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首先讨论“知识”语义环境的涵义和主要表现,继而对数据、信息、知识和智慧的含义与特质进行比较分析,重点研究四者之间的语义-逻辑关系和源流状态,在此背景上进而探讨知识与其他重要概念即心智因素的语义联系,最后集中研究处于知识语义环境中的主要因素之间的逻辑联系、层次关系以及其理论基础,提出以认知域为横坐标、知识层面为纵坐标,对“数据-信息-知识I(模糊知识)-知识II(明晰知识)-智慧”连续统一体进行语义-逻辑分析的层次模型,并以此层次模型为分析框架,深入探讨在不同逻辑层次上“知识”及知识相关因素的动态运动机制和递进跃升规律,重点包括数据的筛选和聚合、从数据萃取信息、信息内化为知识I、知识I向知识II的转化蜕变和知识向智慧的升华,以从原始与基础概念层面为构建知识创新理论框架打下认知基础。 相似文献
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基于网络传播的数字信息资源共享策略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数字信息资源共享受制于知识产权保护扩张、网络传播权限制、商业数据库的过度保护,因而造成共享范围局限于图书馆馆内和局域网。突破知识产权对于数字信息资源共享的限制就应转变观念,采取合法的方式来开发数字信息资源,实现网络传播,其中,商业数据库的区域代理模式是信息资源共享的创新途径和重要策略。 相似文献
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从相关概念、重要性以及构建路径等方面对对象人物知识库进行了构建研究。以地方历史文化名人"卞和"文献资源开发为例,对知识库的结构体系进行了设计,用基于对象人物显性知识关联的知识库构建方法,实现了对具体对象人物分散、无序知识信息的有效整合和管理。 相似文献
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Samantha McClellan 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2016,23(3):295-314
The University of Louisville Quality Enhancement Plan focuses on integrating critical thinking into the undergraduate curriculum while using the Paul-Elder Critical Thinking Framework. In an effort to expand information literacy and outreach opportunities, the Social Sciences Librarian created online learning modules using SoftChalk, a program that enables the modules to be embedded into any Blackboard course shell. Originally created for an Introduction to Psychology course, the Critical Thinking & Information Evaluation Module Series maps information evaluation concepts to the Paul-Elder Framework's Elements of Thought through an examination of commonly used resources: Wikipedia, Google, and scholarly journal articles. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]文章对科技政策隐性扩散路径自组织方法进行研究,挖掘科技政策文本包含深层语义信息,将隐性知识显性化,为科研人员拓展和丰富政策扩散路径研究提供参考。[方法/过程]本文结合科技政策篇章文本的形式语义和内容语义两个方面对政策文本结构化处理和深度挖掘,对政策文本资源全解析,抽取科技政策文本中包含的特征,其中包括概念和关系自动获取与标引技术、网络表示学习,挖掘科技政策文本中的隐含结构信息,利用BiLSTM-CRF模型的深度学习方法实现概念的自动获取和自动标引关系。将得到多篇科技政策文本的概念和关系组成概念关系对的形式,借助于表示学习的方法发现每个节点稠密的向量表示。[结果/结论]通过实验验证,证明了本文借助隐性路径特征的科技政策扩散隐性路径自组织方法的有效性,在一定程度上拓展了政策研究的方法,为科研人员在政策扩散研究上提供了参考。 相似文献
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杨雅歌 《大学图书情报学刊》2017,35(3)
文章在分析"校地共建图书馆"与"图书馆联盟"发展缘由基础上,将二者的概念进行比较,继而从参与主体、约束条件、目的、产物四个方面对二者的关系进行辨析,认为"校地共建图书馆"和"图书馆联盟"是图书馆共建共享的不同产物,"校地共建图书馆"是"图书馆联盟"的一种特殊形式. 相似文献
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Naike Bochatay 《Health information and libraries journal》2019,36(4):367-371
This doctoral research investigates teamwork, specifically collaboration, at two different hospitals both of which were highly involved in the promotion of interprofessional collaboration. The analysis of the field observations and data collected revealed that this concept did not accurately reflect daily interactions between health care professionals, but that other forms of interaction such as coordination and cooperation were more frequent. Furthermore, the use of these more specific concepts to discuss teamwork in health care enabled important differences to be observed between the clinical settings. The impact of this research in practice suggests that adopting more specific concepts would make it easier to identify relevant literature and to design policies and educational programmes that address teamwork in health care. FJ. 相似文献
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Lauren Feldman 《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(4):586-607
Although late-night comedy and satirical news programs like The Daily Show have been recognized as important sources of political information, prior research suggests that viewers gain only a limited amount of political knowledge from watching these programs. Drawing from uses and gratification theory and extant research on political information processing, this study examines whether learning from The Daily Show depends on whether viewers orient to the message as news or as entertainment. Results from an online experiment suggest that viewers who orient to a segment from The Daily Show as news or as a mix of news and entertainment invest more mental effort and subsequently learn more than viewers who have a purely entertainment orientation. Further, among viewers with a purely entertainment orientation, providing them with an explicit informational-processing goal increases the amount of mental effort and learning relative to viewers who are given no explicit viewing objective. 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to grasp the influence of the newsroom on frame-building processes. First, journalists’ own understanding of “frames” and “framing” is discussed. Second, from an academic interpretation of these concepts, journalists’ framing practices are studied. To this end an ethnographic study was conducted at two newsrooms, one in Belgium and one in the Netherlands. The findings reveal that while the noun “frame” is sporadically used as a tool, the verb “framing” is considered as something from which a journalist should refrain. This is explained by the associations journalists make with strategic framing from sources as well as by the newspapers’ explicit attempt to no longer view the world from a single ideological frame. It is argued that the studied newsrooms have replaced ideology by, respectively, a counterframing strategy that strives to disprove existing frames (deframing) and a narrative approach that, one the one hand, sharpens existing frames but, on the other hand, offer more opportunities to create alternative frames (reframing) for events. 相似文献
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《Journalism Practice》2013,7(2):190-207
What goes on in editorial conferences and how do news journalists decide what is newsworthy? The journalistic “gut feeling” is an important part of the professional self-understanding of journalists and editors expressing how news judgements seem self-evident and self-explaining to the practitioners. This article presents an analysis of everyday news work drawing on the theoretical framework of Pierre Bourdieu and using ethnographic material from observations of editorial practices in a Danish television newsroom as a case study. The analytical concepts “journalistic doxa”, “news habitus” and “editorial capital” are put to empirical work on close-up observations of journalistic practices in editorial conferences and two types of news values are identified as part of the journalistic “gut feeling”: the explicit orthodox/heterodox news values which are part of the sphere of journalistic judgement, and the implicit, silent doxic news values which are part of the sphere of journalistic doxa. An important task for future studies of journalistic practice is to investigate the seemingly self-evident orthodox news values as well as making visible the doxic news values imbedded in journalistic practice. 相似文献
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Håkan Lövblad 《Archival Science》2003,3(2):131-155
The contextual approach gives the impression that we are moving into the 21st century with three competing scientific traditions
of interpretation. Another understanding is the systemic view, which indicates a paradigm with complementing traditions of
interpretation, depending on ontological level. The paradigm of archival science is, like that of many other sciences, influenced
by positivism, systems theory and hermeneutics. The relevance of the paradigm depends on personal beliefs. The hermeneutic
understanding of archival science emphasizes the context and deconstructs central concepts. Hermeneutics emphasizes the influence
of conceptual changes and technological advances on perception. Hermeneutics stresses the need for a socio-cultural and historical
orientation of archival science. The positivistic tradition is coloured by the myths about an ideal science. This is reflected
firstly in the analogy comparing archives with nature, and secondly in the deductive method. Positivism is instrumental in
its demands for distinct definitions of concepts and its insistence on the record as the basis of archival science. The flexibility
of systems theory highlights the complex relations between context and record. Systems theory can, at its best, serve as a
meeting-place for researchers, archivists and users and accordingly form the basis for new knowledge and theory formation.
Systems theory enables a materialistic/dialectic epistemology based in reality and inspired by other relevant sciences. The
result may be the foundation of a systemic-functionalist archival science with activities, records creation and evidential
values in focus. 相似文献
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图书馆学研究中国化:概念、原因和内容 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
澄清图书馆学研究中国化和本土化、中国化和全球化等概念之间的关系，并从西方图书馆学理论产生的历史背景及其学理结构上论证中国化将是图书馆学研究的永恒课题。认为图书馆学研究中国化内容主要包括三个层次，其中的重点应放在努力发现中国当今特定时空下、特定图书馆实践的新问题，去证伪那些一度作为中国图书馆学研究中心的西方通则。 相似文献
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AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine librarians' perceptions of knowledge management, including its concept, potential applications, benefits and major challenges of its applications in Indian academic libraries. A structured questionnaire, containing both open and close-ended questions, was sent by postal mail to 30 librarians of academic libraries in India of which 15 questionnaires were returned. Respondents were asked to define knowledge management and answer questions on its potential applications, benefits and major challenges of implementation in academic libraries. Respondents were also allowed to specify their own views on the subject. The findings of the study show that the levels of understanding of KM concepts among librarians are varied and most of them view KM as the management of information resources, services and systems using technology or specific processes for the capture and use of explicit knowledge, rather sharing and using tacit knowledge. They have positive attitudes towards the applications of knowledge management into academic library practice, and not only because this can bring academic libraries closer to their parent organization, but also because it may help them to survive in an increasingly challenging environment. Although, librarians in the present study acknowledged that they are involved in the practices of knowledge management but these were perceived as basic information management activities. Lack of understanding of knowledge management concepts and its benefits, knowledge sharing culture, top management commitment, incentives and rewards, financial resources and information technology infrastructure are perceived as the major barriers for incorporating knowledge management into academic library practice. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In developing and teaching a new first-year psychology course that integrates information literacy skills, a librarian and a psychologist learned the importance of teaching critical thinking skills explicitly, rather than implicitly. Students learned how to use the library resources and learned concepts in psychology, but until critical thinking was taught explicitly, students did not understand the value of what they were learning. In this article, implicit versus explicit learning is defined, and psychological principles are applied to demonstrate how critical thinking can be used to teach library and information skills. 相似文献