Infants Rely More on Gaze Cues From Own‐Race Than Other‐Race Adults for Learning Under Uncertainty          下载免费PDF全文

Naiqi G. Xiao  Rachel Wu  Paul C. Quinn  Shaoying Liu  Kristen S. Tummeltshammer  Natasha Z. Kirkham  Liezhong Ge  Olivier Pascalis  Kang Lee 《Child development》2018,89(3):e229-e244

Differential experience leads infants to have perceptual processing advantages for own‐ over other‐race faces, but whether this experience has downstream consequences is unknown. Three experiments examined whether 7‐month‐olds (range = 5.9–8.5 months; N = 96) use gaze from own‐ versus other‐race adults to anticipate events. When gaze predicted an event's occurrence with 100% reliability, 7‐month‐olds followed both adults equally; with 25% (chance) reliability, neither was followed. However, with 50% (uncertain) reliability, infants followed own‐ over other‐race gaze. Differential face race experience may thus affect how infants use social cues from own‐ versus other‐race adults for learning. Such findings suggest that infants integrate online statistical reliability information with prior knowledge of own versus other race to guide social interaction and learning.  相似文献   

Convergent and concurrent validity of two measures of phonological processing     

J. Michael Havey  Natasha Story  Kelsie Buker 《Psychology in the schools》2002,39(5):507-514

The purposes of this study were to determine the degree to which two measures of phonological awareness/ability (Test of Phonological Awareness; Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing) correlate with each other and with a measure of reading (Letter‐Word Identification), and to determine which of the individual measures of phonological ability best predict early reading skill in kindergarten children. With one exception, all correlations among measures of phonological awareness/ability were significant. In addition, all correlations among the phonological awareness measures and the reading measure were significant. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the combination of all predictor variables accounted for approximately 51% of the variability in scores on the Woodcock Letter‐Word Identification subtest. The Phonological Awareness and the Rapid Naming composites of the CTOPP were the best predictors of performance on the measures of word identification. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

Encouraging Engagement with Students and Integrating Librarians into the Curriculum through a Personal Librarian Program     

Shalu Gillum  Natasha Williams  Pamela Herring  Deedra Walton  Nadine Dexter 《Medical reference services quarterly》2018,37(3):266-275

Five years ago, the Harriet F. Ginsburg Health Sciences Library created a Personal Librarian Program (PLP) to encourage librarian engagement with first- and second-year medical students and to promote awareness of library resources and services. Prior to the creation of the PLP, the library struggled with finding ways to connect with its medical students, especially because the library is 98% digital. The PLP was created to give students an individualized library experience and an easier way to interact with librarians. As a result, opportunities for librarian-student engagement increased, and Personal Librarian groups facilitated the integration of librarians into two first- and second-year medical school courses.  相似文献   

N170 Tuning in Chinese: Logographic Characters and Phonetic Pinyin Script     

Rui Qin  Natasha Maurits  Ben Maassen 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2016,20(5):363-374

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Desperately seeking data: methodological complications in researching 'hard to find' young people     

Natasha Macnab  John Visser  Harry Daniels 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2007,7(3):142-148

This paper explores challenges arising from research (Daniels & Macnab, 2004), which sought to identify young people aged 14–16 years who were emotionally vulnerable and not in receipt of educational provision within two local UK authorities. Two particular challenges are identified in this research. The first was the challenge of defining the term used to identify the young people. Second, the research faced an almost insurmountable challenge in finding and obtaining data on a sample for which the outcomes of the research may pose a threat to those holding the data. Discussion focuses upon possible ways in which research can address these issues.  相似文献   

The Development and Evaluation of Procedures to Assess Child Self-report Item Validity     

Woolley ME  Bowen GL  Bowen NK 《Educational and psychological measurement》2006,66(4):687-700

Cognitive pretesting (CP) is an interview methodology for pretesting the validity of items during the development of self-report instruments. The present research evaluates a systematic approach to the analysis of CP data. Materials and procedures were developed to rate self-report item performance with CP interview text data. Five raters were trained in the application of that system. Estimates of inter-rater reliability found acceptable to substantial levels of inter-rater agreement. Results from the present study suggest that excellent inter-rater reliability can be achieved in the evaluation of CP data. Guidelines for systematically rating the qualitative data collected using CP methods are provided. Future research should focus on empirical demonstrations of how such rating procedures can lead to improvements in self-report instruments.  相似文献   

Using Assignments to Redefine Employer Relationships          下载免费PDF全文

Natasha A. Jankowski  Jason A. Tyszko 《Assessment Update》2017,29(4):10-13

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The translucent cadaver: A follow‐up study to gauge the efficacy of implementing changes suggested by students     

Sanet Henriët Kotzé  Natasha Darné Driescher  Calvin Gerald Mole 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(6):433-439

In a study conducted in 2011, the use of full body digital X‐ray images (Lodox^® Statscan^®) and drawings were described for surface anatomy education during which suggestions were made by students on how to improve the method. Educational innovations should continuously be adjusted and improved to provide the best possible scenario for student learning. This study, therefore, reports on the efficacy of implementing some of these suggestions. Suggestions incorporated into the follow‐up study included: (1) The inclusion of eight strategically placed labeled digital X‐ray images to the dissection halls, (2) The placement of both labeled and unlabeled digital X‐ray images online, (3) The inclusion of informal oral questions on surface anatomy during dissection, (4) The requirement of students to submit individual drawings in addition to group drawings into their portfolios, and (5) Integrating information on how to recognize anatomical structures on X‐rays into gross anatomy lectures given prior to dissection. Students were requested to complete an anonymous questionnaire. The results of the drawings, tests and questionnaires were compared to the results from the 2011 cohort. During 2012, an increased usage of the digital X‐rays and an increase in practical test marks in three out of the four modules (statistically significant only in the cardiovascular module) were reported. More students from the 2012 cohort believed the images enhanced their experience of learning surface anatomy and that its use should be continued in future. The suggested changes, therefore, had a positive effect on surface anatomy education. Anat Sci Educ 6: 433–439. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Promoting Library Visibility Through Creative Programing     

Shalu Gillum  Natasha Williams 《Medical reference services quarterly》2013,32(3):236-251

Abstract

Digital libraries and their librarians face a challenge to remain visible to users since almost all their resources can be accessed without having to visit the library space. Libraries with a primarily electronic collection can promote their visibility through creative programing that draws people into the library space or provides opportunities for users to engage with librarians. A new, primarily digital academic health sciences library shares its experiences with developing creative user events and programs to promote the library’s visibility.  相似文献   

‘Doing research was inspiring’: building a research community with teachers     

Dragana Martinovic  Natasha Wiebe  Snezana Ratkovic  Colleen Willard-Holt  Terry Spencer  Maria Cantalini-Williams 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(3):385-406

This paper reports on a mixed-methods study related to K–12 teachers’ understandings of what research is, and what enables or inhibits teacher use of research in the classroom towards informing their instructional practices. In a collaboration exemplifying school board and university partnerships, we examined the nature of associations between teachers and education research(ers). Our findings indicated that teachers felt both connected and disconnected to research practices in education. Participants suggested ways to establish and sustain better links and collaborations among the communities of teaching and research. This paper emphasizes the importance of universities, schools and teachers working together to conduct meaningful research and apply current knowledge in the field of education.  相似文献