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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(2):368-383
The nascent adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the public sector is being assessed in contradictory ways. But while there is increasing speculation about both its dangers and its benefits, there is very little empirical research to substantiate them. This study aims at mapping the challenges in the adoption of AI in the public sector as perceived by key stakeholders. Drawing on the theoretical lens of framing, we analyse a case of adoption of the AI system IBM Watson in public healthcare in China, to map how three groups of stakeholders (government policy-makers, hospital managers/doctors, and Information Technology (IT) firm managers) perceive the challenges of AI adoption in the public sector. Findings show that different stakeholders have diverse, and sometimes contradictory, framings of the challenges. We contribute to research by providing an empirical basis to claims of AI challenges in the public sector, and to practice by providing four sets of guidelines for the governance of AI adoption in the public sector. 相似文献
2.
Marwan Elnaghi Sarmad N. Alshawi Muhammad Mustafa Kamal Vishanth Weerakkody Zahir Irani 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(2):196-207
E-Government adoption and implementation has gained noticeable momentum across many developed and developing economies. Nevertheless, transitioning from the “electronic” to the stage of “transformational” domain – coined as t-Government – is posing the greatest challenge of how government services respond to changes in the broader economy and society. Despite considerable investments and the wide use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), research literature on e-Government suggests that government services have yet to reach the full potential of seamless integration, where all transactions are completed electronically. Through a detailed analysis of the extant e-Government literature and a case study based empirical research, this paper explores the domain of e-Government in identifying the possible reasons for this potential shortfall in achieving full integration. Furthermore, the paper intends to highlight an aspect of complexity surrounding crossing the integration gap as the authors denote by “eChasm” in the e-Government conceptual model that leads to transformation. In addition, it focuses on radical change through Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) and the call for strategic style of leadership, for cross-agency collaboration leading to a successful realisation of transformational government (t-Government). It is interesting to note that researchers and public sector leaders have started to realise that implementing and managing the transformation of public services, copiously satisfying the users and stakeholders, is a task of multi-dimensional complexity. 相似文献
3.
[目的/意义]探讨美国图书馆需求驱动采购（DDA）的标准化发展,介绍美国国家信息标准协会（NISO）出版的《图书的需求驱动采购推荐实施规范》（NISO DDA）,为中国图书馆DDA标准化建设提供参考。[方法/过程]通过文献考察,介绍NISO DDA产生的背景、规范的制定过程、规范的要素、作用以及NISO DDA应用中面临的挑战。[结果/结论]NISO DDA为DDA走向标准化和可持续发展奠定了基础。它对保护图书馆、出版商、经销商、电子图书数据库集成商等各利益相关者的利益,以及对各方在合作共赢的基础上规范化采纳推广DDA提供指南并起到积极的作用。同时,DDA的可持续发展继续面临着挑战。图书出版链中的各利益相关者仍然为DDA的可持续发展及标准化建设积极探索。 相似文献
4.
To meet the rapid evolution of visual media and changing patron expectations, Brigham Young University's Harold B. Lee Library created Byugle, a device to stream videos to their users. This article describes the new challenges streaming video creates for librarians and the cooperative efforts of subject librarians, technical services, and the Information Technology Department as they work together to meet these challenges to provide streaming media for their patrons. 相似文献
5.
《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2020,46(6):102231
The role and function of the Multimedia Resources Department has evolved as collections and services have moved online. This article outlines Sprague Library's creative use of space, technology, and programming to reimagine Multimedia Services. Montclair State University's Media Department has expanded the scope of its services and utilized technology to enhance group study spaces to encourage collaborative efforts on group and media projects. This involved working closely with the Library Technical Support Specialist and Information Technology Division in planning and designing the collaborative spaces. In addition, the author will discuss the library's use of exhibits, workshops and programming to highlight media collections and services as well as the use of Zoom in facilitating community and campus engagement through programming. New services such as lending musical instruments and presentation printing will also be discussed. 相似文献
6.
This study examines how academic librarians at the Complutense University (Spain) perceive project management techniques that are becoming increasingly popular in library and information centers due to the need to comply with their strategic planning and services. To reach this goal, a quantitative and qualitative methodology was applied and a survey, in the form of a questionnaire, was used as a data gathering tool. The response rate was 31.2%. The key findings are based on respondents' education regarding project management skills and their expertise managing projects, as well as the presence of project management courses in the Library and Information Science Spanish curriculum. This study revealed that over one third of the academic staff completed their project management training by self-directed learning. Additionally, over half of them stated that they had not participated in any library project in the last five years, and almost half of the library staff concluded that project management techniques are quite important as formal courses in the Library and Information Science university programs. The study is interesting and revealing for those library and information services professionals who are facing day-to-day to users' demands and Library and Information Science challenges. 相似文献
7.
��[Purpose/significance] Big data services bring more challenges to knowledge organization. Through observing, understanding and analyzing these challenges, knowledge organization work stakeholders would grasp possible changes and provide countermeasures.[Method/process] Focusing on the construction and application of knowledge organization system, challenges of different aspects of knowledge organization were analyzed and countermeasures were proposed from related real case practice.[Result/conclusion] The challenges of knowledge organization in big data services can be divided into four aspects:data explosion, document assurance, integration and application. A series of knowledge organization frameworks for big data services including new knowledge structure, multi-source updating strategy and elastic application service model are proposed, which can better meet the above challenges. 相似文献
8.
[目的/意义] 大数据服务的需求使得知识组织工作面临更大的挑战,通过发现、理解和分析这些挑战,把握知识组织工作的可能变化,提出应对方法。[方法/过程] 聚焦知识组织系统构建和应用,从大数据服务项目实践真实案例出发,分析知识组织不同角度的挑战,并提出应对策略。[结果/结论] 大数据服务中知识组织挑战可以分为数据膨胀、文献保证、集成和应用等4个方面,提出包含新型知识结构、多来源更新策略和弹性应用服务模式的面向大数据服务的系列知识组织框架,以便能够更好地应对上述挑战。 相似文献
9.
The objective of this article is to explore the experience of reconciling the strategic information system (IS) management with the radical transition of the Information Technology (IT) infrastructure in Taiwan's Bureau of Foreign Trade (BOFT) between 1998 and 2003. This investigation will be beneficial for the implementation of IT projects, as well as the comprehension of the organizational and managerial issues related to the discontinuity of IT development in office automation. This paper conducts an interpretative approach by means of qualitative methods – namely through participatory observation and in-depth interviews with fourteen informants – to reveal the managerial issues and their implications on the adoption of electronic government (e-Government). Through the method of content analysis, this study reviews the process of decision making, implementation, and other issues emerging as a result of the adoption of new technologies in public authorities, such as the cognition of the employee toward the benefits and effectiveness of IS in public authorities. 相似文献
10.
The goal of this research is to address the effectiveness of Neighborhood Information Systems (NIS) as an Information Technology (IT) tool in assisting community development. NISs are hybrid applications of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and web technologies that provide demographic, social, and economic information to community stakeholders. Government agencies, nonprofit organizations, and community organizations engage in decision-making process for community development, and NISs are designed to help information-sharing and effective and participatory decision-makings for community development stakeholders. 相似文献
11.
Understanding the dynamics in e-Participation initiatives: Looking through the genre and stakeholder lenses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Øystein Sæbø Leif Skiftenes Flak Maung K. SeinAuthor vitae 《Government Information Quarterly》2011,28(3):416-425
Conventionally, e-Participation initiatives are considered to be successful only if users use these services. While the growing body of e-Participation literature has listed and studied challenges and barriers to achieving this end, conceptual clarity on why such projects are considered as failures is yet to be achieved. We argue that this is due to the inadequate understanding of the complex stakeholder dynamics of an e-Participation project. In this paper, we seek to address this knowledge gap by proposing that using stakeholder theory complemented by genre theory provides an interpretive lens to understand the complexities in the development and use of such projects. To illustrate our proposed lens, we apply it to analyze an e-Participation project in Norway at its development and use phases. Our findings indicate that a key factor that influences the success of e-Participation initiatives is high saliency of at least one stakeholder group at various phases of the initiatives. The saliency of stakeholders changes over the life of a project and hence the salient stakeholder also varies. Consequently, it is not essential for the same stakeholder group to be salient throughout, only that some stakeholders remain salient. Our interpretive lens also extends the discourse on stakeholder theory. In traditional management literature stakeholder theory is meant as a tool to identify stakeholders' groups to which management or owner of an organization should pay attention. We show that it is also useful to identify which stakeholder groups will act to protect their interests. Based on our findings, we propose insights into studying and developing e-Participation projects. 相似文献
12.
《Library & information science research》2019,41(2):109-122
Studies investigating data sharing from a world perspective are seemingly rare. By employing a quantitative design,this systematic review investigates and presents a comprehensive account of factors hampering data sharing at three levels of the global research hierarchy (individual, institutional and international). The study analyses secondary data extracted from 105 publications (n=105). Journal publishers and research grant organisations are key players in promoting data sharing activities by formulating, adopting and implementing policies on data sharing. Despite concerted efforts to promote data sharing, various factors frustrate these initiatives; they include lack of time and data misappropriation (individual level); data sharing training, absence of compensation and unfavourable internal policies (institutional level); and weak policies, ethical and legal norms, lack of data infrastructure and interoperability issues (international level). To counter these challenges, there is a need for research stakeholders to recognise researchers who share data through data citations, acknowledgement and incentives; invest in infrastructure, conduct training and advocacy programs; formulate stringent and fair policies. Data sharing will only become a success if research stakeholders apply equal efforts in managing data to that of research publications in general. The study offers a unique and comprehensive account of factors hampering data sharing from a global perspective. Solutions suggested could be adopted by research stakeholders in their efforts to enhance data sharing activities at various research levels. 相似文献
13.
Tiroyaone Wright Kophuting 《International Information and Library Review》2017,49(4):249-265
This study used the critical incidents technique to gather the University Botswana Library staff's stories relating to the change management process during the implementation of e-resources projects. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 13 individuals who were involved in the implementation of various projects at the library. Data was analyzed using grounded theory techniques of open coding, selective coding, and axial coding. The results of the study showed that communication, investing in resources, capacity building, team building, garnering external support through collaboration, and users' involvement were key change management strategies used. The library staff were involved in the coordination of projects, systems selection, liaising with stakeholders and consultants, benchmarking, and conducting in-house training. The findings also showed some challenges encountered, which included staff ignorance, reluctance, and fear to take decisions, and inadequate training facilities. The study recommends dedicated project team members with reduced workload and having knowledge and skills to lead the teams to fully participate and engage in the project process. 相似文献
14.
Eileen Wood Domenica De Pasquale Julie Lynn Mueller Karin Archer Lucia Zivcakova Kathleen Walkey 《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(3):182-204
The relative contributions of expertise in search skills and domain knowledge were examined when using the Internet to find information. Four conditions were compared: expert searchers/high domain knowledge; expert searchers/low domain knowledge; novice searchers/high domain knowledge; and novice searchers/low domain knowledge. Search outcomes and verbal protocols were analyzed. The combination of search expertise and high domain knowledge yielded the most efficient searches. Higher search expertise yielded access to sites rated more accurate and credible. High domain knowledge yielded sites rated more thorough. Verbal protocols depicted searching as a complex decision process. Findings have implications for instructional support. 相似文献
15.
Craig M. MacDonald 《图书馆管理杂志》2017,57(2):194-214
With growing interest in applying user experience (UX) methods to improve library interfaces, spaces, and services, it is critical to gain a deeper understanding of the organizational factors influencing libraries' adoption and incorporation of UX expertise. This article reports the results of semi-structured interviews with 16 UX librarians and focuses on how the positions were created, the benefits they have brought to their library, their biggest challenges, and the extent that their work is understood throughout the library. The article concludes with a preliminary model of library UX maturity and six critical directions for the future of UX librarianship. 相似文献
16.
由于大数据的时代背景以及不同用户群体间的知识服务需求存在个性化差异的现实情况,本文认为在设计领域知识结构时应充分考虑用户需求和数据动态性的特点,并以此为基础设计了一套可分领域知识结构。首先,本文梳理了大数据时代下知识服务的特点并给出了以用户为主导的领域知识服务模式;其次,根据该服务模式,本文提出了一套从知识服务视角出发的可分领域知识结构;最后,结合领域大数据转化为领域知识的过程给出了该知识结构的构建流程。本文设计的知识结构在方便领域信息库扩充的同时,也从实际问题角度出发满足了用户的个性化需求。 相似文献
17.
Rosemarie Runcie 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(1-3):156-167
Efforts at networking and cooperation have flourished for some time at the University of the West Indies (UWI), a regional institution in the English-speaking Caribbean. Due to their common mission and shared goals, libraries within the system have collaborated on projects to enhance the services provided to their clients. In its attempt at collaboration, the Mona Campus established the UWI Mona Information Network, the primary goal of which is the creation of a campus-wide online catalog with member libraries having access to a larger pool of resources. Most of the departmental libraries within the system have struggled with their inability to adequately acquire and provide access to their collections. To this end some of these libraries have collaborated with the UWI Library to have their holdings added to the online public access catalog (OPAC). This article presents an overview of the collaborative efforts of the UWI Mona Libraries. 相似文献
18.
This paper reflects on the outcomes of a project undertaken in 1997/98, and examines issues relating to the development of the managerial expertise that underpins the library and information services in Latin America and the Caribbean. It reviews the results of surveys of schools of Librarianship and Information Sciences and a small selection of employers in the region, examining the congruence between the needs of the employers and provision by the schools and possible explanations for an apparent mutual lack of awareness of modern management techniques. Proposals for developing management expertise include: enhancing access to indigenous professional publications and teaching materials; developing a Hispanic language distance-learning programme for library managers; improving research into the job market and skills requirements; and developing an electronic network for communication between the schools. The role of international agencies and technical co-operation projects is assessed, and attention is drawn to the need for a more positive approach to overcome the issues surrounding the transfer of management know-how between different cultures. 相似文献
19.
Sue Lacey Bryant 《Health information and libraries journal》2000,17(2):83-90
General practitioners play a central role in primary care. Clinical Governance and advances in Information and Communications Technology dominate the agenda for change. The aim of this literature review is to indicate publications that have made a significant contribution to understanding of the information wants, needs, behaviour and preferences of family physicians and to identify areas in which there is scope for further research. Concentrating on material published in the 1990s, this review looks at the information needs of family doctors and at their information seeking behaviour. Work on the needs of General Medical Practices and of Primary Care Groups is included. The review discusses studies of information gatekeepers and projects intended to augment access to information services. A few texts are recommended as essential reading. 相似文献
20.