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《Journal of Informetrics》2014,8(4):895-903
Today, it is not clear how the impact of research on other areas of society than science should be measured. While peer review and bibliometrics have become standard methods for measuring the impact of research in science, there is not yet an accepted framework within which to measure societal impact. Alternative metrics (called altmetrics to distinguish them from bibliometrics) are considered an interesting option for assessing the societal impact of research, as they offer new ways to measure (public) engagement with research output. Altmetrics is a term to describe web-based metrics for the impact of publications and other scholarly material by using data from social media platforms (e.g. Twitter or Mendeley). This overview of studies explores the potential of altmetrics for measuring societal impact. It deals with the definition and classification of altmetrics. Furthermore, their benefits and disadvantages for measuring impact are discussed. 相似文献
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[目的/意义] altmetrics有利于完善新环境下的科研评价体系,但由于数据易被操控、用户行为具有偶然性、数据来源则具有不稳定性等因素,其可用性受到质疑。本文试图基于实际数据集对altmetrics的可用性做客观评价。[方法/过程] 基于PLOS ALM数据,对当前主要的altmetrics指标进行覆盖率、稳定性、时效性和交叉性分析,对指标的使用价值做较为全面和客观的评价,为altmetrics的深入研究和实践利用提供借鉴和参考。[结果/结论] 数据分析结果表明altmetrics指标来源广泛、形式多样,在覆盖率、稳定性和时效性上存在差异,反映了不同维度的文献价值,评价工作中需要根据指标自身的优势、劣势和适用范围,并考虑指标之间的交叉性,合理构建全面的指标体系,满足当前科研评价的需求。 相似文献
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［目的/意义］Altmetrics通过API跟踪和分析学术文献的网络活动,根据影响力分值评价学术成果的影响力。然而,其评价学术影响力不考察读者态度极性,仅提供简单的公众关注度信息,不能直接体现学术成果的质量。为此研究altmetrics评价学术质量的可行性方案。［方法/过程］将情感分析与altmetrics相结合,并以新闻媒体、社交网站、文献数据库、学术论坛的提及、评论、引用、讨论指标为例,探讨altmetrics量化指标与情感分析相结合的理论框架。［结果/结论］构建基于情感分析的altmetrics加权综合运算模型,该模型虽有情感分析技术实现难度较大、计算过程复杂且缺乏实证研究的不足,但作为评价学术质量的一种尝试,值得探讨。 相似文献
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L. A. Mosunova 《Scientific and Technical Information Processing》2017,44(3):175-183
This paper sets the problem of development of information culture and advances the hypothesis about understanding of the meaning of information as its basis. Five ideas related to the problems of the paper are distinguished in the theory of understanding. The paper describes the concept of adequate and inadequate understanding the meaning of information and develops the criteria of understanding the meaning of information. The concept of the “understanding of the meaning of information” is defined. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]引介国外近期关于altmetrics的理论思想和研究共识,以期对我国的altmetrics研究带来启示。[方法/过程]采取多种信息检索方法,如网络检索、博客跟踪、浏览会议网站的方法,查找国内外相关信息,考察altmetrics的早期理论假说、术语提出的方式和过程;引介和分析国外专家的研究共识;研究我国相关的期刊论文和博客文章,总结国内altmetrics的研究现状与问题。[结果/结论]研究发现,国外专家普遍认为altmetrics是对传统引文方法的补充,而不是替代;altmetrics测量的是科学研究的关注度和影响力,而不一定是科学研究的质量;altmetrics应该重新命名为"alternative indicators";传统引文评价方法存在的引文动机、发表时间、学科和地域差异等问题在altmetrics评价中仍然存在。因此,在用altmetrics指标进行评价的过程中,不能仅观察altmetrics应用工具提供的数字,还要考察数据源的类型、具体评价内容,最后通过定量和定性评价方法相结合做出正确的判断。我国altmetrics的相关研究虽然发展迅速,但与国际研究水平仍有较大差距。 相似文献
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This article analyses the growth of the Brazilian book market in the decade from 2004 to 2013 and compares it to Brazil’s GNP growth. It also studies the recent developments of three factors that should contribute to the performance of the Brazilian book industry: the growth of the middle class, the decrease of functional illiteracy and the higher number of college institutions and college students in the country. This article shows that despite these factors, the Brazilian book industry is underperforming and not living up to its potential. 相似文献
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Joana Resende 《Journal of Media Economics》2013,26(3):158-190
This article analyzes price competition in a duopolistic newspaper industry, where politically differentiated newspapers compete in 2 distinct markets: circulation and advertising. Assuming that 1 of the newspapers represents the “voice of the majority,” the theory of the circulation spiral is investigated and whether the interdependence between newspapers' demands in the circulation and advertising markets favors the majority's newspaper to the detriment of the minority's newspaper is investigated. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):163-176
This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that an individual's preference for and valuation of relatively unavailable communicative messages compared to more readily available messages is a function of and will become more pronounced as his personal sense of “self‐uniqueness” is decreased. Greater preferences for and more favorable valuations of unavailable messages relative to available messages were also expected, independent of subjects’ anticipated familiarity or unfamiliarity with arguments contained in the messages. Experimental subjects received fictitious test results describing them as extremely high, high, or low in personal uniqueness compared with their peers. They then received information about four different messages; the messages being described as either available or unavailable to them and to others, and as containing either familiar or unfamiliar arguments. Subjects indicated their preferences for and valuations of each of the four different messages. The hypothesized effects were obtained. 相似文献
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When dealing with contemporary art, conservators have to address not only the material aspects of the artwork but also other highly complex issues. The Argentinian artist Leon Ferrari is a representative example. He created avant-garde art installations but also worked with traditional techniques. His works raise dilemmas over concepts such as authorship, authenticity, legitimacy of art. Some of his artworks only interested him as a means to express his opinions and he was not concerned about alterations in their appearance. Therefore, what should be kept in them is not in an area of certainty for conservators. An essential key for achieving a responsible and respectful conservation result, is to understand the ideology involved in each ‘art piece’ created by Ferrari. 相似文献
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The Reading History of China, edited by Professor Wang Yuguang , was published by Anhui Educational Press at the end of 2017. This book is the first book on general history of reading in China and fills in the blank of the research field of reading history. The scientific research team headed by Professor Wang Yuguang has been working for many years to establish and improve the theoretical system of the study of Chinese reading history. Through translating and introducing the research achievements of foreign reading history compiling the compilation of reading historical materials and launching case studies they attempted to establish the theoretical system of Chinese reading history. This book is divided into ten volumes. The first volume is “Theory Volume". It discusses many theoretical issues in the study of reading history , including the research progress of reading history at home and abroad the research contents of Chinese reading history and reading culture the national era and regional characteristics of reading history and reading culture; the interaction between reading activities and text changes , social environment and education , social consciousness and religion , academic changes and other factors. China's long-standing reading culture and traditions were refined and summarized. Volume 10 is “the Record of Pictures", which compiles representative pictures related to reading activities in successive dynasties. Volumes 2 to 9 are divided into eleven relatively independent historical stages according to the development of reading history and the main characteristics of each period. On the basis of fully absorbing the theoretical research achievements of reading history at home and abroad and comprehensively grasping the research materials of reading history in China , the book puts forward the core view that reading is a universal social and cultural phenomenon. It holds that reading is not only an individual behavior , but also an important part of human civilized life. Therefore , the reader's reading behavior is inevitably affected by both internal and external factors and the study of reading history should be placed in the overall environment of social history. According to this idea , the book decomposes the internal and external factors affecting reading behavior one by one establishes a research system of Chinese reading history from the perspective of social culture and summarizes the research contents of Chinese reading history into three aspects and eight main topics 1 Discipline foundation and theoretical research , aiming at the construction of theoretical system and basic information; 2) External factors affecting reading , including the relationship between reading activities and text changes social environment and education social consciousness and religion academic and knowledge system , publishing and dissemination of environmental factors; 3) Internal factors affecting reading. It includes reader,s reading behavior , reading environment , reading content, reading concept , reading thought and theory and social reading tradition etc. which shape and influence the reading behavior. The writing of each sub-volume revolves around the above-mentioned framework , focusing on reflecting the characteristics of the times regions and nationalities in each stage of the history of reading. On this basis , the tradition and spirit of ancient Chinese reading are condensed into five aspects. Finally , combined with the compiling experience of The Reading History of China, some topics are put forward for further study such as the collection and publication of reading historical materials the methodology of reading history the contemporary value of research on reading history and reading culture the reading history of a region or ethnic group the study of reading population and the case study of representative readers. 12 refs. © 2019, Editorial Office of Journal of Library Science in China. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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Jean Michel 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3-4):465-478
The development of digital technologies for the production, processing, dissemination and use of information is leading to the emergence of a new society based on a far reaching transformation in the relationship between people and institutions and on a radical change in many professional, economic, educational or cultural practices. The crucial question facing us today is whether our traditional societies are ready for such a shift in ways of thinking, communicating and acting. Are people sufficiently aware and adequately equipped to become citizens of this new information society? Are they prepared to be active, efficient and responsible participants in the new communities living on information exchange? Are we really ready to be part of a new culture based on a swifter and broader flow of information, ideas and knowledge? The development of that special culture, or infoculture, depends first and foremost on education, both general and vocational, and on initial and continuing training as well as on raising awareness among the public at large. Achieving a real infoculture calls for full-scale mobilization of all those who in their various ways are involved in the information society. Partnerships must be encouraged; national, regional or world projects must be given support; there is more than ever a need for a new form of solidarity to develop the infoculture. 相似文献
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Through discussing how the Polite Principle rescues the Cooperative Principle in English and Chinese .this thesis proves that PP is suitable both in English and Chinese .What＇s more, Chinese people has the thoughts and tradition of polite- ness. However when Chinese people confront with English they are easy to fall into embarrassments. This thesis points out two reasons of pragmatic failure. One is the cultural difference and the different use of PP in Chinese and English. The other is the unsuitable education system and belief. Finally, this thesis proposes three kinds of methods： 1. The supplement of au- thentic material which can reduce inauthennc input, improve cultural awareness and stimulate learning motivation.2.Changing the classroom from the teachers＂ arenas to students＇ forums 3. Learning English on the mteruet. 相似文献
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Robert T. Ivey 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(5):464-482
Cataloging procedures have evolved in many academic research libraries over the past 10 years. Some predicted trends—outsourcing, original cataloging by paraprofessionals, more digital material—have been borne out. Others, such as a decline in the amount of material to catalog or in the number of professional catalogers, have not. Changes have been mostly procedural and have not affected the catalog itself. Recently, however, the emergence of powerful Internet search engines has allowed researchers to bypass the catalog. This has led some to question the wisdom of continuing it and others to vigorously defend current practice. In 2005–2007 this debate became especially heated, but a consensus appears to be emerging that although the character of the professional cataloger's job will continue to evolve over the next 5 to 10 years there will not be a revolution. The cataloger's basic skills will still be needed and the fundamental nature of cataloging will remain much as we know it. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]altmetrics指标是对传统文献计量指标的有力补充。随着altmetrics研究的发展,国际上许多机构知识库已经应用相关工具,取得了一定的效果。那么,altmetrics工具在我国机构知识库中的应用是否必要和可行是一个现阶段极受关注的问题。[方法/过程]在altmetrics应用背景扫描和可行性分析基础上,分别从应用工具的选择、嵌入步骤和插件类型等方面梳理altmetrics工具在机构知识库中应用的相关问题;总结国外基金、科研、医院和高校等机构在整合altmetrics工具后取得的实际效果。[结果/结论]研究发现,在我国已建立的机构知识库中嵌入PlumX插件是一个十分切实可行的方法。国外的PlumX相关实践已显示出6个方面的成效:可视化展示基金投入的产出情况;帮助年轻的科研人员展示成果影响力;基于学术交流指标预测引文影响力;激励科研成果的缴存,提供重要的决策支持信息;更好地满足对小学科小专业科研成果评价的需要;提升机构成果的国际可见度和同行认可度。 相似文献
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Douglas Kellner 《传播与批判/文化研究》2013,10(1):29-58
In this study, I demonstrate the consequences of the triumph of neoliberalism and media deregulation for democracy. I argue that the tremendous concentration of power in the hands of corporate groups who control powerful media conglomerates has intensified a crisis of democracy in the United States and elsewhere. Providing case studies of how mainstream media in the United States have become tools of conservative and corporate interests since the 1980s, I discuss how the corporate media helped forge a conservative hegemony, failed to address key social problems, and promoted the candidacy of George W. Bush in the 2000 US presidential election. 相似文献
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Craig R. Hullett 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):286-299
Dillard's goals‐planning‐action (GPA) model of interpersonal influence encompasses two different process models depending on the initial weighing of primary and secondary goals. In contrast to the GPA's prediction that the ordering of the intervening processes is moderated by the initial weighing of these two types of goals, a simplified version was found that fit the data both when the primary goal was greater than the secondary goal and when the secondary goal was greater than the primary goal. In both conditions, the two types of goals have simultaneous, direct relationships with the persuaders’ decisions to engage their targets, and indirect effects on subsequent plan generation. 相似文献
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Mary Curran 《期刊图书馆员》2013,64(4):547-555
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How relevant is the predictive power of the h-index? A case study of the time-dependent Hirsch index
Michael Schreiber 《Journal of Informetrics》2013,7(2):325-329
The h-index has been shown to have predictive power. Here I report results of an empirical study showing that the increase of the h-index with time often depends for a long time on citations to rather old publications. This inert behavior of the h-index means that it is difficult to use it as a measure for predicting future scientific output. 相似文献