参与,基于外在动机的参与行为也可能产生高质量的参与成果;在参与的过程中,参与者的动机会发生变化,造成参与动机变化的原因主要包括系统的功能可用性及参与主体所处群体的志愿者文化环境。了解公众参与数字档案资源社会化开发的动机,对确保数字档案资源社会化开发项目的可持续性发展至关重要。 相似文献
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Electronic government procurement (eGP) is quickly becoming an essential piece of national e-government programs, since it enables active transparency and favors efficient vendor relationships; however, little attention has been paid to the need for periodical measurement of eGP portals' performance and goal satisfaction. Although maturity levels schemes have been proposed for other domains, most notably IT-related, to the best of our knowledge no maturity level model of eGP has been widely deployed yet. This article presents the e-Government Procurement Observatory Maturity Model (eGPO-MM), which focuses on both legal and institutional arrangements, and portals' technical aspects; the model consists of two Leverage Domains, seven Key Domain Areas, and 25 Critical Variables, which are valued with a weighted scoring system that produces quantitative indicators about portal capabilities and allows direct comparisons. The model was used to evaluate eGP portals from 14 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean; the measurements are presented, and fit well with previous rank perception, leading to a good reception by participant agencies. eGPO-MM has already allowed to identify areas for joint action and fostered knowledge-sharing among governments, including identification and dissemination of e-procurement best practices; it also established clear reference points to allow each agency to determine a roadmap to higher e-procurement maturity. 相似文献
3.
The purpose of this paper is to theoretically and empirically explore how public e-procurement policies are translated into practice. The theoretical argument draws on actor network theory (ANT), coupled with Colebatch’s [Colebatch, H. K. (2002). Policy (2nd ed.). Maidenhead, Open University Press.] social construct of policy, to analyze the actors, actions, and circumstances through which understanding of public e-procurement comes to stabilize (or not) into a coherent policy for action. Drawing on three case studies of central government agencies in Italy, Scotland, and Western Australia, we suggest new intellectual perspectives and methodological heuristics that may assist researchers and practitioners analytical efforts in examining sociotechnical change and the implications for policy development and implementation. 相似文献
4.
《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2019,45(3):195-202
Ensuring the quality of information is a critical ethical issue for any information system. Research Information Management Systems (RIMSs) need to engage researchers in sharing research information and knowledge, and ensuring its quality. This paper introduces a theoretical framework for researcher participation in RIMSs. The framework is grounded in empirical research and can guide the design of RIMSs by defining typologies of researcher activities in RIMSs, related motivations, levels of participation, and metadata profiles. In addition, the framework defines discipline- and seniority-specific priorities for the researcher's activities and motivations. RIMS managers and scholarly communications librarians can use the framework to assemble RIMS service and metadata profiles that are tailored to the researcher's context. Likewise, the framework can guide the construction of communication messages personalized to the researcher's priorities and her or his motivations for engaging in a specific activity, which will enhance the researcher's engagement with the RIMS. 相似文献
5.
The business sector has already recognized the importance of information flow for good management, with many businesses adopting new technology in data mining and data warehousing for intelligent operation based on free flow of information. Free flow of information in government agencies is just as important. For example, in child welfare, entities that fund social services programs have increasingly demanded improved outcomes for clients in return for continued financial support. To this end, most child welfare agencies are paying more attention to the outcomes of children in their care. In North Carolina, many county departments of social services have successfully adopted the self-evaluation model to monitor the effects of their programs on the outcomes of children. Such efforts in self-evaluation require good information flow from state division of social services to county departments of social services. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive KDD (Knowledge Discovery and Data mining) information system that could upgrade information flow in government agencies. We present the key elements of the information system and demonstrate how such a system could be successfully implemented via a case study in North Carolina. The next generation infrastructure in digital government must incorporate such information system to enable effective information flow in government agencies without compromising individual privacy. 相似文献
6.
Luis Felipe Luna-Reyes David F. Andersen Laura J. Black Theresa A. Pardo 《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(2):101570
This research identifies main feedback dynamics associated with social processes necessary to make sense of ambiguous project goals, typical of large digital government projects. The study reports on findings from a case analysis using participatory approaches in system dynamics, based on a digital government project integrating information systems of New York's criminal justice agencies. Findings stress the importance of visuals in the sensemaking process that results from the interaction of technical and social outcomes produced through identifying and continuously re-interpreting main project issues and goals. Project analyses suggest that requisite elements of successfully managing this type of project include 1) facilitation that enables diversity of ideas, 2) shared visuals and re-presentations of participants' efforts to work on the issues, and 3) iterative social construction of objectives, progress, and valid processes for doing the work; each of these plays a role in three different feedback processes sustaining (or undermining) the group engagement needed to yield successful integrative work. The study contributes to the literature in digital government by introducing the lenses of people-centered project management processes, an emerging approach in project management, to underscore the role of social processes in technical projects. 相似文献
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This paper investigates how information resources are shared electronically between libraries at the national level in China. It examines the digital library project related issues for both information policy and information-technology. Issues pertaining to information policy include co-operation and collaboration between information service providers, collection development, intellectual property protection, management and administration on the digital library projects, and public information services (user clients). Issues pertaining to information technology include use of UNICODE, metadata, interface standards (Z39·50) and others. Using a combination of system analysis and program evaluation methods, the current practice of developing a national digital library infrastructure is investigated, issues regarding national information countermeasures toward these digital library projects are studied, and suggestions for developing further nation's countermeasures in the digital library project are presented. Successful and/or failure experience is shared and compared with the US Digital Asia Library (DAL) project. 相似文献
10.
《International Information and Library Review》2001,33(2-3):205-220
This paper investigates how information resources are shared electronically between libraries at the national level in China. It examines the digital library project related issues for both information policy and information-technology. Issues pertaining to information policy include co-operation and collaboration between information service providers, collection development, intellectual property protection, management and administration on the digital library projects, and public information services (user clients). Issues pertaining to information technology include use of UNICODE, metadata, interface standards (Z39·50) and others. Using a combination of system analysis and program evaluation methods, the current practice of developing a national digital library infrastructure is investigated, issues regarding national information countermeasures toward these digital library projects are studied, and suggestions for developing further nation's countermeasures in the digital library project are presented. Successful and/or failure experience is shared and compared with the US Digital Asia Library (DAL) project. 相似文献
11.
[目的/意义]为了深入了解科研众筹平台中的项目情况,本文对科研众筹项目的基本特征、研究主题和不同类型科研众筹项目的属性对比进行研究。[研究设计/方法]首先对科研众筹的起源、价值和运作模式进行了梳理;随后爬取了科研众筹平台Experiment的项目信息,并对该平台中科研项目的发起者、背书者、项目记录、所属学科、资助情况等进行特征描述;基于LDA模型对科研众筹项目主题进一步细化,并对不同资金筹集和不同主题分类情况下的科研众筹项目的属性差异进行比较分析。[结论/发现]科研众筹主题主要集中在生物学和生态学两个领域,不同资金筹集达成情况的科研众筹项目在项目背书者数量、信息记录次数和讨论次数上具有显著差异;不同主题的科研众筹项目在其讨论次数上具有显著差异。同时,是否提供视频和是否参与资助挑战在不同资金筹集达成情况和不同主题的科研众筹项目上均具有显著差异。[创新/价值]深入分析了科研众筹平台中项目主题及属性对比情况,对科研众筹平台优化信息审核机制、社交机制和信息展示机制具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
12.
This article discusses the potential weakness of location-based questions for chat reference consortia and the actions taken to overcome this weakness by Florida's Ask a Librarian Reference Service. Ask a Librarian is a statewide chat reference consortium where users are able to pose questions to any librarian from 115 participating agencies. In turn, any agency's librarian is able to respond to questions from any user. This article discusses findings from three focus groups with librarians who staff the service. In addition, the article includes a discussion of the efforts to overcome the weakness by both populating and encouraging use of the service's knowledge base. 相似文献
13.
科学数据开放共享活动中不同利益相关者动力分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
[目的/意义]研究科学数据开放共享动力，以为我国科学数据开放共享实践提供理论指导。[方法/过程]运用利益相关者理论和规范分析法，解析不同利益相关者参与科学数据开放共享的动力。[结果/结论]利益相关者理论可以用于指导科学数据开放共享实践。科学数据开放共享利益相关者主要包括政府、研究机构、研究资助机构、图书情报机构、数据中心、行业协会、出版社、研究人员、其他企业、用户等。这些利益相关者都可从科学数据开放共享受益，拥有不同的利益和动力。 相似文献
14.
《Government Information Quarterly》2004,21(2):125-142
In 2001, the New Zealand government launched an ambitious health care information management and technology strategy that seeks to integrate the health sector, facilitate electronic health records and information portability and give patients greater information access. This article looks at the prospects for the strategy, against a background of extensive public health system restructuring in the 1990s. It notes that through this period, health purchasers and providers developed information systems in isolation from one another and with minimal central oversight. The result is a highly complex and firmly established architecture and an array of problems that need rectifying. Combined with present decentralised health structures, government capacity to influence activities is limited. The article concludes by reviewing current developments noting that advancement on the government's goals is likely to be incremental, across a range of areas, sometimes driven by providers and sometimes by central agencies. 相似文献
15.
《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(2):358-367
Driven by ‘success stories’ reported by private sector firms, government agencies have also started adopting various Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in diverse domains (e.g. health, taxation, and education); however, extensive research is required in order to exploit the full potential of AI in the public sector, and leverage various AI technologies to address important problems/needs. This paper makes a contribution in this direction: it presents a novel approach, as well as the architecture of an ICT platform supporting it, for the advanced exploitation of a specific AI technology, namely chatbots, in the public sector in order to address a crucial issue: the improvement of communication between government and citizens (which has for long time been problematic). The proposed approach builds on natural language processing, machine learning and data mining technologies, and leverages existing data of various forms (such as documents containing legislation and directives, structured data from government agencies' operational systems, social media data, etc.), in order to develop a new digital channel of communication between citizens and government. Making use of appropriately structured and semantically annotated data, this channel enables ‘richer’ and more expressive interaction of citizens with government in everyday language, facilitating and advancing both information seeking and conducting of transactions. Compared to existing digital channels, the proposed approach is appropriate for a wider range of citizens' interactions, with higher levels of complexity, ambiguity and uncertainty. In close co-operation with three Greek government agencies (the Ministry of Finance, a social security organization, and a big local government organization), this approach has been validated through a series of application scenarios. 相似文献
16.
Electronic Access to Reference Service (EARS) is a front end to the Health Sciences Library''s electronic mail system, with links to the online public catalog. EARS, which became operational in September 1984, is accessed by users at remote sites with either a terminal or microcomputer. It is menu-driven, allowing users to request: a computerized literature search, reference information, a photocopy of a journal article, or a book. This paper traces the history of EARS and discusses its use, its impact on library staff and services, and factors that influence the diffusion of new technology. 相似文献
17.
Lisa G. O'Connor Author Vitae 《Library & information science research》2011,33(3):228-235
Using an everyday life information-seeking (ELIS) perspective, this ethnographic study describes the information-seeking behaviors of women's investment club members. It identifies three general motivations for interest in investing and club membership, and ties those motivations to distinct variations in information behavior. Study findings identify gaps between information needs and use, and highlight potential areas for improving the abilities of female investors to locate, evaluate, and use information for investment decision-making. 相似文献
18.
《Journal of Government Information》2000,27(1):29-45
The Clinger-Cohen Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996 (Clinger-Cohen Act) had the potential to change the dynamics of how U.S. federal government agencies view and manage their information technology. The mandated provision for chief information officers (CIOs) was intended to provide agencies with information change agents and technology “watchdogs.” To observe how agencies are reacting to employing CIOs, the author conducted field studies via e-mail with eight agencies to discover the successes and the challenges of this new information initiative. The Clinger-Cohen Act mandated four of the agencies contacted and four were non-mandated. The results of this study depict varying levels of agency compliance and commitment to the Clinger-Cohen Act as it relates to the agency CIO position. 相似文献
19.
Michelle M. Kazmer Robert L. Glueckauf Jinxuan Ma Kathleen Burnett 《Library & information science research》2013
Caregivers of older adults with dementia face significant challenges associated with their care recipients' condition and with their own mental and physical wellbeing. Qualitative research data were collected via interviews with caregivers who participated in the African-American Alzheimer's Caregiver Training and Support (ACTS) research project. Analysis of these data with a focus on information use indicated that participating caregivers' information use environments were shaped by key individuals, settings, and information sources. These included the ACTS counselors, ACTS intervention guidebook, fellow caregivers, use of a personal calendar/datebook, and the identification of key problems and development of goals to help ameliorate those problems. CBT groups fostered sharing, synthesizing, and validating information about dementia caregiving and dementia care resources; the ACTS CBT guidebook served as an important physical touchstone of reliable and portable information. Understanding the specific needs, behaviors, and constraints of African-American caregivers is important to the future development of information components of tailored, depression–reduction interventions. 相似文献
20.
[目的/意义]参与机构科研信息管理是图书馆潜在的服务模式，梳理科研信息管理相关内涵与外延，分析图书馆参与科研信息管理的相关理论，旨在为图书馆参与机构科研信息管理提供借鉴。[方法/过程]利用文献调研法、比较分析法及典型案例分析法进行研究，分析科研信息管理的意义、应用，分析图书馆参与科研信息管理的优势以及对图书馆的意义，解读图书馆在科研信息管理中的角色，以部分国外图书馆为例，介绍其参与所属机构科研信息管理的实践。[结果/结论]机构科研信息管理系统建设需要高效整合分散分布于科研机构内外不同部门、不同系统的科研信息，是一项需要跨部门协同合作的系统工程，国内高校图书馆在参与机构科研信息管理系统建设时，应利用自身的信息管理专长，向各利益相关方传递科研信息管理的本质及理念，构建基于科研信息管理系统的多元化数据应用及服务体系。 相似文献